The Review of Laser Engineering
Online ISSN : 1349-6603
Print ISSN : 0387-0200
ISSN-L : 0387-0200
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Volume 24, Issue 10
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Satoshi KAWATA
    1996 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 1037
    Published: October 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.1037
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Near-field Laser-Scanning Microscope
    Satoshi KAWATA
    1996 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 1038-1044
    Published: October 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.1038
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    As a new version of laser-scanning optical microscope, near-field scanning optical microscope or NSOM is getting very popular in microscope-research society. In this review, why and how the NSOM is important in the basic research and the application fields of microscopy. The principle and the new analysis of image formation by NSOM is discussed with some experimental results.
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  • Ultrahigh Density Optical Recording by the Use of Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscope
    Mitsuo HAMANO, Masahiro IRIE
    1996 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 1045-1050
    Published: October 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.1045
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    Near-field optical recording using magneto-optic, phase-change, and photochromic materials was reviewed. Among them, rewritable recording using photochromic media was described in detail. Marks as small as 100nm in width were recorded on the dithienylethene photochromic media by irradiation with 529-nm light, and erased by irradiation with UV light (300nm < λ < 400nm).
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  • Surface Plasmon Resonance and Its Application to Laser Microscopy
    Takayuki OKAMOTO, Ichirou YAMAGUCHI
    1996 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 1051-1058
    Published: October 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.1051
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    Surface plasmons are electromagnetic waves localized and propoagating along metal-dielectric interfaces. They can be excited by a p-polarized light in an attenuated total reflection geometry. The surface plasmon resonance can be used in laser microscopy that provides two dimensional maps of refractive index and/or thickness of samples with very high sensitivity. Spatial light modulators using the surface plasmon resonance are also described.
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  • Laser Scanning Microscope Based on Nonlinear Optics
    Osamu NAKAMURA
    1996 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 1059-1067
    Published: October 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.1059
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    We explain why the spatial resolution of a laser scanning microscope (SLM) becomes better with the use of nonlinear optical effects, what kind of nonlinear SLMs exist, and how the nonlinear SLMs will develop in the future.
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  • Laser Microscopes Based on Optical Heterodyne Detection
    Shinichi KOMATSU
    1996 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 1068-1076
    Published: October 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.1068
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    Laser scanning microscopes based on optical heterodyne detection are reviewed. Optical heterodyne phase detection technique allows noncontact surface profile measurement with height sensitivity of the order of 1Å or even better. Combined with atomic force microscopy, the lateral spatial resolution of laser heterodyne phase micrscopy is much improved up to several Å, which enables atomic resolution imaging of a sample surface. On the other hand, optical heterodyne intensity detection technique has a unique feature of confocal imaging ability, and its high signal to noise ratio due to heterodyne detection allows us to observe 3 dimensional distribution of light scattering particles through an obstructing rough surface.
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  • A Method for the Measurement of Optical Beam Induced Current Using Scanning Laser Microscope
    Takahiro ODE
    1996 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 1077-1083
    Published: October 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.1077
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    OBIC (Optical Beam Induced Current) microscope is an application of a scanning laser microscope. It enables to visualize a photo conductivity and/or depletion region of p-n junction in a semiconductor material. This paper briefly reviews the principle of photo current measurement, instrumentation, and some applications. Moreover, spectroscopic OBIC image has been investigated with the specially designed OBIC microscope which can switch the excitation wavelength.
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  • Laser Feedback Microscopy Controlling the Laser Oscillation of Semiconductor Laser by Reentered Light
    Katsumasa FUJITA, Satoshi KAWATA
    1996 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 1084-1090
    Published: October 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.1084
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    A laser feedback microscope that uses a semiconductor laser for both a light source and a detector is described. A method for enhancing the depth discrimination of a confocal microscope is also described, in which a semiconductor laser is driven by the current below the threshold. Experimental results are shown to verify the effectiveness of the proposed microscope.
