Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
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Volume 56, Issue 12
Displaying 1-50 of 64 articles from this issue
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  • A New Disordered Phase and Its Physical Contents of the Blume-Emery-Griffiths Model
    Takahito Kaneyoshi
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4199-4202
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4199
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    A new disordered phase which may correspond to the staggered quadrupolar phase predicted by the Monte Carlo simulation is found and investigated by the use of the effective-field theory with correlations. The phase occurs with competing bilinear and biquadratic interactions. In order to examine the physical contents of the phase, its magnetic behavior is studied under applied magnetic fields. Some interesting phenomena associated with the phase are found.
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  • Vortex Motion on a Sphere
    Yoshifumi Kimura, Hisashi Okamoto
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4203-4206
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4203
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    The theory of the vortex motion of two-dimensional incompressible inviscid flow on a sphere is presented. Vorticity and stream function, which are related by the Laplace-Beltrami operator, are initially outlined. Green’s function of the equation is obtained in which the stream function is expressed as an integral form. The equations of motion for two vortex models on a sphere are derived. In particular, the equation for vortex patches with constant vorticity is given in terms of the contour integral appropriate for the contour dynamics.
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  • On Integral Invariants for Vortex Motion under the Localized Induction Approximation
    Yasuhide Fukumoto
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4207-4209
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4207
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    Integral invariants associated with the motion of a vortex filament in an incompressible inviscid fluid are explored, under the assumption of localized induction. It is shown that the moment of the fluid impulse and the helicity are both invariant with respect to time. A sufficient condition for a closed filament to be unknotted is presented by using the concept of the total curvature of a closed curve.
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  • Lyapunov Spectrum of a Chaotic Model of Three-Dimensional Turbulence
    Michio Yamada, Koji Ohkitani
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4210-4213
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4210
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    A model equation of fully developed three-dimensional turbulence is proposed which exhibits the Kolmogorov’s similarity law in its chaotic state. The structure of the chaotic attractor is investigated by examining the Lyapunov spectrum for several values of viscosity. The Lyapunov spectrum has a scaling property in the interior of the attractor. It appears that the distribution function of the Lyapunov exponents has a singularity at a null Lyapunov exponent in the inviscid limit.
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  • Coupled Acoustic Modes in Tetragonal BaTiO3
    Takeo Ishidate, Shigeo Sasaki
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4214-4217
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4214
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    The dependence of the acoustic-phonon velocities in tetragonal BaTiO3 on the propagating direction in the (010) plane has been measured by means of Brillouin scattering. The behavior of the acoustic velocities is well interpreted by the coupled mode theory due to the interaction between the acoustic mode and the soft optic mode. The values of all elastic moduli except for C12 have been determined and the coupling strength is discussed.
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  • Accurate Estimation of the Dynamical Critical Exponent of the Two-Dimensional Kinetic Ising Model Based on the Ising Machine m-TIS
    Nobuyasu Ito, Makoto Taiji, Masuo Suzuki
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4218-4220
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4218
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    The dynamical critical exponent, z, of the two-dimensional kinetic Ising model is estimated by the Monte Carlo method using finite-size scaling. The Monte Carlo simulation is performed on a special-purpose computer system, m-TIS, designed and constructed by the present authors. The obtained value of z is 2.132±0.008. This result supports the conjecture by Racz and Collins that z is equal to 17/8 in the two-dimensional kinetic Ising model (Racz and Collins; Rhys. Rev. B13 (1976) 3074).
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  • Power-Series CAM Theory
    Masuo Suzuki
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4221-4224
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4221
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    A new method to estimate critical exponents is proposed based on power-series expansions and the basic idea of the coherent-anomaly method (CAM). The coherent anomalies of physical quantities such as the susceptibility, χ0, can be obtained by studying the zero for the first N polynomials of the power-series of the inverse of the relevant physical quantity, and by studying its critical coefficient near the zero point. The critical exponents are estimated on the basis of the general CAM theory. The Padé approximants are also combined with the CAM theory to estimate fractional critical exponents.
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  • Observation of Lattice Defects in Solid Helium by SR X-Ray Topography
    Izumi Iwasa, Hideji Suzuki, Tetsuo Nakajima, Shigeo Suzuki, Masami And ...
