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Eiko Takekoshi, Zyun-Itir\={o} Matsumoto, Mitsuhiko Ishii, Kazusuke Su ...
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
587-605
Published: May 05, 1964
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The level scheme of Sm
146 fed from (4.59±0.03)-days Eu
146 has been investigated with scintillation spectrometers, beta-ray spectrometers, gamma-gamma and Ke
−-gamma coincidences, and directional correlation techniques. From the measurements of internal conversion electrons, several new transitions were found in addition to those reported by the previous workers. Levels in Sm
146 were established at the following energies: 750 (2
+), 1387, 2056, 2287, 2448 and 2686 keV, and also 1654 and 1820 keV. Besides these, about 10 levels were postulated on the basis of energy, intensity and coincidence considerations. From analysis of the positrons and from the fact of absence of crossover transition to the ground state, the spin-parity of the second-excited level at 1387 keV was expected to be 4
+. This assignment, however, was not consistent with the results of the directional correlation measurement for the de-excitation gamma-ray cascade and the
K-conversion coefficient for the transition proceeding from the second state to the first state.
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Yohko Awaya, Yoshihiko Tendow
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
606-613
Published: May 05, 1964
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The decay of Zr
86 has been studied with scintillation techniques and a magnetic beta-spectrometer. Besides the previously reported (247±2) keV gamma-ray, new (615±5) and (32±3) keV gamma-rays have been found. The relative intensities of the 32, 247 and 615 keV gamma-rays are ∼25, 100 and 7±2, respectively, The
K⁄(
L+
M) ratio and K conversion coefficient of the 247 keV transition are (6.1±0.3) and (1.4±1.5)×10
−2, respectively. The half-life of Zr
86 has been determined as (16.5±0.1) h. The decay scheme of Zr
86 is discussed on the basis of these results. A new (2.2±0.1) MeV gamma-ray of Zr
87 has been found and the (1.2±0.05) MeV gamma-ray of Zr
87 and the (1.7±0.1) MeV gamma-ray of Zr
86 has been confirmed.
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Masao Shimizu, Atsushi Katsuki
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
614-617
Published: May 05, 1964
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From the linear relation in a plot of the NMR shift and the magnetic susceptibility for metallic platinum as a function of temperature, the contribution of the orbital paramagnetism of d-electrons to the shift is deduced. The values of the orbital paramagnetic susceptibility and molecular field coefficient for platinum metal is also deduced by making use of the value of 〈
r−3〉 for platinum atom. A short remark on the definition of the NMR shift in metal is given.
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Michio Kiritani
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
618-631
Published: May 05, 1964
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The existence of three dimensional defects, voids, is confirmed in quenched pure aluminum with an electron microscope. Influences of other defects on the formation of voids and dislocation loops are examined. Specific conditions of quenching temperature, quenching rate, aging temperature, and specimen size for the formation of voids and dislocation loops are determined experimentally.
The differences in the type of secondary defects and in their size and density are explained from the size of migrating defects which changes with quenching rate and quenching temperature, and from the growth ability of the nuclei which changes with shape and aging temperature. Local irregularity of the distribution of the secondary defects is also explained. The effect of quenching stress is considered.
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Kazuo Gesi, Yutaka Takagi
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
632-639
Published: May 05, 1964
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Single crystals of sodium nitrite were irradiated with Co
60 gamma-ray and radiation-induced change in dielectric properties were measured. The depression of the Curie temperature, the decrease of the maximum dielectric constant, the increase of the coercive field, the appearance of weak double hysteresis loop, the increase of the electrical conductivity and the change in its activation energy were observed as the results of the irradiation. The optical absorption spectrum of the irradiated specimen showed a broad band about 400 mμ which was assigned to neutral nitrite.
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F. E. Fujita
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
640-651
Published: May 05, 1964
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From the analysis of experiments on the precipitation of carbon in α-iron, it is suggested that the idea of chemical rate process is applicable to precipitation in alloys. A set of fundamental equations to describe the whole process of precipitation in alloys is postulated on the basis of nucleation theory and first order kinetic theory for the growth process. Approximate solutions were found, and good agreement with the experimental results was obtained. Some physical foundations and application of the theory were also discussed.
