The specific effect of balneotherapy by sulphated salt springs on a 51-year old man with limb contracture induced by limb burns was observed. He underwent a skin graft for two to three degree burns on 30% of his total body surface area involving limbs, and was admitted to Atagawa rehabilitation hospital after traumatism for two months. After he had balneotherapy (sulfated salt springs) for 15 minutes, he received 40 minutes of physical therapy four times a week as well as 40 minutes of occupational therapy four times a week. After treatment for three months, his contracture and daily living activities improved to a complete independence level, at which point he was discharged. He continued rehabilitation through the outpatient department, during which time his contracture worsened at one point before improving again.
 During his rehabilitation, a difference was recognized in the frequency and content of his rehabilitation during hospitalization compared to that in the outpatient department. He performed voluntary training mainly on range of motion exercises with a positive attitude throughout hospitalization, and the frequency and content of voluntary training did not change much after discharge, but balneotherapy ended with the discharge, so we presume that the improvement of the good range of motion limit during his time as an inpatient and the worsening of this after discharge was due to whether or not he was receiving balneotherapy.
 For the treatment of hypertrophic scars, a silicone gel sheeting has been used since the 1980s. Silicone gel sheeting is a safe and effective treatment for hypertrophic and keloid scars. Comparing the effects of treatment using silicone gel sheeting to those of treatment using sulphated salt springs shows there are common elements in terms of thermal insulation, moisture retention, action on fibroblast, and acceleration of collagenase activity and production. Therefore, it is expected that treatment using balneotherapy by sulphated salt springs has a similar effect as when treating hypertrophic scars with silicone gel sheeting and suggests why this led to improvement for this ailment. In addition, balneotherapy using sulphated salt springs is expected to provide the benefits of bathing in a sulphatedsalt springs in a convenient and easy manner for the entire body.
 The authors propose a new rehabilitation method using balneotherapy by sulphated salt springs to treat hypertrophic scaring.

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Purpose
 We assessed the effect of Electroacupuncture (EA) at Zusanli (ST36) acupoint on cardiac perfor-mance of spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), analyzing left ventricular pressure-volume (PV) relationship.
Methods
 SHR and Wistar-Kyoto rat (WKY) were anesthetized with isoflurane (1%). Conductance catheter (SPR-838, Millar instruments, Houston, Texas) was inserted into left ventricle via carotid artery. Steady state was maintained for at least 5 min before EA was started.
 EA stimulation point was set on the right anterior side of hindlimb, corresponding to Zusanli (ST36) acupoint in humans. SHR and WKY underwent EA stimulation in a frequency of 2Hz and intensity of 6mA with a pulse generator (Han’s Healthronics Likon, Taipei, Taiwan) for 15 min. PV relationship was measured at baseline, 10min after the start of EA stimulation and at 0, 5, 10, 15 min after the end, then analyzed to obtain parameters for cardiac performance.
Result
 In the basic state before EA stimulation, ESP, SW, PVA, Ea, dp/dtmax, dp/dtmin, Pmax, ESPVR and EDPVR in SHR was significantly higher than those in WKY(ESP, 109.6±8.3 vs. 175.0±14.6mmHg, p<0.01 ; SW, 5.7±1.6 vs. 8.8±3.7mmHg·ml, p<0.05 ; PVA, 11.7±4.0 vs. 19.3±6.4mmHg· ml, p<0.01 ; Ea, 1804.2±382.4 vs. 2625.3±629.3 mmHg/ml, p<0.01 ; dp/dtmax, 7512.9±1628.8 vs. 13406.3±1771.4mmHg/s, p<0.01 ; dp/dtmin, -7159.7±1236.8 vs. -12082.5±1280.2 mmHg/s, p<0.01 ; Pmax, 116.7±6.8 vs. 176.8±14.6mmHg, p<0.01 ; ESPVR, 1013.8±320.3 vs. 1520.1±494.8mmHg/ml, p<0.05 ; EDPVR 70.0±39.3 vs. 178.3±130.2 mmHg/ml, p<0.05, respectively), indicating increased systolic function and decreased diastolic function in SHR.
 Significant change in parameters of WKY could not be observed after EA stimulation. In SHR, ESP, EDP, Ea, dp/dtmax, dp/dtmin, Pmax was significantly decreased at 10 min after EA started. ESPVR was not significantly affected by EA in both WKY and SHR, however, ESPVR tended to be increased in WKY and decreased in SHR at 10min after the start of EA stimulation.
Conclusion
 EA decreased indicators of systolic function in SHR that is significantly higher than WKY. This study suggests that EA improved enhanced systolic function in SHR, compared with WKY.

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 Whether it used in the climic in comparison with the prediction accuracy of electronic clinical thermometer was examined under the cooperation of the volunteer. There was the high correlation on predictive value and measured value with A c202, c220 types. The reproducibility by the iterative measurement by the equal clinical thermometer is high.
 Though the sensor is being set in the temperature sensing element metal cap of the clinical thermometer, the thermister has been minimized in order to improve the thermal reaction. It becomes an element in which this fact stimulates the short time measurement.
 The prediction accuracy lowers, and on the other hand the sensor is small, and it is difficult to be fixed at best warm division on arteria auxillaries. The artifact occurs, when the sensor is not rightly fixed, and it concludes easiness.