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4225-4228
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4225
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    Direct observation of lattice defects in solid helium-4 by SR X-ray is reported. A strong lattice distortion in a helium crystal caused by a pressure decrease in the sample cell in the course of the crystal growth was demonstrated. Recovery processes of the lattice distortion and the martensitic transformation from the hcp to the bcc structure were also observed.
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  • The Ground State for the Hubbard Model on Finite Frustrated Lattices
    Kazuhiro Sano, Ken’ichi Takano
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4229-4232
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4229
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    The Hubbard Hamiltonian with infinite on-site repulsion and negative transfer is diagonalized numerically on 3×3 frustrated lattices, such as the square lattice with next-nearest-neighbor transfer and the triangular lattice. The number of electrons is chosen to be less by just one electron than that in the exactly half-filled band. When the strength of the frustration is sufficiently large, a singlet state appears as the ground state. Then, the total spin of the lowest excited state is unity. There is an excitation gap for the square lattice but not for the triangular lattice.
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  • The Impurity Pinning of a Spin-Density Wave in One-Dimensional Interacting Electron Systems
    Yoshikazu Suzumura, Tetsuro Saso
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4233-4236
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4233
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    The effect of impurities on a spin-density wave (SDW) state in one-dimensional interacting electron systems is investigated by applying a phase representation and the theory of the weak impurity pinning. With the help of numerical simulation, it is shown that the pinned SDW is characterized by both a rapidly varying phase variable of the spin-density fluctuation and a slowly varying phase variable of the charge-density fluctuation. Based on this, the critical condition on the magnitude of interactions for localization-delocalization transition is determined by use of the self-consistent harmonic approximation.
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  • Exchange-Like Integrals Enhancing the Superconducting Transition Temperature in Copper Oxide Compounds
    Kunihiko Yamaji, Shuji Abe
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4237-4240
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4237
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    We developed a two-band model of superconductivity including the interband BCS-form matrix elements originating in the exchange-like integral, K, at each atomic site as well as the usual intraband BCS interactions and the on-site Coulomb energy, U. The mean field treatment in a few typical cases discloses that K is directly subtracted from U in the expression of the transition temperature, Tc, and that Tc is substantially enhanced by the interaction with K in the Cu oxide superconductors having multiple bands, if U is 1∼2 eV. Further, when the two bands are quasi-1D, the ladder and bubble diagrams divergently enhance the effect of K in elevating Tc. This effect is claimed to be the origin of Tc elevated up to 94 K and explains the precipitous decrease of Tc with a decrease of the oxygen content in the Y compounds. Also, super-high Tc in the metastable states becomes approachable.
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  • Superconductivity in (DMET)2AuCl2 and (DMET)2AuI2
    Koichi Kikuchi, Keizo Murata, Yoshiaki Honda, Takahisa Namiki, Kazuya ...
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4241-4244
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4241
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    An organic conductor, (DMET)2AuCl2, was found to undergo a superconducting transition at 0.83 K at ambient pressure. (DMET)2AuI2 on the other hand was found to undergo a superconducting transition at 0.55 K at a pressure of 5 kbar. At ambient pressure, however, it appeared to undergo metal-insulator transition at about 20 K. The electrical properties suggested that the superconducting phase was located next to that of a spin-density wave. The transition to field-induced SDW phases could not be detected by applying a magnetic field up to 5 kOe, in contrast to TMTSF salts.
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  • Angular Dependence of the Upper Critical Field of Superconducting Superlattices
    Kenji Takanaka
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4245-4246
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4245
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    Using Takahashi-Tachiki’s theory and a perturbation method, we qualitatively show that dHc2(θ)⁄dθ does not vanish at θ=0, in agreement with the experimental results. Here, Hc2(θ) is the upper critical field of the superconducting superlattices and θ is the angle of the direction of the magnetic field measured from the layer plane of the superlattices.
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  • Theory of High Tc Superconductivity
    Takeo Izuyama
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4247-4250
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4247
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    It is shown that the holes in a two-dimensional electron lattice with antiferromagnetic spin order create a super-conducting ground state of a new type. It is pointed out that the holes must be bound in pairs. The crucial point is that the bound holes are more mobile than the free holes. The bound holes are charged bosons, which give rise to superconductivity. It is this that appears to be the underlying mechanism of newly discovered superconductivity in La1.8Sr0.2CuO4 and also in YBa2Cu3O6.9.
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  • Magnetic Properties of a Heavy Fermion Substance CeInCu2 with a Cubic Structure
    Yoshichika \={O}nuki, Takashi Yamazaki, Atsuhisa Kobori, Takehiko Omi, ...
