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M. Adachi, H. Taketani, K. Hisatake
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
227-235
Published: February 05, 1968
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The singles and coincidence spectra of gamma rays from the decay of 2 year
102Rh have been measured with a Ge(Li) detector and scintillation spectrometers. The energies (in keV) of the gamma rays observed are 418.5, 475.2, 632.0, 698.1, 768.3, 1046.9, 1102.7, 1111.7 and 1786. With measurements of internal conversion electrons and gamma-gamma directional correlations for several sets of cascade transitions, the following spin-parity assignments have been made for levels in
102Ru: 475.2(2+), 1103(2+ and 4+ doublet), 1522(3+), 1870(5+ or 6+), 2222(5+) and 2261(?). The spin and parity of 2 year
102Rh are probably assigned to be 6+.
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Yukio Ôsaka, Yuzo Imai, Yoshihisa Takeuti
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
236-262
Published: February 05, 1968
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With use of the photon Green’s function, the reflection and transmission coefficient associated with a lowest exciton level based on the “polariton” picture was calculated. To consider the effects of the spatial dispersion due to the translational motion of excitons, the “specular” and “diffuse” boundary conditions are adopted. The calculation based on a simple model for polaritons shows that the minimum of the transmission coefficient arises in the neighbourhood of the transverse exciton energy, and the hump may be expected at the longitudinal exciton energy.
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Yasuo Endoh, Yoshikazu Ishikawa, Hideo Ohno
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
263-270
Published: February 05, 1968
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The magnetic properties of single crystals of Cr alloys containing a small amount of Co and Ni have been studied by neutron diffraction and thermal expansion. The alloy with less than 1 at%Co has the same magnetic structure as that of pure Cr. With increasing Co concentration, the Néel temperature decreases, and the wave vector of the S.D.W. increases, while the magnetic moment remains constant. For 2 at%Co–Cr, the commensurable antiferromagnetic structure becomes stable. The Néel temperature slightly increases and the magnetic moment still remains constant. With the further increase of Co concentration, the antiferromagnetic structure tends to be destroyed by Co–Co pairs. The alloys with Ni have been found to show the magnetic behavior as the alloys with impurities which decrease the electron to atom ratio. All of wave vector, Néel temperature and magnetic moment decrease with an increase of Ni concentration.
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Shuichiro Anzai, Kunio Ozawa
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
271-274
Published: February 05, 1968
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In order to study the nature of the first-order antiferromagnetic transition in NiS the electrical resistivity in the vicinity of the transition point has been investigated at the hydrostatic pressures up to 7 kbar. The transition has characteristics of semiconductive-metallic transformation. The transition point, observed at 230°K at atmospheric pressure, is lowered as the hydrostatic pressure is increased, with the rate (
dTt⁄
dP)=−(6.0±0.3) deg./kbar. The transition can be described in terms of the electronic rearrangement in
d-orbitals of nickel atoms between localized-collective electronic states.
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Hisao Yamamoto, Takuya Okada, Hiroshi Watanabe, Masahiro Fukase
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
275-279
Published: February 05, 1968
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Mössbauer effect measurements have been made on CaFe
2O
4, an antiferromagnetic oxide which has a magnetic transition at low temperatures. It has been found that the hyperfine splitting due to the internal field for the high temperature magnetic phase is subject to motional narrowing, possibly due to the thermal fluctuation of the spin correlation between weakly interacting antiferromagnetic arrays of Fe and O atoms.
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A. K. Goswami, L. E. Cross, W. R. Buessem
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
279-281
Published: February 05, 1968
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Anomalous high permittivity in fine-grained barium titanate, which has recently been explained by an internal stress model, can also be explained by an internal field model and phenomenological theory, although the existence of the field in the fine-grained sintered ceramic is uncertain.
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Toshiaki Murakami
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
282-290
Published: February 05, 1968
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To study the PTC anomaly in semiconductive barium titanate ceramic specimens, some experiments are made with BaTiO
3−x single crystals and a model to explain the results together with the PTC anomaly of ceramic specimens,is proposed.
The barrier height of a metal-to-BaTiO
3−x contact is hardly influenced by the surface states. The resistance through the barrier layer on a
c-plate crystal, abruptly increases at the Curie point, while that through the barrier layer on a
a-plate crystal decreases. The resistivity vs. temperature relations of some ceramic specimens show a gradual rise-up at the Curie point. It can be explained by the fact that the Curie points are distributed on a wide temperature range owing to the non-uniformity of the grain boundary layers.
