Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
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Volume 14, Issue 4
Displaying 1-30 of 30 articles from this issue
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  • Measurement of Bremsstrahlung Spectra with Sodium Iodide Scintillation Crystal
    Motoharu Kimura, Naosi Mutsuro, Yuji Ohnuki, Katsufusa Shoda, Masumi S ...
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 387-396
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.387
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    The bremsstrahlung spectra of the 8.5 MeV electrons for the forward direction were measured with a scintillation spectrometer of a sodium iodide crystal 4 in. in diameter and 4 in. in length. Be, Ni and Pt of several thickness were used as the targets. The measured spectra were compared with our semi-empirical calculation. The calculation was based . upon the response function for NaI crystal which was constructed referring to the method developed by NBS group and also to the actual response curve for the monochromatic gammas of 1.12 and 6.14 MeV, instead of using Monte Carlo method which had generally been used in the former researches. The agreement is rather good if we assume Schiff’s formula for the intrinsic bremsstrahlung spectra.
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  • Scattering of Protons by Ne20 and Ne22
    Yukiyasu Oda, Minoru Takeda, Chuin Hu, Shohei Kato
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 396-402
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.396
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    The angular distributions of protons scattered elastically and inelastically by Ne20 and Ne22 have been observed at six energies from 4.95 to 5.50 Mev. The shape of angular distribution of inelastically scattered protons varies rapidly with incident energy in boths cases of Ne20 and Ne22. An anomaly is found at 5.25 Mev in the reaction Ne20(p, p′)Ne20(Q=−1.63 Mev). The elastic scatterings also exhibit the corresponding features. These results suggest that the reaction proceeds mainly through the compound nucleus formation process. The spin and parity of the compound state seem likely to be 5/2(+).
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  • On the Coefficients of Irreversible Processes in a Highly Ionized Gas
    Taro Kihara
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 402-410
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.402
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    An effective interparticle potential, which is a modified Debye-Hückel potential, is introduced and discussed in order to eliminate simultaneous interactions between three particles or more in an ionized gas. For this potential weak-interaction asymptotes of collision cross sections necessary for the theory of irreversible processes are calculated without making further approximations. These cross sections are applied to relaxation between ion and electron temperatures and to the coefficient of viscosity.
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  • The General Theory of Transport: The Difference between Electric Field and Density Gradient
    Tadao Kasuya
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 410-415
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.410
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    The difference between the electric currents due to the external electric field and the gradient of the chemical potential is discussed based on the general theory of transport coefficients. In the limit of weak magnetic field (hw<<κT, where ω is Larmor frequency, κ Boltzmann constant, T absolute temperature) and weak collision (h⁄τ<<κT, where τ means the relaxation time), Einstein relation is applicable. In the limit of strong magnetic field, the current due to the gradient of the chemical potential exhibits the oscillatory behaviour similar to that of diamagnetism.
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  • Electrical and Thermal Conductivity of Monovalent Metals ; The Influences of Coulomb Interaction
    Tadao Kasuya, Kazuo Yamada
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 416-435
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.416
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    The electrical and thermal conduction phenomena are discussed by taking account of the effects of Coulomb interaction and Umklapp processes of electron-phonon collisions. The contributions of electron binary collisions through screened short range Coulomb potential to a relaxation. processes are evaluated. The effect to the coupling parameter of electron-phonon interaction is also considered in the range of called Umklapp process. The effect of phonon drag is not considered in this paper.
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  • On the Superstructure of the Ordered Alloy Cu3Pd. III. High Temperature Electron Diffraction Study
    Denjiro Watanabe
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 436-443
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.436
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    Using a high temperature electron diffraction camera, Cu3Pd alloys have been investigated in thin oriented, evaporated films at temperatures below and above the critical point of order-disorder. The present work has elucidated that, in alloys of α″-phase, the line-up number of anti-phase domains and the degree of order inside domains decrease with increasing temperature in the range of 20∼40°C below the critical point, and an abrupt decrease of the line-up number of domains occurs at the critical point. In the range of 100∼150°C above the critical point, short chains of one-dimensional anti-phase domains with the same period of out-of-steps as in the ordered state remain randomly in an equilibrium state. On the other hand, anti-phase domains are absent in the alloys of α′-phase below as well as above the critical point.
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  • Electronmicroscopic Observation of the Additively Coloured KCl Crystal
    Tadatosi Hibi, Tetsuhiko Tomiki
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 444-455
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.444
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    The KCl single crystal which was grown from the melt, thermally quenched, and additively coloured with potassium metal were observed electronmicroscopically using replica technique. Growth of crystallites was seen both on the outer surfaces and in the interior of the crystal when it was thermally quenched or it was coloured additively. The crystallites grew more markedly in the latter case than in the former. The mechanism by which F centres are formed were considered.