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4251-4254
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4251
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    We have grown a single crystal of CeInCu2 and have confirmed that it is the first known heavy fermion substance with a cubic structure in Ce compounds. The specific heat coefficient is about 1.2 J/mol·K2 below 1 K.
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  • Magnetic Properties of YBa2(Cu1−xFex)3Oy
    Eiji Sakagami, Yasukage Oda, Yoshihiro Yamada, Takao Kohara, Kunisuke ...
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4255-4258
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4255
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    The static magnetic susceptibility of YBa2(Cu1−xFex)3Oy in the normal state was measured for both slowly cooled superconducting specimens and quenched semiconductor-like specimens. The susceptibility is found to be expressed by the sum of the Curie-Weiss term and a temperature-independent paramagnetic term, χ0, for both types of specimen. The Curie constant and χ0 increase with an increasing iron concentration. No anomaly showing magnetic ordering was observed.
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  • Antiferroelectricity along the b-Axis in Ferroelectric Rb2CoBr4
    Toshihisa Yamaguchi, Haruhiko Suzuki, Fuminao Shimizu, Shozo Sawada
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4259-4260
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4259
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    It was found that Rb2CoBr4 exhibits antiferroelectricity along the b-axis in the phase below −175°C.
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  • A Possible Mechanism in the High-Tc Superconductivity Reflected on the Photoconductivity
    Taizo Masumi, Hidetoshi Minami
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4261-4264
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4261
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    A series of experimental evidences has been recently established on “the Correlations of Novel Spectral Photoconductivity with Superconductivity” in the La2–Cu1–Oz, Y1–Cu2–Oz, and Y3−x–Bax–Cu3–O9−y systems, which clearly feature the excitons and polarons in the Cu2O-like part in these systems with various degrees of oxygen deficiency. On the basis of these results as the silhouette induced by photoexcitation, we propose here a possibility of the realistic mechanism of the formations of pairs and eventually of “a coherent ensemble of united polarons and excitons” in the ground state of the high-Tc superconductivity. We condense our idea into a term of “the exciton-mediated bipolarons”.
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  • The Boson Operator Approach to Schur-Functions and Its Use for Description of Higher Order K-P Equations
    Masao Nomura
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4265-4273
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4265
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    Boson operator realization of Schur-functions, exploited in previous works, is developed further. The operator of the present concern is a cluster of creation (or annihilation) operators, and behaves itself as a generalized Young diagram. The boson operator formalism is utilized to reexpress higher order Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (K-P) equations in terms of Schur-functions. A compact presentation of the order n≤10 equations is proposed.
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  • Conserved Quantities for Spin Models and Fermion Models
    Eugenio Olmedilla, Miki Wadati
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4274-4284
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4274
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    Based on the quantum inverse scattering method, we present a systematic method to derive the conserved quantities (conserved operators) for integrable quantum systems. For spin models and fermion models, we show that the transfer matrix is put into a product form from which we readily have a sequence of conserved quantities. In particular, we explicitly give higher conserved quantities for the one-dimensional Hubbard model.
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  • Discrete Two-Dimensional Toda Molecule Equation
    Ryogo Hirota
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4285-4288
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4285
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    A discrete analogue of the two-dimensional Toda molecule equation is obtained, which is expressed as follows
    ΔxΔyQn(x, y)=Vn+1(x, y)−Vn(x+δ, y)−Vn(x, y+ε)+Vn−1(x+δ, y+ε),
    where
    Vn(x, y)=(δε)−1 log [1+δε exp [Qn(x, y)]],
    with the boundary conditions V0(x, y)=Vn+1(x, y)=0. The symbol Δz denotes the forward difference operator with respect to z, and δ and ε are parameters relating to intervals. Exact solutions to it are expressed with Casorati determinants.
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  • Spin Depolarization of Particles in Tunneling Models with Dynamical Disorder
    K. W. Kehr, Kazuo Kitahara, Koji Okamura
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4289-4296
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4289
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    The spin depolarization of a spin-carrying particle which can tunnel between two sites is investigated. The sites have different Zeeman energies and dynamical fluctuations are included in the frame of the Haken-Strobl model. Different behavior of the polarization decay is found depending on the strength of the site-diagonal and offdiagonal fluctuations. Also the ensemble average over distributions of the Zeeman energies is studied.