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  • Feedback Control of Colliding-Pulse Mode-Locking Operations in a Nd:YAG Laser
    Iwao KITAZIMA, Kohji KUDOH, Hiroyasu KASEYA
    1996 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 1091-1098
    Published: October 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.1091
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    The pulse width of a flashlamp pumped Nd:YAG laser in 120cm long linear cavity was significantly shortened by joint operation of CPM (Colliding Pulse Mode-locking) and FCM (Feedback Controlled Mode-locking). First, only CPM was operated with a saturable absorber cell of 0.5mm thickness set at one quarter of the cavity length apart from the end mirror. The average and shortest pulse widths were 15.8ps and 8.0ps in Gaussian shape (14.4ps and 7.3ps in sech2), respectively, while about 40 pulses of 2ns interval were emitted out within a one-shot pulse train of about 80ns duration. The average energy per pulse was about 40μJ. Next, in addition of CPM, FCM was done by a piece of 0.45mm thick GaAs wafer near the coupling mirror. The average and shortest pulse widths were 5.4ps (4.9ps) and 5.1ps (4.6ps), respectively, while the number of pulses (≈10μJ) increased by several times within the elongated train of about 500ns duration. Last, the pulse shortening mechanisms were also discussed by observing the down-chirping effect with a grating pair.
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  • Images of Cylindrical Hole Subsurface Aluminum Block by Laser-Induced Thermal Wave
    Tetsuya TANIYAMA
    1996 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 1099-1106
    Published: October 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.1099
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    Thermal wave is produced at the surface of an aluminum block by irradiating intensity modulated CO2 gas laser. A cylindrical hollow created inside the block can be observed as an image from intensity or phase difference of the thermal wave scattered from the hollow and detected with a PZT placed at the back of the block. The modulation frequency of the laser is 4.16kHz and its power is 10W in the present work. This paper describes the special distribution as well as scattering mechanisms of the thermal wave in comparison of the experimentally obtained image with mathematical calculations.
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  • Detection of Full Penetration by Analizing Ripple of Laser Induced-Plasma
    Isamu MIYAMOTO, Kiyokazu MORI
    1996 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 1107-1113
    Published: October 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.1107
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    A novel in-process monitoring system employing two detectors set above the work at different aiming angles of 5 and 75 degree was developed to detect whether or not the CO2 laser welding is of full penetration through the back surface of the steel sheets. The acquired signal involved AC components with frequencies up to approximately 10kHz of the light emission of the laserinduced plasma in both the plume and in the keyhole. The mean square value of the AC signal obtained by using 75-degree sensor in the full-penetration welding was found to be much larger than that of the partial penetration welding. Whether or not full penetration has occurred can be determined by simply comparing the mean square value of the 75-degree sensor with a predetermined threshold value.
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  • Development of All Solid State Exciter for High Repetition Rate Excimer Laser
    Fumihiko ENDO, Katsuya OKAMURA, Shigeyuki TAKAGI, Eiji KANEKO
    1996 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 1114-1122
    Published: October 25, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.1114
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    We developed an all solid state exciter composed of a semiconductor switch with MAGTs (MOS Assisted Gate-triggered Thyristors) and a single-stage MPC (Magnetic Pulse Compression circuit) for high repetition rate XeCl excimer laser. Thirty two (32) MAGTs connected in series were used as the semiconductor switch for a 25kV-900A-0.6μs pulse generation. For MPC, cobalt-based amorphous alloy treated by annealing was selected as core materials for the purpose of reducing magnetic losses.
    The continuous operation with an average laser power of 43W at 3kHz was verified with this exciter. The efficiency of the switch of 75% was obtained at 3kHz operation. The experimental results verify that replacing thyratrons with the all solid state exciter is possible.
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  • Erratum to : Dynamical Mechanism of Laser Ablation and Synthesis of Nanoclusters
    1996 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 1131
    Published: 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.24.10_1131
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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