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  • Successive Electronmicroscopic Observation of Coloured and Bleached KCl Crystal
    Tadatosi Hibi, Keiji Yada
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 455-463
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.455
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    The surface changes in a given part of the same KCl crystal during colouration by X-rays and in the process of bleaching by natural light have been successively observed by using two-stage replica. A slightly modified Bradley’s method was used for making two-stage replica. By this method, the surface change at the definite position of the same KCl crystal was observed successively. According to the present results, it has been clearly confirmed that crystallites grown on the KCl crystal during X-ray colouration disappear during bleaching through the process quite reverse to the crystal growth in colouration and that the behaviour of the crystal growth and its disappearance are not simple, but very peculiar. Results obtained have been briefly discussed.
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  • Influence of Order-Disorder on Creep of a Superlattice Alloy
    Taira Suzuki, Mikio Yamamoto
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 463-472
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.463
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    A study has been made of the influence of order-disorder on the creep of a superlattice alloy Ni3Fe. The results obtained strongly support the dislocation-climb mechanism. The activation energy for creep, independent of applied stress, slightly increases with the degree of order: 45.8 kcal/mol for disordered and 47.5±2.0 kcal/mol for ordered phases. A discontinuity occurs at the critical temperature, i.e., 505°C in the curves of creep rate versus the reciprocal of temperature. A remarkable acceleration of creep has been observed on the disordered alloys below TC, which were obtained by quenching from 800°C, as compared with the rates expected from the values above TC. A semi-quantitative theory has been proposed for such a configurational acceleration of creep in terms of order-disorder kinetics and dislocation processes in the superlattice alloy of AB3 f.c.c. type.
    In ordered alloys, the vacancy diffusion introducing the dislocation-climb is thought to be anisotropic with regard to the orientation of slip bands. This will result a significant difference in the stress dependence of creep rates in ordered phases from the one in disordered phases as observed here.
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  • Effect of Electron Bombardment on Sodium Chloride
    Shigetomo Yoshida, Toshio Ikeda
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 473-477
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.473
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    The absorption spectra ranging from 360 to 960 mμ were measured on rock salt crystals bombarded with electrons at various temperatures. Three types of color centers, namely F, 590 mμ and colloidal centers were formed as a function of specimen temperature during bombardment. The thermal bleaching of these three color centers was also investigated.
    From these results it is supposed that the color center with an absorption peak at about 590 mμ may correspond to a precursor of colloidal sodium. It is also suggested that there may be a correlation between coloration and dissociation of sodium chloride by electron bombardment.
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  • Configurational Coordinate Curves for Luminescence Center in Ca3(PO4)2:Cu
    Keiji Maeda
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 478-486
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.478
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    For Ca3(PO4)2:Cu phosphor, measurements of spectral distributions of luminescence, reflectivity and quantum efficiency, temperature dependence of luminescence intensity and decay constants are carried out. The onedimensional configurational coordinate curves for the luminescence center in this phosphor are determined by analysing spectral data. Some characteristics expected from these curves are compared with the observed; the agreement in the absorption band width and the disagreement in the activation energy for nonradiative transition are obtained. The relations between one- and many-dimensional models are investigated and the cause for the above disagreement is attributed to the simplicity of the assumed model. Discussions are also made on the nonradiative transitions in this center.
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  • Electron Diffraction Study on Polish Layers of Gold, II
    Masao Kuriyama
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 487-492
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.487
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    Polish layer of gold was examined by means of the transmission method of electron diffraction. The diffraction pattern from the highly polished layer of gold (the Beilby layer) consists of three haloes, as reported in the previous paper (J. Phys. Soc. Japan 12 (1957) 151). The radial distribution function of atoms in the layer was calculated by Fourier transformation of the observed intensity. The observed intensity was compared with those calculated from appropriate models of atomic arrangement. It was found that the Beilby layer has an amorphous arrangement in which the first and the second coordination number are about 10 and 8, respectively.
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  • Nuclear Magnetic Double Resonance Experiment on Two Proton System
    Junkichi Itoh, Riichiro Kusaka
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 492-498
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.492
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    Nuclear magnetic double resonance studies were done on two proton system in K2HgCl4·H2O single crystal. Applying a strong r.f. field with the frequency nearly equal to that of one line in the doublet of two proton resonance, the line shape of the other line of the doublet was measured for various values of the intensity and frequency of the strong r.f. field. Generally, the observed line shape shows further doublet structure, and the separation and relative intensities of this doublet depend upon the intensity and frequency of the strong r.f. field. Some calculations were made for the line structure of two proton system under the influence of a strong r.f. field. The experimental results agree qualitatively with the calculation, but there exist some descrepancies in the absolute magnitudes of the splitting of the induced doublet.
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  • The Electronic Structure of the Protonated Methane CH+5
    Masatoshi Yamazaki
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 498-510
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.498
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    The electronic structure of the ground state of the protonated methane CH+5 is studied by the Heitler-London-Slater-Pauling method extended by Voge and by Kotani and Siga. The wave functions are constructed without the assumption of the electron pair bond and with taking (2s)2(2p)2, (2s)(2p)3, and (2p)4 configurations of the carbon atom into account. Assuming a probable model for this ion, we obtain seventeen 1A1′ states. The energy matrix for these states is computed by means of the representation matrices of the symmetric group. By solving the secular equations thus obtained for two different sets of parameters, the binding energy (or the proton affinity) and the equilibrium proton-carbon distance are estimated.