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  • Transient, Laminar, Free-Forced Convection with Mass Transfer over a Vertical Plate
    Vijay K. Garg
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4297-4305
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4297
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    A numerical analysis of the transient, laminar, combined free and forced convection over an isothermal vertical plate subjected to a step change in temperature and concentration is presented. Density variation due to temperature and concentration differences is described by the Boussinesq approximation. The problem is found to be characterised by five dimensionless groups, namely, a buoyancy ratio parameter, a forced-free convection parameter, a viscous dissipation parameter, and the Prandtl and Schmidt numbers. The coupled nonlinear partial differential equations are solved numerically using a fully implicit finite difference scheme. An iterative procedure along with relaxation is used to solve the sets of nonlinear simultaneous equations. Results are presented for various values of the governing parameters. In the case of free convection alone, a temporal minimum is observed for both the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers due to an overshoot phenomenon in the transient velocity, temperature and concentration profiles. However, the difference between the temporal minimum and the steady state values is less than 4 percent.
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  • Nonlinear Modulated Gravity Wave on a Liquid Layer with Random Inhomogeneous Depth
    Isamu Nakata
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4306-4311
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4306
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    Nonlinear modulated gravity wave on a liquid layer with random inhomogeneous depth is investigated for a case of long wavelength. By means of nonlinear perturbation method, a modified form of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation for a complex amplitude of the wave is derived. It is shown that the randomness of the depth not only causes amplitude damping and shifts of wavelength and phase velocity but also destroys the periodicity of a nonlinear wave train.
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  • Electron Energy Distribution in Nitrogen Plasma in Various Discharges
    Hiroshi Amemiya, Shigeru Ono, Shinriki Teii
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4312-4328
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4312
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    Electron energy distribution in nitrogen plasma is studied to clarify the condition of dip formation by the resonant vibrational excitation of N2 in several types of discharges: in diffusion and glow plasmas in a glass tube, in a multipole minimum-B type plasma, in diffusion and glow mode plasmas in a large volume space chamber and in an electron cyclotron resonance plasma. It is found that the dip appears when the mean energy of thermal electrons is in a range from 0.8 to a few eV. When the mean energy is lower than 0.5 eV or higher than 8 eV, the dip is not detectable. Mechanism of the dip formation is discussed and the depth of the dip is compared with previous theoretical results.
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  • Effect of Ionic Temperature on Ion-Acoustic Solitons in a Two-Electron—Temperature Plasma with Adiabatic Positive and Negative Ions and Isothermal Electrons
    R. Virupakshi Reddy, S. G. Tagare
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4329-4335
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4329
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    Ion-acoustic Solitons in a collisionless two-electron-temperature plasma with adiabatic positive and negative ions with equal ion temperature and isothermal electrons are studied by using the reductive perturbation method. The basic set of fluid equations are reduced for fast ion-acoustic wave to the Korteweg-de Vries and modified Korteweg-de Vries equation and for slow ion-acoustic wave to the Korteweg-de Vries equation and solutions of these equations are obtained. The effect of ionic temperature, negative ions and small concentration of a cooler electron component on the amplitude and width of fast and slow ion-acoustic solitons is investigated.
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  • A New Method for Analyzing an Anisotropic Velocity Distribution in ICRF-Heated Plasmas
    Takayuki Morishita, Atsushi Fukuyama, Yoichiro Furutani
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4336-4346
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4336
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    A new approximation method has been devised, for analyzing a time evolution of the resonant-ion velocity distribution during the ion cyclotron heating of a plasma. A strong anisotropy of the wave-induced high energy tail is described by the expansion in terms of the parallel velocity moments. A portion of higher order terms is retained in order that the Maxwellian be a steady state solution, with no RF power. Numerical analysis confirms that the velocity distribution is close to that obtained from the full two-dimensional analysis and that a computation time is reduced considerably. An applicable range of the RF power density is much wider than that found by other approximation methods.
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  • Spatial Evolution of Ion Beams Passing through a Multiple Magnetic Mirror Field
    Tetsu Mieno, Rikizo Hatakeyama, Noriyoshi Sato
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4347-4356
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4347
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    Measurements are carried out in order to investigate characteristic features of ion beams injected into a multiple mirror configuration of magnetic field. Under the condition of spatial ion cyclotron resonance, there appears a drastic transfer of the beam energy into the transverse direction, as predicted theoretically. Spatial variations of the ion energy distribution are demonstrated to clarify details of the phenomenon.