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 The purpose of this study was to clarify the change in symptoms, behavior, and feeling with acupuncture and the relationship between the changes and physical activity level in middle-aged and elderly people with musculoskeletal pain.
 The Subjects were 55 (26 males and 29 females, aged 65.0±12.2 years) middle-aged and elderly people with musculoskeletal pain who have been treated with acupuncture. We investigated the change in their symptoms, behavior, and feeling (symptoms, frequency of other treatments, exercise, frequency of going out and taking trips, general feeling, confidence in physical fitness, and coping with the prospects for the symptoms) with acupuncture using an unsigned self-administered question naire. In addition, the health-related quality-of-life was evaluated with SF-8 and the physical activity level was assessed with the Short Version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.
 The subjects mostly recognized that their symptoms, behavior, and feeling had a tendency to improve or remain unchanged with acupuncture. Evaluation of the relationship between the changes with acupuncture and walking physical activity showed that the subjects who felt their frequency of exercise or of going out or taking trips tended to increase with acupuncture treatment showed a significantly higher physical activity level than those who stated there was no change or a decreasing tendency (p<0.05). Similarly, the subjects whose assessment for the general feeling or coping with the prospects for symptoms was a tendency to irnprove with acupuncture showed a significantly higher physical activity level than those whose assessment was no change or deleterious change (p<0.05).
 These results indicate that acupuncture might have a positive affect on their symptoms, behavior, and feeling, and also provide opportunities to increase walking physical activity in middle-aged and elderly people with skeletai and muscular disorders.

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Purpose
 This study aimed to clarify the effects of footbath (FB) on motor functions (MFs).
Subjects
 The study population comprised 26 healthy volunteers (12 males and 14 females; age, 21-30years, Standard Deviation,25.5±2.8).
Method
 (1) Study design: The footbath group (FBG; 6 males, 8 females) received FB at 42°C for 20 min after 5-min rest. The control group (CG; 6 males, 6 females) was instructed to sit on the chair for 20 min after 5-min rest. (2) Evaluation of MFs: MF was evaluated using the following parameters: long sitting reach (LSR), grips (GP), quadriceps power, stick reaction, and functional reach (FR). MF was evaluated before the rest period (pre-MF) and after load application (post-MF). The results obtained from pre-MF and post-MF assessments were compared. (3) Measurement of tympanic membrane temperature (TM temp) : TM temp was measured every 1 min duimg load application and after the rest period.
Result
 TM temp: Significant increase in the TM temp in the FBG was observed at 18 min in the males and at 20 min in females.
 MF before and after FB: (1) Analysis of all 26 cases: There was no significant difference betweenthe pre-MF and post-MF parameters in both the FBG and CG. (2) Analysis of the findings in males only: The post-FR value in the FBG increased significantly as compared to the pre-FR value, although there was no significant difference between the pre-MF and post-MF results in the CG. (3)Analysis of the findings in females only: In the FBG, post-LSR value increased and the post-GP value decreased significantly as compared to the corresponding values, although there was no significant difference between the pre-MF and post-MF in the CG.
Conclusion
 Our results suggest that FB improves MF in healthy volunteers. Gender ditiference should be considered while establishing effective FB treatment programs in Balneology.

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 部分浴により手、足、手足同時刺激を行うことで起こる自律神経系の変化を比較し、手浴と足浴の作用機序を考察した。健常成人男性 15名（24-53歳:31±10歳）を対象に、38°C 30分間の炭酸温水部分浴（モジュール攪拌型人工炭酸泉装置、溶存炭酸ガス濃度1100±100ppm、pH4.8）と淡水部分浴（pH7.4）を体験させ、その前5分間、最中、後10分間における生理的変化を測定した。部分浴としては、手浴、足浴、手足同時浴、さらに対照安静座位の7種類の実験を、それぞれを 1週間以上あけて無作為の順序で体験させた。生理的検査として、舌下温、鼓膜温、心拍変動、血圧、近赤外分光光度計による前額部血流、さらにレーザードプラーによる浸水部（足部）と非浸水部（僧帽筋部）の皮膚血流速度を測定した。
 その結果、手足同時浴では、炭酸温水でも淡水でも、足浴開始後 5-10分目には生理的変化を認めなかったが、後半の 30分目に舌下温と鼓膜温の有意な上昇、心拍数、脳血流、非浸水部の皮膚血流の増大を示した。
 炭酸温水浴では、部分浴開始後 5-10分目において、手浴と足浴とで相反する心拍変動の変化を認め、手足同時浴ではその変化は消失した。一方、淡水浴では、そのような手と足との差は認められなかった。部分浴開始後 15分目以降の浸水部皮膚血流についても、炭酸温水手浴と足浴とで有意差を認めたが、淡水手浴と足浴の間では差がなかった。
 以上、38°C、1100ppm 炭酸温水部分浴（手浴と足浴）において、開始直後の心拍変動や浴中の皮膚血流の変化に、手浴と足浴とで有意差が認められた。これは、浴液の pH や手浴と足浴の水圧の差などが、皮膚などの侵害受容イオンチャンネルの感度や反応性に影響し、体性自律神経反射や軸索反射の差を来すことで出現した可能性が示唆された。今後の詳細な研究の価値が支持された。

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