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Takehito Yazaki, Yuzo Abe
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
290-295
Published: February 05, 1968
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The electrical conductivities, the Hall and magnetoresistance coeffcients in Bi
97Sb
3, Bi
90Sb
10 and Bi
85Sb
15 alloy single crystals have been measured at liquid nitrogen temperature. Under the tentative assumptions of independent three valley bands for both the valence and conduction bands and isotropic relaxation times for both holes and electrons for each alloy, a set of three principal electron mobilities μ
i, a set of three principal hole mobilities ν
i, angles of tilt for each energy ellipsoid, θ
e and θ
h, and the carrier density
N have been calculated using Freedman-Juretschke’s computer calculation technique for each alloy. From the results it seems that the conduction band retains the symmetry and general features of the Bi conduction band.
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Hiroshi Ohkura, Yuzo Mori
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
296-305
Published: February 05, 1968
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ESR of the
Q1 center which is especially associated with Rb
87 nucleus with less natural abundance has been thoroughly studied. The isotropic and anisotropic hyperfine interaction constants of Rb
87 nucleus which is sited at the nearest neighbors surrounding the anion vacancy are 373 Mc/sec and 12.6 Mc/sec, respectively. The
g-value shift has been observed from that of the
F center at +1.4×10
−3, the-amount being explained by Breit and Rabi expression. The angular-independent half-width of the
Q187 ESR line is 56.6±0.4 gauss. Analysis of these data suggests that the center of the electron-density for the ground state of the
Q1 center is displaced from the center of the anion vacancy to K
+ ion opposite to the Rb
+ ion along the symmetry axis 〈100〉. A tentative calculation using the Gourary and Adrian wave function gives a reasonable agreement with our suggestion. The off centered electronic structure for the normal
FA center is also inferred.
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Hideaki Chihara, Nobuo Nakamura, Hideo Okuma
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
306-313
Published: February 05, 1968
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Nuclear quadrupole resonance frequencies of
121Sb,
123Sb, and
35Cl in solid antimony trichloride were measured between 20°K and about 150°K to learn molecular motions and intermolecular forces in the solid. By use of a newly computed eigenvalue table, the quadrupole coupling constant and the asymmetry parameter of
121Sb and
123Sb were calculated. The asymmetry parameter decreases from 0.192 at 20°K to 0.180 at 140°K. The results were interpreted in terms of librational motion and weak intermolecular covalent bonds between Sb and Cl atoms.
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Takenari Goto, Tadatoshi Takahashi, Masayasu Ueta
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
314-327
Published: February 05, 1968
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Emission, absorption and reflection spectra have been studied on single crystals of cuprous halides. Three types of emission are observed: 1) resonance emission due to the annihilation of the lowest energy intrinsic exciton, 2) narrow lines due to bound excitons at defects or impurities, 3) broad bands and overlapping equidistant narrow bands. In the excitation spectrum for the resonance emission a structure of equal spacing, which corresponds to the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon energy, is found in the exciton absorption band region at low temperatures below 40°K. The resonance emission bands in CuBr and emission lines belonging to the type 2) in CuI are accompanied by the LO phonon assisted satellite bands. The LO phonon energies are obtained as 210±12, 166±7 and 151±8 cm
−1 in CuCl, CuBr and CuI crystals, respectively.
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Shin-ya Miyatani
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
328-336
Published: February 05, 1968
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Ag
2S is a mixed conductor in which electrons and Ag ions are mobile. (1) The electronic properties; the various properties such as the electronic conductivity, Hall coefficient, thermoelectric power, surface potential, magnetic susceptibility due to conduction electrons and infrared reflection etc. are measured as the electron concentration is varied with use of the galvanic cell Ag|AgI|specimen|Pt. The model accounting for these data consistently is proposed. (2) The ionic properties; the ionic conductivity and the thermal diffusion of Ag ions are measured with use of Ag|AgI probes. The
L2-dependence of the time of polarization, where
L is the length of the specimen, is checked. The effect of the hydrostatic pressure on the ionic and electronic conductivities are also measured. (3) Simple devices demonstrating the characteristics of Ag
2S as a mixed conductor are described.
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Nobuo Mikoshiba, Katsuo Suzuki, Takehiko Ishiguro
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
337-340
Published: February 05, 1968
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A possibility of observing the acoustic donor-spin resonance in germanium and silicon is quantitatively examined on a basis of Hasegawa’s theory of spin-lattice relaxation. If the directions of propagation and polarization of acoustic waves and the direction of static magnetic field are suitably chosen, the attenuation coefficient at resonance in germanium is shown to be sufficiently large for observation. The attenuation coefficient in silicon is much smaller than that in germanium because of smaller coupling constant.