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  • Magneto-Acoustic Wave in a Cold Collisionless Plasma with Random Inhomogeneous Density Distribution
    Isamu Nakata
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4357-4360
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4357
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    Magneto-acoustic wave propagating perpendicularly to an external magnetic field in a cold collisionless plasma with random inhomogeneous density distribution is investigated. By means of the binary collision approximation, an equation for the amplitude of the wave is derived and it is found that, due to the randomness of the density distribution, the amplitude of the wave is damped, the wavelength is extended and the speed of the wave is increased.
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  • Production of a Multispecies Ion Beam by a Plasma Focus
    Katsumi Hirano, Toshikazu Yamamoto
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4361-4366
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4361
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    A method to operate a plasma focus device for a laboratory use of a multispecies ion beam source is described. A time-resolved observation of the beam is carried out by developing a Thomson parabola ion analyzer with a detecting system consisting of an MCP (microchannel plate) with multianodes. An ion beam, in which energy of each component distributes from 80 to 350 keV and the pulse duration of the components are ∼20 ns in FWHM is obtained, when a mixture of H2 and D2 gas are adopted. Using the multispecies ion beam and the Thomson parabola analyzer, the electron multiplication factor of the MCP is simultaneously obtained for each species.
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  • Relativistic Shock Wave
    Yukiharu Ohsawa
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4367-4376
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4367
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    Perpendicular shock waves in rather strong magnetic fields (ωce\gtrsimωpe) are studied by a 1–2/2 dimension (one dimension in real space and three dimension in velocity space), fully relativistic, fully electromagnetic particle simulation with full ion and electron dynamics. In that parameter regime relativistic effects become important in fast magnetosonic shock waves, even if the thermal speeds of ions and electrons in the upstream region are much smaller than the speed of light; a shock wave can trap some ions and promptly accelerate them to relativistic energies. Furthermore, with the mechanism different from that of ions, some electrons also gain relativistic energies through interactions with strong electric fields in the shock region. By showing various simulation results, we discuss the acceleration proccsses in detail.
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  • EXAFS Studies on the Local Structure of Phase Transition in Fe–Pt Invar Alloys. I. Premartensitic Phenomenon
    Hiroshi Maruyama, Kazushi Shirai, Hironobu Maeda, Wan-Li Liu, Osamu Ya ...
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4377-4387
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4377
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    Extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) measurements were carried out on ordered and disordered Fe–Pt alloys near the γ-α phase boundary in the temperature range 20–800 K. EXAFS spectra were analyzed by the method of Fine Adjustment Based on Model (FABM) proposed by Teo et al., in order to determine the local structure with high precision. The interatomic distance of Pt–Fe pair shows expansion below Tc with decreasing temperature, which corresponds quite well to the Invar effect. In the interatomic distance of Pt–Pt pair, anomalous expansion is observed, starting from a relatively high temperature. We regard it as first direct observation on the local-structure change resulting from the premartensitic transformation. As for the local-structure change, no essential difference is recognized between the ordered and disordered Fe–Pt alloys.
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  • X-Ray Study of Thermal Parameters of NH4H2PO4 and ND4D2PO4 in the Paraelectric Phase
    Takanori Fukami, Shin Akahoshi, Kenzi Hukuda, Toshirou Yagi
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4388-4392
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4388
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    Thermal parameters of P and N atoms of the antiferroelectric NH4H2PO4 (ADP) and the deuterated isomorphous ND4D2PO4 (DADP) have been observed as a function of temperature in the paraelectric (PE) phase. The thermal parameters U33P and U11N of both ADP an DADP show linear temperature-dependence indicating positive intercepts at T=0 K and the values of intercept for DADP are larger than those for ADP. The parameter U11P of DADP also has a positive intercept at 0 K in contrast with that of ADP which becomes zero as T→0 K. By the comparison with the structural data of the potassium salts (KH2PO4 and KD2PO4) reported by Nelmes et al., it is concluded that the dipole moment of the ammonium ions polarized along the a(b) axis plays an essential role in the antiferroelectric phase transition.