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Hiroshi Yamauchi
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
652-657
Published: May 05, 1964
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The structure, magnetic properties and thermal properties of the ζ-phase and μ-phase of the Pd
3Mn
2 alloy were investigated. The ζ-phase has a b.c.t. lattice with the CsCl-type superstructure, while the μ-phase has a modified form of the ζ-phase superstructure. Both phases are antiferromagnetic, but in the μ-phase the susceptibility below the Néel point is strongly dependent on the field strength. The excess heat absorption at the Néel point is 510 cal./mol. (Pd
15Mn) for the μ-phase, 890 cal./mol. (Pd
15Mn) for the ζ-phase, and the heat of transformation from μ to ζ is 180 cal./mol. (Pd
0.6Mn
0.4) These results are discussed on the basis of the two sublattice model of an antiferromagnet.
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Eijiro Haga, Hatsuo Kimura
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
658-669
Published: May 05, 1964
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The free carrier absorption data for
n-GaAs, -InP, -GaP and -GaSb are analysed in order to investigate the scattering mechanism of electrons. The magnitudes of the deformation potential constant
E1 are found to be ∼6
eV for GaAs, ∼0
eV for InP, ∼55
eV for GaP and ∼60
eV for GaSb. It is found from this that, among acoustic and optical phonon scatterings, the former is predominant in GaP and GaSb, and the latter predominant in GaAs and InP.
The impurity concentration is found to be very large compared with the electron concentration, for the samples of GaAs and InP with low carrier concentrations. This suggests the presence of some additional scatterers different from the ordinary ones, that is, lattice vibrations and ionized impurities. From the present analysis, it is inferred that the absorption coefficient due to additional scatterers have a wavelength dependence very similar to the one due to ionized impurities.
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Ichizo Uchida
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
670-674
Published: May 05, 1964
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Studies were carried out on the correlation between the B and SAL emission bands of pure ZnS phosphors and the deviation from the stoichiometry in the phosphors. SAL is observed in the phosphors having excess zinc, while it disappears in the phosphors having excess sulfur. The SAL center may be caused by a sulfur vacancy. B grows in either case that the phosphors are fired in the atomosphere of zinc or sulfur. The peak of B of the phosphors having excess sulfur is located at 347 mμ, while that of the phosphors having excess zinc at 357 mμ. These facts suggest that the so-called B band is composed of two bands of B
I and B
II. It may be reasonably concluded that the center of B
I is formed by an interstitial sulfur atom and that the center of B
II is caused by an interstitial zinc atom or a sulfur vacancy having the value of charge different from that of the center of SAL.
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Ichizo Uchida, Tatsuo Ishiguro, Yozo Sasaki, Tatsuo Suzuki
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
674-680
Published: May 05, 1964
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Bunched electron waves in CdS ultrasonic amplifier are formed by two kinds of space charge waves, that is, mobile electron waves due to free electrons and bound electron waves at trapping centers. When the product of the relaxation time of electron trapping and the angular frequency of sound is an order of unity, the phase difference between the mobile and the trapped waves becomes appreciable, and the fraction,
f, which gives the ratio between the mobile and total space charges, takes a complex form. Under this condition the dependence of amplification factor, α′, deduced by use of the complex
f, on the applied dc voltages becomes considerably unsymmetrical about a certain value of the dc voltage at which α′=0. Futher, the frequency characteristics of α′
max should deviate from the theory derived by Hutson and White. The experimental results agree: quite well with these theoretical predictions.
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Tôru Moriya
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
681-687
Published: May 05, 1964
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The spin-lattice relaxation rates associated with the nuclear magnetic resonance in ferromagnetic transition metals, Fe, Co, and Ni, are studied theoretically. Thermal fluctuations of the internal magnetic filed at a nucleus associated with the spin wave excitation and the individual excitations corresponding to
s- and
d-bands are considered. The effect of the coupling between the spin waves and the conduction electrons is also considered. The
d-band electrons are treated in a tight binding approximation. The predominant nuclear spin relaxation mechanism in all of these metals is shown to come from the fluctuation of the orbital current of the
d-band electrons. The other possible mechanisms are shown to make smaller contribution than this by one to two orders of magnitude, except for the Fermi contact interaction of the
s-band electrons in Fe and Co, which can possibly make a significant contribution, though not of primary importance.
