Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
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Volume 10, Issue 1
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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  • Contribution to the Theory of Upper and Lower Bounds in Boundary Value Problems
    Hiroshi Fujita
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.1
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    In the present paper certain approximate methods concerning selfadjoint operators H of Hilbert spaces which can be expressed in the form H=T*T are developed. Some theorems are formulated with remarks and examples. They give a method of obtaining upper and lower bounds of the value of the solution, at each preassigned point, of a boundary value problem. As a numerical example we consider the following Poisson’s equation, −Δu=1 in D, u=0 on C, where D denotes the square domain in the xy-plane with vertices at (1, −1), (1, 1), (−1, 1), (−1, −1) and C is the boundary of this square. Upper and lower bounds of the value of the solution u at the origin are calculated. The result of the second approximation is 0.2939≤u(0, 0)≤0.2953.
    In order to show that the results are applicable to many problems, several differential operators familiar in mathematical physics, for instance, Laplace’s differential operators with different boundary conditions are reduced to the form T*T.
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  • Formation Energy of Superlattice in Ni3Fe (III)
    Kinetics of the Superlattice at the Formation Stage with Long Range Order
    Sh\={u}ichi Iida
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 9-22
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.9
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    The superlattice formation of Ni3Fe in steady temperature annealings (at 500°C, 480°C and 460°C) was studied by direct observation of the heat of evolution and by measurement of specific heat on heating after each treatment. The multiple-step character of formation process of this superlattice disappeared gradually by lowering the temperature of anneal. All results are plotted on the same internal energy-temperature plane. The diagram is well explained by our theoretical treatment of the process which divides the process into two steps, with and without the long range order. But there was found a process of the third type, which remains after the second process has been completed. This becomes more distinct when the annealing temperature is lowered. For instance, when the disordered specimen was rapidly cooled to 460°C, and annealed at this temperature, it was observed that the development of order looks as though it reaches an apparent saturation after about 80 hours annealing. But, measurements of specific heat on heating of the corresponding specimen showed that the internal energy of the specimen is about 170 cal/atom higher than that of true equilibrium state at 460°C. This type of process, which has a relaxation time of the order of a month, will presumably be related to the antiphase problem. The nucleation and antiphase problems in superlattice are also discussed. The specimen which was quenched from 700°C shows an anomalous generation of heats between 230°C and 420°C on heating. This will be an important phenomenon for the formation process of this superlattice.
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  • On the Mechanism of Aging in Aluminium-Silver Alloys, II. Nature of the Guinier-Preston Zone
    Ken-ichi Hirano, Hiroto Sakai
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 23-30
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.23
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    The process of the precipitation from supersaturated solid solution of aluminium containing from 5 to 53 weight % of silver, has been studied by the electrical resistance measurements. The discreteness between the low temperature- and the high temperature-aging has been reconfirmed. The nature of the Guinier-Preston zone, which is the product of the low temperature-aging, has been studied in detail and the correlated phenomena with it, such as the intermediate maximum observed in the isothermal low temperature-aging curve and the reversion phenomenon, have been satisfactorily interpreted in terms of the stability of the Guinier-Preston zone.
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  • Molecular Sound Velocity and Molecular Compressibility of Organic Halogen Compounds
    Otohiko Nomoto
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 31-35
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.31
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    Molecular compressibility W=(M⁄ρ)β−1⁄7 and molecular sound velocity R=(M⁄ρ)V1⁄3 were computed for organic halogen compounds employing existing ultrasonic velocity data and the halogen increments were obtained, also making use of the values of the molecular sound velocity and the halogen increments given by Lagemann, Evans, and McMillan. (M=molecular weight, ρ=density of the liquid, V=sound velocity in the liquid, β=adiabatic compressibility of the liquid). The deviation from additivity rules with respect to the constitutive elements of the molecule is some-what smaller for the molecular compressibility than for the molecular sound velocity, the percentage deviation for halogen increments of the molecular compressibility being about 1⁄2∼2⁄3 as compared with the percentage deviation for halogen increments of the molecular sound velocity.