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  • Structure Analysis of the Phase Transition in KSCN
    Seishi Yamamoto, Makoto Sakuno, Yasuhiro Shinnaka
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4393-4399
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4393
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    Crystal structures of KSCN are investigated with an X-ray diffraction method at several temperatures in the orthorhombic and the tetragonal phases. The nature of the order-disorder transition for SCN− ions is confirmed above and below the transition temperature. Thermal motion of K+ ions shows a high anharmonicity in the a-b plane of the tetragonal unit cell. The spontaneous displacement of K+ in the orthorhombic phase correlates to the order parameter of SCN−. It is suggested that the phase transition is explained by the orientation-phonon coupling system.
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  • Correlation Effects on the Phonons Localized around a Soliton or a Polaron in Polyacetylene
    Kenji Yonemitsu, Yoshiyuki Ono, Yasushi Wada
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4400-4407
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4400
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    Structures of phonon modes are investigated, when there is a charged soliton, a spin soliton or a polaron in trans-polyacetylene. Electron correlations are considered in the form of the on-site and nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsions, in addition to the electron-phonon Hamiltonian by Su, Schrieffer and Heeger. The Hartree-Fock approximation is used. All the localized phonons, previously found in the SSH model, survive the electron correlations so far as the ground states are in the bond order wavestate. Their frequencies are shifted by the correlations. In most cases, the shift by the on-site repulsion is in the opposite direction to that by the nearest-neighbor repulsion. A charged soliton gives the frequency shifts which are in the opposite direction to those by a spin soliton.
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  • On Phase Diagram of CsH2PO4 with Pseudo One-Dimensional Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Ordering
    Yoshihiro Ishibashi
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4408-4413
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4408
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    On making use of the combinatorial method for evaluating entropy, a free energy function is derived to explain ferroelectric and antiferroelectric phase transitions in CsH2PO4 crystal which has one-dimensional hydrogen-bond chains. In addition to the pressure vs temperature phase diagram, the applied electric field vs temperature phase diagram in case of the antiferroelectric phase transition is discussed. The dielectric hysteresis loops in the antiferroelectric phase are presented.
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  • Theory of Ferroelastic Phase Transition in NaCN, KCN and RbCN
    Eizo Ohno
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4414-4422
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4414
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    The ferroelastic phase transition in NaCN, KCN and RbCN is studied theoretically based on the coupling between the lattice strains and the rotational degrees of freedom of CN molecules. The strains of Eg and T2g symmetries couple nonlinearly in the free energy through the rotational states of the CN molecule. The rotational states of the CN molecule in [100] directions are included as well as those in [110] and [111] directions to describe the phase transition in NaCN, and the temperature dependence of the elastic constants C11−C12 and C44 are compared with the experimental result in good agreement. The possible types of transition sequences are also examined in the parameter space.
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  • Impurity Effects on Strain-Confined Electron-Hole Liquid in Germanium I. Photoluminescence Studies on Recombination Dynamics
    Kensuke Ogawa, Tyuzi Ohyama, Eizo Otsuka
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4423-4432
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4423
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    This paper deals with impurity effects on recombination dynamics within strain confined electron-hole liquid (SCEHL) in Ge, based on time-resolved measurements of photoluminescence intensity. Double acceptors, Be and Zn, are taken as well as single acceptor In. The double acceptors strongly accelerate non-radiative recombination with SCEHL. At 1.8 K, recombination rate per impurity is 7.2×10−10 cm3 s−1 for Be, and 2.6×10−10 cm3 s−1 for Zn. These are more than ten times as large as that for In, 2.2×10−11 cm3 s−1. Especially, recombination through Be impurity is due to multiphonon-emission process. The Mott criterion is introduced as a qualitative measure for the difference between the double and the single acceptors. Free-exciton capture cross section by Be or In impurity is also derived.
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  • Impurity Effects on Strain-Confined Electron-Hole Liquid in Germanium II. Millimeter-Wave Studies on Transport Phenomena
    Kensuke Ogawa, Tyuzi Ohyama, Eizo Otsuka
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4433-4441
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4433
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    From millimeter-wave dimensional resonance experiments, double acceptors, Be and Zn, are found to remarkably increase carrier scattering within strain-confined electron-hole liquid in Ge. Scattering rate of Be impurity is 4.2×10−4 cm3s−1 both for electrons and f or holes, while that of Zn impurity is 1.0×10−4 cm3s−1 for electrons and 2.3×10−4 cm3s−1 for holes at 1.6 K. These values are larger than the rate for the single acceptor, In, 4.9×10−4 cm3s−1. Such a result is interpreted by the Mott criterion in accordance with recombination result obtained by photoluminescence measurements. Temperature dependence of Be-induced scattering rate yields log T behavior. One possible explanation would be a kind of Kondo effect due to the atomic motion of Be impurity.
