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Volume 26 (1982)
- Issue 4 Pages 213-
- Issue 3 Pages 149-
- Issue 2 Pages 91-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 26, Issue 3
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Tamotsu MURAI, Takuji ISHII1982 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 149-154
Published: August 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFlower thrips were reared on pollens and honey solution through thin membranes in glass vessels. Both sides of the glass vessels were covered with stretched Sealonfilm(R) membranes on which the thrips and pollens (of tea, pear, strawberry, tulip and pine) were placed. A drop of 10% honey solution was placed on the membrane and covered with another membrane to allow the insects to feed on the solution and lay eggs in it. Without pollen, young larvae of Frankliniella intonsa were unable to grow and adult females laid only a few eggs. The larval and pupal growth by artificial rearing was better than that on strawberry leaves and tomato fruits. The rate of emergence was higher than 85%. Thrips hawaiiensis could be also reared by the same method. Owing to the presence of pollens, flower thrips could lay large numbers of eggs and complete their whole life cycle. Mass rearing of flower thrips is practically possible by this method.View full abstractDownload PDF (1363K) -
Takashi EMORI, Hirosi SUGIYAMA1982 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 155-159
Published: August 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOral toxicity of Dimethoate to adults of the yellow-spotted longicorn beetle reached the value of LD50 0.88μg/g and was two hundred and fifty times higher than that to the larvae (LD50 220μg/g). Insecticidal effect of Dimethoate granules applied in soil ploughed to mulberry trees on the adult beetles persisted for 7 days at 6g the application rate of per tree equivalent to 6kg/10a), for 20 days at a rate of 12.5g and 40 days at a rate of 25g and 50g. The residues of Dimethoate in mulberry leaves amounted to 2.0ppm at the application rate of 6g per tree, to 1.5ppm at a rate of 12.5g, to 6.0ppm at a rate of 25g and to 7.8ppm at a rate of 50g, respectively, after 10 days of soil application. After 30 days of the application, the residual level of Dimethoate was reduced to 1.5ppm, 1.9ppm, 3.1ppm and 4.0ppm, respectively.
The mulberry leaves from the tree to which Dimethoate granules had been applied killed newly hatched larvae of the silkworm except for the leaves from the tree treated with 6g of the chemical after 10 days of application. Second instar larvae showed slightly toxic symptoms with leaves treated with 25g and 50g per tree. The larvae over the 3rd instar showed identical toxic symptoms with the leaves treated with 50g of the chemical, but the cocooning of 5th instar larvae was normal. The mulberry leaves to which 25g and 50g of the chemical had been applied after 30 days of the application were slightly toxic to 5th instar larvae which were however able to produce a cocoon normally.View full abstractDownload PDF (621K) -
Yoshio MIYAHARA, Osamu SAITO1982 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 160-165
Published: August 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRearing method of Ostrinia furnacalis GUENEE which had been described previously by SAITO (1980), one of the present authors, was further improved. The artificial diet used and the rearing conditions, i.e. temperature of 26°C and 16L-8D conditions, were similar to those reported by SAITO. Rearing container was a petri dish 9cm in diameter in the first half of rearing and a plastic container, 20×14×8cm, in the latter half instead of the petri dish used by SAITO. Both in the petri dish and in the plastic container a trough was made on the surface of the diet to enable the larvae to bore into it easily, and in the plastic container corrugated cardboard strips were placed for pupation. Number of emerged moths was 116 to 75per container during three generations after the start of rearing and no deformed moth was observed. Development of newly hatched larvae to the time when 50per cent of them emerged took 27-28 days. No difference was found in the body weight of pupae reared by the new method and the previous one. Adult emergence rates were 66-80per cent and larval mortality occurred mainly during the former half period. Oviposition was made in a paper bag and mating rate of tested females was 62-89per cent. There were a few containers in which all the females emerged.View full abstractDownload PDF (2376K) -
Norio ARAKAKI, Fumiki TAKAHASHI1982 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 166-171
Published: August 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe oviposition preference of the rice weevil for unpolished, polished, parboiled-unpolished, and parboiled-polished rice was evaluated, and the factors causing the preference behavior were considered. The preference order was as follows: parboiled-unpolished rice>unpolished rice>parboiled-polished rice>polished rice. The degree of preference decreased with the increase of milling intensity of the rice grain. Weevils had a tendency to deposit the eggs on a particular area of the grain, especially on the embryonic part. When the grain was ground into powder, weevils did not deposit the eggs in the rice flour, while they did it on the pellets made of powdered rice. The eggs were deposited 1.7 times more often on the pellets of unpolished rice than on those of polished rice. When the methanol extract of rice bran was added to the pellets of polished rice flour, the rate of oviposition was higher than when no extract was present. It was considered that the aleurone layer and the embryo which are coated by the pericarp contained oviposition stimulating substances. Rice processing procedures, such as polishing and parboiling, affected the structure of the surface of rice grains and the distribution of substances within a grain determining the order of oviposition preference.View full abstractDownload PDF (810K) -
Mikio IGA1982 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 172-176
Published: August 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to obtain basic information for evaluating the suppression of the oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis, with methyl eugenol baits, the percentage of flies recaptured by a methyl eugenoltrap was estimated in different seasons. The percent recapture clearly increased with the trap density to a maximum of about 60% in 9 traps per ha. If no increase took place when the density of the traps increased, the most efficient density of traps was considered to be 9per ha, with an interval of 33m between the traps. The mean number of recaptures was 0.21per day and the rate of recapture did not show conspicuous variations during the period March-August.View full abstractDownload PDF (567K) -