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  • Interference Fringes in Electron Micrographs of Magnesium Oxide
    Tadatosi Hibi, Kyozaburo Kambe, Goro Honjo
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 35-46
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.35
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    The striations, or so called equal thickness fringes, appearing in electron micrographs of magnesium oxide, have been studied in detail. It was found that the spacing of the striations ranges from 50 to several hundred Ångstroms, depending on the index of reflexion, azimuth, and glancing angle. The explanation of the striations is given by the dynamical theory applied to a wedge-shaped crystal. Calculated spacings of the striations as a function of azimuth and glancing angle are compared with observed values, giving fairly good agreement. Some newly found crystal shapes other than cubic and the effect of simultaneous reflexions on the striations are also described.
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  • Integrated Intensities of the Diffracted and Transmitted X-rays due to ideally Perfect Crystal (Laue Case)
    Norio Kato
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 46-55
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.46
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    The analytical expressions of the integrated reflecting power and transmitting power of X-rays for absorbing perfect crystals are obtained as follows:
    The diffracted wave:
    RHy=e−μ0t·\fracπ2\left[2∑\limitsn=0∞J2n+1(2A)+I0(h)−1\ ight].
    The transmitted wave:
    RTy=e−μ0t·(−2π)\left[∑\limitsm=1∞mcosmβIm(h)\ ight]−RHy.
    In these formulae
    h=2A\sqrtk2+g2 and β=tan−1k⁄g.
    Jm is the first kind Bessel function of m-th order and Im is the modified Bessel function of m-th order, and the other notations are the same as those of Zachariasen’s text-book on X-ray diffraction (1944). A practical method of obtaining the numerical values of RHy and RTy, and calculated results are shown.
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  • Microwave Spectrum of SPCl3, Theoretical
    Takashi Itoh
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 56-59
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.56
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    The quadrupole hyperfine structure of the J=0→1 rotational spectrum of SPCl3 is calculated by the method of Bersohn and Mizushima and Itoh. Spectrum of excited vibrational states as well as of the ground state is considered. The theoretical spectrum consists of four groups of lines corresponding to the isotopic species SPCl335, SPCl235Cl37, SPCl35Cl237, and SPCl337. Asymmetric rotor lines of SPCl235Cl37 and SPCl35Cl237, which may appear in the frequency region concerned, are also examined. Discussions are given of the experimental results of the following article.
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  • Microwave Spectra of SPCl3, Experimental
    Kineo Tsukada
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 60-64
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.60
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    The microwave spectra of thiophosphoryl chloride, SPCl3, were studied within the frequency region from 2,600 Mc to 2,900 Mc with the cavity spectrometer, of which minimum detectable absorption coefficient was about 5×10−9 cm−1. Several absorption lines of the rotational transition of the symmetric and asymmetric top molecules were observed and their temperature effect examined.
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  • Development of Emulsions due to Self Nucleation
    Hiromu Wakeshima
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 65-70
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.65
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    Based on the formulae for the absolute rate of self-nucleation in condensed systems and also for the growth of droplets derived by the author, the process of development of emulsions in solutions supersaturated with dissolved liquid, when the meta-stable state is broken by self-nucleation, is approximately treated, in a way similar to that given previously. The relations giving such as the threshold condition for the appearance of turbidity and the number density of droplets are obtained.
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  • On the Radio Wave Propagation in a Stratified Atmosphere
    Ryozo Yamada
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 71-77
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.71
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    This paper deals with the development of Weber’s functions, and applying them the solution of the radio wave propagation is expressed in the form of the residue series, in the case when the modified index of refraction varies with height as a+bh+ch2.
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  • Study of the Second Order Transition Temperature of High Polymer by the Photoelastic Method
    Motozo Kaneko, Rokuro Murai, Kei Kishi, Dai Mori
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 78-79
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.78
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  • Supplementary Note to my Paper “ An Approximate Study on the Detached Shock Wave in front of a Circular Cylinder and a Sphere “
    Kinzo Hida
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 79B-81
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.79B
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  • Measurement of the Complex Permeability of Carbonyl Iron Powders at 4000 Mc/s
    Atsuo Nishioka, Hiroshi Okamoto
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 79A
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.79A
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  • Layer Growth of Artificial Graphite
    Takur\={o} Tsuzuku, Tsutomu Komoda
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 81-82
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.81
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  • Hall Effect and Electrical Conductivity of Lead Selenide
    Eiji Hirahara, Miyuki Murakami
    1955 Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 83
    Published: January 05, 1955
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.10.83
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