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  • Thermo-Remanent Magnetism in the Systems La2O3-Fe2O3 and Nd2O3-Fe2O3
    Hiroshi Watanabe
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 511-516
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.511
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    LaFeO3, which is reported to be antiferromagnetic at room temperature, has, however, a small amount of remanent magnetization. By measuring the hysteresis loops of a sample before and after a thermomagnetic treatment, it is found that the hysteresis loop is shifted along the magnetization axis, especially for specimens cooled in a magnetic field below the magnetic transition temperature, ca 450°C. The phenomenon can well be interpreted as a sort of thermo-remanent magnetization. A similar phenomenon has also been found for NdFeO3.
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  • Stabileco de du-dimensia fluo de Szymanski
    Hideo Takami
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 517-522
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.517
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    Stability of two-dimensional Szymanski flow
    Stability of a two-dimensional transient flow of an incompressible viscous fluid is investigated by the method of small oscillations. The basic flow is such that the fluid begins to move from rest between two parallel and infinitely large planes under a pressure of constant gradient applied along them and eventually attains the parabolic velocity distribution.
    By the use of Lin’s procedure the relation between the Reynolds number of the basic flow and the wave number of the antisymmetrical neutral oscillation (the neutral curve of stability) and also the minimum critical Reynolds number are calculated numerically for each of five representative stages of the transient flow, and the variation of its stability characteristics is discussed.
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  • The Forces experienced by a Lattice of Elliptic Cylinders in a Uniform Flow at Small Reynolds Numbers
    Sinzi Kuwabara
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 522-527
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.522
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    Using Imai’s general method of solving two-dimensional Oseen’s equations, the drag and lift coefficients for a lattice of parallel, equal and equidistant elliptic cylinders in a uniform flow at small Reynolds numbers are calculated. When the stagger is not present and the thickness ratio of the elliptic cylinders is taken to be unity, the expressions for these coefficients reduce to the case of a lattice of equal and equidistant circular cylinders which has been investigated by Tamada and Fujikawa.
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  • The Forces experienced by Randomly Distributed Parallel Circular Cylinders or Spheres in a Viscous Flow at Small Reynolds Numbers
    Sinzi Kuwabara
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 527-532
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.527
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    The forces experienced by parallel circular cylinders or spheres which are distributed at random and homogeneously in a viscous flow are investigated on the basis of Stokes’ approximation. The results for the case of spheres are applied to the problem of sedimentation and compared with several experimental data.
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  • The Generation of Static Charge on High Polymer
    Shigeyoshi Kittaka
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 532-538
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.532
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    The generation of static electricity by the contact and seperation between high polymer substances and metals has been studied. The couples of polystyrene-Pt, Acrylite (polymethylmethacrylate)-Pt, and Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene)-Pt were examined. It was observed that the surrounding conditions have serious effects on the quantity and sign of generated static charge.
    The mechanism of generation of electro-static charge has been proposed assuming the energy levels of the localized electrons on the surface of high polymer substances and the change of these energy levels by the absorption of different gases. It was estimated that work functions of polystyrene, Acrylite, and Teflon are 5.74 eV, 5.48 eV and 6.04 eV, respectively.
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  • On the Low Lying Levels of Mn55, II
    Sadaaki Yanagawa
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 539
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.539
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  • Studies on Mercury Fulminate
    Surjit Singh
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 540
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.540
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  • Low Temperature Thermoelectric Power of Cu–Mn Alloys
    Seiichi Tanuma
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 541
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.541
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  • Simplified Representations on the Firing Characteristics of Vibrational- Ignitor Tubes
    Setsuo Okanishi, Hitoshi Kanamori
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 542
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.542
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  • Cyclotron Resonance in Gas Discharge
    Kuniya Fukuda, Hiroaki Matumoto, Yoichi Uchida, Hisamitsu Yoshimura
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 543
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.543
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  • Effects of γ-Rays on Aqueous Solutions of Synthetic Polymers
    Shintaro Sugai, Mitsuo Ishikawa, Jiro Furuichi
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 544
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.544
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  • Maximum Principles for Vorticity in Viscous Fluid
    Tosio Kato, Hiroshi Fujita
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 545
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.545
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  • Interaction of Exciton with R Center in KCl Crystal
    Masayasu Ueta, Masamitsu Hirai
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 546
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.546
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  • Oxide-Cored Cathode
    Keiichi Ando, Osami Kamigaito, Yoshihiro Kamiya, Shigetoshi Takahashi, ...
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 547A
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.547A
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  • On Quantitative Measurement of Turbulence by Means of a Constant Resistance Hot-wire Anemometer
    Nisiki Hayasi
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 547B
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.547B
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  • Preparation of Anodic Oscillator Tube using Glow Discharge
    Kazuyuki Ogawa
    1959 Volume 14 Issue 4 Pages 547C
    Published: April 05, 1959
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.14.547C
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