Overwintering Sites and Stages of Scirtothrips dorsalis HOOD (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Tea FieldsToshitsugu OKADA, Iwao KUDÔ1982 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 177-182
Published: August 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOverwintering sites and stages of Scirtothrips dorsalis HOOD were observed at tea fields in Kanaya, Shizuoka Prefecture, Central Japan from November, 1979 to April, 1980. Since the adults were collected from sites located in the leaf zone, branch zone, litter and soil throughout winter, it is assumed that the thrips hibernate in the adult stage. The adults showed minimum level of activity for three months from mid-December to mid-March, but some were active in the tea crown throughout the winter. The larvae which moved from leaves to tree trunks or litter pupated there, and most of them became adults from November to December, at least before February. However, the larvae, prepupae and pupae were also able to hibernate if young leaves were available in mild winter. In the present observation litter was selected as the most suitable site for hibernation (64.4%), followed by the branch zone (16.2%), soil (12.5%) and leaf zone (6.9%), but preference of the thrips for the overwintering sites may vary with the conditions of the tea fields. The female/male ratio of the adult insects during January to February was about 3.4 in tea bushes, and about 2.5 in litter and soil. The adults which had overwintered emerged from litter and moved to the leaf zone in late March after a few days of high temperature. After feeding on and laying eggs in new leaves, most of the adults died before the end of April and some before middle May. The life span of the overwintering adults appears to be about five months.View full abstractDownload PDF (833K) -
Tosihiko HUKUHARA1982 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 183-187
Published: August 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPolyhedra of a nuclear-polyhedrosis virus of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea, were recovered from soil which had been artificially contaminated with the virus. The purification procedure was as follows. The contaminated soil was suspended in 0.1M sodium pyrophosphate to detach the adsorbed polyhedra and incorporated into an aqueous two-phase separation system consisting of dextran (δ=0.694dl/g) and polyethylene glycol 6, 000. The detached polyhedra entered the upper phase, while the larger soil particles entered the lower phase. The recovery rate of polyhedra in the upper phase was high when the composition of the biphasic system was near the binodial. The rate decreased with an increase in the amount of soil incorporated into the biphasic system but did not decrease very much when the degree of virus contamination was decreased. With the application of the same purification procedure, polyhedra of a nuclearpolyhedrosis virus of the fall webworm were recovered from soil in an area where the virus disease had occurred naturally in host populations. Indirect fluorescent antibody technique and staining with Buffalo black were used for the microscopical identification of the recovered polyhedra.View full abstractDownload PDF (1374K) -
Michihiro ODA, Tetsuya SUGIURA1982 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 188-193
Published: August 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAdults of Stathmopoda masinissa, one of the main pests attacking the Japanese persimmon, Diospyros kaki, mainly emerged at the time around sunset in both the 1st and 2nd periods of adult emergence. Mating behavior took place in the twilight before sunrise. Mating was usually performed once by both the male and the female. Some virgin females displayed calling behavior on the day of their emergence. In the 1st period of adult emergence, the percentage of females in the calling position increased to about 70% one day after emergence, while in the 2nd period of adult emergence, it remained at about 35% even two days after emergence. Calling behavior was not adopted when the temperature fell below 14°C. No male moth was caught in the virgin female trap when the wind velocity exceeded 2.0m per second. Marked male moths were caught in a virgin female trap which was separated by a distance of 20m from the release point, the percentage of recaptures in relation to the total number of moths released being 28.0% on an average.View full abstractDownload PDF (1897K) -
Tatsuaki SHIBUYA, Jun INOUCHI1982 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 194-195
Published: August 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Japanese dung beetle, Copris pecuarius, has a large number of olfactory sensilla in the periphery of the 7th and 8th segments of the antennae. The length of each sensillum ranges from 12 to 23μm and the diameter from 2.5 to 3μm at the base. The number of sensilla on the 7th segment varies from 1, 600 to 1, 900. Small olfactory pores are distributed on the surface of the sensilla. Olfactory cells in a sensillum reacted well to odor of cow dung and 2-butanone. Unitary impulses were 1 to 10mV in height and 2 to 2.5msec in duration.View full abstractDownload PDF (980K) -
Hiroshi SOEMORI, Hiroyuki KUBA, Isao TSUJI1982 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 196-198
Published: August 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMass-rearing procedure of the melon fly requires sifting of puae from the sawdust in which they pupated. The sifting of 1-to-2-day-old pupae reduced the eclosion rate and that of 3-to-4-day-old pupae was harmful to the flight ability of the adult which emerged, when the pupal duration lasted is 9 days at a rearing temperature of 25°C. The flight ability of the adult was not retarded after the 3rd day of eclosion in sifting lasting 1.5 and 10min, respectively. On the basis of these result, it was concluded that the pupae should not be sifted before the 5th day after pupation.View full abstractDownload PDF (409K) -
Michihiro ODA1982 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 198-200
Published: August 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (947K) -
Akira KONDO, Akio TAKAFUJI1982 Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 200-202
Published: August 25, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (368K)
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