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  • Numerical-Basis-Set LCAO Method Using Gaussian-Fitting of Orbitals Potential
    Noriyuki Kurita, Kenji Nakao
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4442-4454
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4442
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    A new procedure is presented for the ab-initio self-consistent calculation of the band structure of complex crystals. This is based on the numerical-basis-set LCAO method and the norm-conserving pseudopotential in the local-density-functional formalism. For the sake of abbreviating the computational time, the basis functions and the crystal potential are expressed in terms of Gaussian-type functions, so that most of the matrix elements can be calculated analytically. The band structures of graphite and hexagonal BN are calculated by using this method, and the results reproduce those calculated by other methods very well.
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  • Self-Consistent Band Structure of Layered Semiconductor ZnPS3
    Noriyuki Kurita, Kenji Nakao
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4455-4465
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4455
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    The band structure of zinc chalcogeno-phosphate ZnPS3 is calculated self-consistently by the numerical-basis-set LCAO method using the Gaussian-fitted basis functions and the norm-conserving pseudopotential. The main features are the following: the indirect band gap is 2.0 eV; the higher valence bands and the lower conduction bands originate mainly from the S 3p states and the Zn 4s, P 3s, S 3px and S 3py states, respectively; the Zn 3d band splits into two narrow groups and each of them lies at 7.0 eV and 8.1 eV below the top of the valence band. The self-consistent valency of each ion is Zn1.3+P0.7+S0.7−(S0.65−)2.
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  • A New Self-Consistent Band Structure of C8K
    Seiji Mizuno, Hisashi Hiramoto, Kenji Nakao
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4466-4476
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4466
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    The electronic structure of C8K is investigated by using the self-consistent numerical-basis-set LCAO method within the local-density-functional formalism. It is found that the graphite π* bands are split in C8K and some of them go down below the Fermi energy. As a result there exist three-dimensional Fermi surfaces originating from graphite π* bands in the center of the Brillouin zone. This is due to the charge unbalance between environmentally non-equivalent carbon atoms in a graphite layer, which is produced by the potassium atoms. The new band structure is shown consistent with recent experiments of optical spectra.
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  • Self-Consistent Mean-Field Theory for Interacting Electrons in Three-Dimensional Deformable Lattice
    Yuzo Shinozuka
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4477-4488
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4477
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    The ground state properties are investigated of a three-dimensional many-electron system with short range electron-electron (e-e) repulsion U, site diagonal electron-lattice (e-L) interaction S and half of the unperturbed electronic band width T. Being the system considered as a random four-component alloy with respect to the effective potential for spin up or down electrons and treating the lattice classically, it is possible to calculate ground state properties for any values of parameters: T, U, S and the electron number. With obtained phase diagrams in the T-U-S triangle, we discuss a variety of possible phases, local spin- and charge-densities, phase transitions, band gap width of insulating phase and structural change. The difference in the half-filled electron case and non-half-filled cases is also discussed in connection with the electron-hole symmetry and the different role of e-e and e-L interactions in metal-insulator transition.
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  • Structural Phase Transition and Acoustic de Haas-van Alphen Effect of SmCu6
    Daizo Endoh, Terutaka Goto, Takashi Suzuki, Tadao Fujimura, Yoshichika ...
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4489-4494
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4489
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    Ultasonic investigation on SmCu6 has been performed. The observed pronounced softening of the elastic constant C66 indicates the structural phase transition from orthorhombic D2h16 to monoclinic C2h5 phases at 64 K. The details of the acoustic de Haas-van Alphen oscillations of the longitudinal sound velocities have been investigated.
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  • 63Cu NMR Study of Superconducting Cu/Nb Multilayer-Film
    Ryozo Aoki, Guo-qing Zheng, Yoh Kohori, Yasukage Oda, Kunisuke Asayama ...
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4495-4502
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4495
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    Nuclear spinlattice relaxation time T1 of 63Cu was measured by the field cycling method in a Cu/Nb multilayer sample, which was prepared by rf-sputtering alternately deposited in each 50 layers of Cu and Nb with thicknesses of 400 Å and 245 Å. As the temperature T is lowerd below the superconducting transition temperature Tc=4.6 K, the spin relaxation rate T1−1 initially increases and then rapidly decreases. This behavior indicates the existence of superconducting energy gap 2Δ(0)=0.96 meV=2.4kBTc in Cu. Below 0.8 K, the rapid exponential decrease in T1−1 is followed by a gradual change almost proportional to T.