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Kiyoshi Kume, Tadashi Sugawara
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
688-694
Published: May 05, 1964
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Proton and fluorine nuclear resonance in nickel-fluosilicate were studied in the paramagnetic region of temperatures between 0.15°K and 4.2°K. Temperatures below one degree were obtained by the magnetic cooling of the sample itself. From the temperature dependence of the shift, the sign of the exchange interaction between
Ni++ ions was found to be ferromagnetic. The order of magnitude of the observed shift was well explained by the dipolar field alone. The signals disappeared when the temperature went below the Curie point.
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Ichiroh Nakada, Yutaka Ishihara
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
695-701
Published: May 05, 1964
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In order to study the generation of free carriers in an anthracene crystal, the measurement of the pulsed photoconduction has been performed. The number of free holes and electrons produced in a crystal after a flash illumination has been found to depend both on the temperature and the electric field. The number of generated holes increases exponentially with the rise of the temperature. At the higher temperatures it shows a tendency of saturation. The temperature dependency is not so remarkable for electrons. The number of holes and electrons increases with the field strength; yet in the higher field region the tendency of the saturation appears. The mobility of holes at the room temperature is 0.8 cm
2/V.s and decreases as the temperature is raised. The mobility of electrons at the room temperature is 0.4 cm
2/V.s and its variation with temperature is small. A model of energy levels is proposed for the carrier generation.
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Tadami Taoka, Shin Takeuchi, Eiichi Furubayashi
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
701-711
Published: May 05, 1964
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Single crystals of 3% silicon iron with controlled orientation were deformed in tension between 20°C and −196°C at various strain-rates. The orientation was systematically selected so that the maximum shear stress was in 〈111〉 direction on low index planes. The operative slip systems were examined by surface observation and analysis of yield stress. The result showed the existence of {112} 〈111〉 system as well as {110} 〈111〉 system. The temperature dependence of critical shear stress of the two systems was separately determined and that of {112} 〈111〉 system was stronger than that of {110} 〈111〉 system. The critical shear stress for slip is different by 5% between two opposite 〈111〉 directions on {112} plane. The strain-rate dependence of critical shear stress was also examined and found to be derived from the stress dependence of dislocation velocity.
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Satoru Fujime, Denjiro Watanabe, Shiro Ogawa
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
711-716
Published: May 05, 1964
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Using thin sections of hexagonal cobalt, the origin of the appearance of some of forbidden reflection spots and some of unexpected streaks has been studied by the selected area diffraction technique. The former spots are forbidden by the space group symmetry and the latter streaks are unexpected from stacking faults. The experimental results lead to the conclusion that the reflection spots in question which are forbidden also dynamically in the symmetrical case are observed because of bending of a specimen film and the streaks in question are caused by the dynamical interaction of other streaks due to stacking faults and normal reflections.
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Kenji Osaki, Yutaka Nakai, Tokunosuké Watanabé
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
717-723
Published: May 05, 1964
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Magnesium and manganous formate dihydrates crystallize in the space group
P2
1⁄
c, with the unit cell dimensions:
a=8.69,
b=7.18,
c=9.39 Å, β=97.6° (for the magnesium salt),
a=8.86,
b=7.29,
c=9.60 Å, β=97.7° (for the magnesium salt)
. There are two kinds of magnesium (or manganous) ions in the unit cell. The fist kind is surrounded by six carboxyl oxygen atoms and the second kind by two carboxyl oxygen atoms and four water molecules, both in a regular octahedral form.