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  • Novel Aspect of the Critical Temperature of One-Dimensional Charge-Density-Wave Superconductors
    Yoshikazu Suzumura, Yutaka Okabe, A. D. S. Nagi
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4503-4509
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4503
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    Role of charge density waves (CDW) on the superconducting (SC) transition temperature, Tc, in a one-dimensional model is investigated by examining the relation between the insulating gap induced by the CDW and the band filling. In contrast to the fact that the gap destroys the SC state, it is shown that the CDW formation results in the Tc enhancement due to the increase of the density of states when the gap edge exists near the Fermi point. Further the degree of the Tc enhancement is examined in the presence of the CDW fluctuation.
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  • Critical Fields for Superconductors with Cylindrical Shape and for Superconductors with Cylindrical Cavity
    Kenji Takanaka
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4510-4515
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4510
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    The linearized Ginzburg-Landau equation for the order parameter of superconductors with cylindrical shape and of superconductors with cylindrical cavity is solved to obtain a numerical relation between the magnetic field H and the eigenvalue E when a magnetic field is applied parallel to the cylindrical axis. Using the H-E relation, we calculate the temperature dependence of the critical field Hc3 for the dirty type II superconductors.
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  • Magnetic Property and Electrical Resistivity of NdAg1−xInx
    Katsuma Yagasaki, Makio Kurisu, Hideoki Kadomatsu, Hironobu Fujii, Hir ...
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4516-4521
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4516
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    The magnetization and electrical resistivity measurements have been performed on NdAg1−xInx (0≤x≤0.8) with the CsCl type structure. The compound for x≤0.05 has only one antiferromagnetic ordered phase. The ferromagnetism appears at 0.05<x≤0.6 accompanied by a metamagnetism below Tf which is about half as high as TC. All the compound with 0.6≤x≤0.8 has two antiferromagnetic phases below Ta and between Ta and TN. The ferromagnetic moment is as large as 2.2 μB indicating the Γ8 is the ground state but the paramagnetic moment above 77 K corresponds to the value of Nd3+ free ion. In the electrical resistivity, the temperature gradient changes at TC and TN, and the magnitude changes at Tf and Ta where the temperature hysteresis is not observed.
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  • Susceptibility of a Magnetic Impurity in Weakly Localized Regime
    Seiichiro Suga, Hideaki Kasai, Ayao Okiji
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4522-4531
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4522
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    Interplay between the randomness and the s-d exchange interaction is investigated theoretically in the weakly localized regime through the temperature dependence of the susceptibility. In the first half the analytic calculations are performed perturbatively in terms of the s-d exchange coupling constant. It is shown that the quantum corrections to the susceptibility construct geometric series and can be summed up as simple formulae within the framework of the most divergent approximation. In the second half the numerical calculations are performed with the use of the self-consistent ladder approximation. It is shown that the effective Curie constant decreases more rapidly with decreasing the temperature than that in the usual Kondo systems.
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  • Pressure Dependence of Magnetic Transition Temperatures and Lattice Parameter in an Antiferromagnetic Ordered Alloy Mn3Pt
    Hiroyuki Yasui, Takejiro Kaneko, Hajime Yoshida, Shunya Abe, Kazuo Kam ...
    1987 Volume 56 Issue 12 Pages 4532-4539
    Published: December 15, 1987
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.4532
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    The ordered alloy Mn3Pt is an antiferromagnet (AF) which shows an AF(D)–AF(F) transition at TC=365 K below the Néel temperature of the F phase TN(F) of 475 K. The pressure dependence of magnetic transition temperatures was studied up to 9.8 kbar. By application of pressure, TN(F) decreases with dTN(F)⁄dP=−7 K/kbar and TC increases with dTC⁄dP=14 K/kbar. Above 3.2 kbar, the antiferromagnetic F phase disappears, only the D phase appears and its Néel temperature TN(D) increases with dTN(D)⁄dP=5 K/kbar with further increase in pressure. The pressure dependence of lattice parameter was measured up to 52 kbar. The volume compressibility was obtained to be 0.9×10−3 kbar−1. The magnetic transition temperature vs pressure and lattic parameter phase diagrams were determined.
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