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Hideo Suzuki, Seiji Mizuhashi
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
724-738
Published: May 05, 1964
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The π-electronic structure and the absorption spectra of carotenods which contain a trans-conjugated chain of
2N carbon atoms are considered within the framework of the HMO approximation. It is shown that the relation between the wavelengths of calculated absorption maxima and the number
N of conjugated double bonds can be brought into very satisfactory agreement with the experiments, by determining parameter values for two resonance integrals phenomenologically. The bond orders and bond lengths are also calculated by using the resonance integrals thus determined. The transition moments and oscillator strengths, from which we can obtain the same selection rule with that of the FE model, are investigated as functions of
N. Finally, the case of a set of MO’s in which we can find a so-called surface state is considered.
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Misazo Yamamoto
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
739-747
Published: May 05, 1964
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The stress-deformation relation for three dimensional Maxwell model is proposed by the help of the semi-linear interrelation between the internal strain tensor, which gives the stress state, and the observable displacement tensor. The s–d relation is invariant for time dependent rigid rotation of the sample, while in the case of time dependent coordinate transformation there exist additional terms depending on the time-rate of transformation. As an example of the theory, the non-linear viscosity and the normal stresses are obtained introducing suitable parameters characterizing non-linear viscoelastic properties of the model. The results are qualitatively in good agreement with those of many experiments.
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Yukikazu Itikawa
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
748-751
Published: May 05, 1964
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The relaxation between ion and electron temperatures in a plasma in a magnetic field is investigated in the unified theory without any cut-off procedures. The relaxation rate increases as the magnetic field is increased. A general formula for the effect of the magnetic field on the rate of relaxation is obtained and some limiting cases are treated analytically.
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Dilip Singh
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
751-755
Published: May 05, 1964
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Unsteady laminar free convection flow of viscous incompressible and conducting fluids past a vertical infinite flat plate whose temperature or heat flux varies as some power of time is studied in the presence of a constant horizontal magnetic field. Results are reported for several values of Prandtl numbers for stepwise variations either in the plate temperature or in heat flux.
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R. D. Bhargava, C. B. Sharma
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
756-758
Published: May 05, 1964
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An infinite elastic medium, having a circular insert, is under plane harmonic temperature distribution with common interface insulated, so as not to change the temperature of the insert. Medium would go to certain prescribed deformation if the insert were absent. Presence of insert develops stress field both in matrix and the insert. The point force method has been employed. The explicit solution of the problem has been obtained by complex variable techniques.
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Fujio Saito
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
759
Published: May 05, 1964
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Marian E. Hills
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
760
Published: May 05, 1964
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Eiji Tatsumoto, Motoyuki Nomura, Mitita Goto
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
761
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Yoshio Sone
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
762-763
Published: May 05, 1964
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Haruo Takeyama, Toshiatsu Oda
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
763-764
Published: May 05, 1964
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Hiroshi Nagasawa, Sumiko K. Takeshita, Yuzo Tomono
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
764-765
Published: May 05, 1964
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Hanako Kobayashi, Taiichiro Haseda
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
765-767
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Ushio Kawabe, Taketoshi Yanagi, Shozo Sawada
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
767-768
Published: May 05, 1964
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Takefumi Tsuboi, Tetsuo Nakajima, Hideo Takaki
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
768-769
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Tokio Ohta
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
769-770
Published: May 05, 1964
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C. Ramasastry, S. B. S. Sastry, Y. V. G. S. Murthy, J. Sobhanadri
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
770-771
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P. Sita Ramaswamy
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
771-773
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Hiroshi Itô, Tsutomu Ishimura, Kimiyuki Nishiguchi, Keiichi Hira ...
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
773-774
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Takenari Goto, Masayasu Ueta
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
774-775
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Hidetaro Abe, Hiroko Morigaki, Motohiro Matsuura, Kiyoshi Torii, Kazuo ...
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
775-776
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Yoshio Tawara
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
776-777
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Tôsaku Kimura
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
777-778
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Kôichi Aso, Syôhei Miyahara
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
778-779
Published: May 05, 1964
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Yasuo Suzuki, Hiroshi Ishizuka, Goro Miyamoto
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
779
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Tadashi Sugawara, Ryukichi Soga, Ikuyo Yamase
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
780
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Masanori Nakada, Kenzo Awazu, Sumiaki Ibuki, Yoshihito Miyako, Muneyuk ...
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
781
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Yutaka Sugita, Hideo Fujiwara, Nobuo Saito
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
782
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Sunil Datta
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
783
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Yoshihito Miyako, Muneyuki Date
1964 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages
784
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