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Y. Onodera, Y. Toyozawa
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
341-355
Published: February 05, 1968
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The intrinsic optical spectra of substitutional binary solid solutions can be classified into two types, persistence and amalgamation types. In the former, two structures corresponding to the two constituent substances do persist. In the latter, they are amalgamated in a single one. A unifying theoretical expression is obtained by which both the persistence and the amalgamation types can be described. Numerical results based on that expression are given assuming a simple form for the state density of the band. On the basis of them, various situations realized in mixed crystals are discussed in the light of the experimental information, with particular emphasis on the behavior of the optical spectra with the change in composition.
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Nobukata Nagasawa, Hideyuki Nakagawa, Yoshio Nakai
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
356-362
Published: February 05, 1968
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Temperature dependence of the absorption coefficient in the long wavelength tail of the first exciton band and of the position of its absorption maximum are studied in the solid solutions of alkali halides, KI doped with NaI, with RbI, and with KCl. Absorption measurement are carried out between 80°K and about 700°K. In every solid solution, Urbach’s rule is found to hold in the exciton absorption tail, and the peak energy of exciton absorption band is found to vary linearly with the change in temperature. From the measurements of temperature dependence of so called “steepness parameter” in every solid, the effective frequency of lattice vibration related to the tail part of the absorption band is estimated.
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Sukeaki Hosoya, Tomoe Yamagishi, Masayasu Tokonami
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
363-367
Published: February 05, 1968
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Precise relative measurement were carried out on a powder of almost stoichiometric VN. The observed values for crystal structure factors were compared with the theoretical ones calculated from atomic scattering factors. These factors are available only for V
0, V
+1, V
+2, V
+3, N
0 and N
−1, while reasonable analytical expressions were assumed for ions N
−2 and N
−3 stabilized only in a crystalline state. The agreement was found to be far better in V
+2N
−2 and V
+3N
−3 than in V
0N
0 and V
+1N
−1. Slight significant deviation due to a non-spherical electron distribution seems to be found, and there for it was concluded that the covalent bonding might exist to a small extent. In spite of various restrictions inherent to the present method, it is at least obvious that nitrogen atoms are electron acceptors.
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H. Umebayashi, G. Shirane, B. C. Frazer, W. B. Daniels
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
368-372
Published: February 05, 1968
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The spin density wave in pure Cr was studied by neutron diffraction under high pressures up to 6 kbar. The spin flip temperature
TSF decreases linearly with an increase of pressure with a cofficient −5.8±0.2°K/kbar. The wave vector
Q′ of the spin density wave in units of 2π⁄
a also decreases with an increase of pressure. Since the Néel temperature
TN decreases with increasing pressure, data were analyzed at constant reduced temperatures
T⁄
TN. The initial derivatives of the pressure dependence of
Q′, (
Remark: Graphics omitted.), are −2.08±0.15×0.15×10
−3 kbar
−1 at
T⁄
TN=1.0 and −0.64±0.10×10
−3 kbar
−1 at
T⁄
TN=0.3. The spontaneous magnetic moment μ decreases in proportion to
TN with an increase of pressure. These features are discussed in the light of Lomer’s two band model.
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Michio Takami
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
372-376
Published: February 05, 1968
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Fourteen lines of
K-type doubling in H
2CO and HCOOH were observed in the frequency range of 2 to 33 MHz by a beam maser spectrometer. The observed frequencies are compared with the values calculated from the molecular constants which have been obtained in the microwave region. The agreement between the observed and the calculated transition frequencies of H
2CO is good, though the fractional deviations for the lines in the HF region are about an order of magnitude greater than those in the microwave region. In the case of HCOOH the agreement is rather poor and some refinement in the molecular constants seems to be necessary.
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Nobuhiko Saitô, Mitiko Go
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
376-379
Published: February 05, 1968
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The change in the helical fraction of polypeptide is calculated on applying an external force at the ends of the chain in the helix-coil transition region. It is shown that when the mean square end-to-end distance of chain has a minimum at the transition region, the helical fraction increases at the helix-side and decreases at the coil-side of the transition region on applying the force. The critical value of the force to make the helical content almost vanish is estimated and the force to make the helical content almost vanish is estimated and the implication of this phenomenon in the mechanical denaturation of polypeptides such as polyglutamic acid and silk fibroin is discussed.
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N. K. Gilra, Narsingh Dass, N. C. Varshneya
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
380-382
Published: February 05, 1968
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The ultrasonic absorption (2α) by the ice crystals in supercooled water has been considered on the basis of Lamb’s theory which is two-fold,
i.e. (i) to study the effect of ultrasound on the growing crystals and (ii) to study the variation of ultrasonic absorption with varying parameters like (A) frequency (ω), (B) radius of the ice crystals (
a) and (C) kinematic viscosity of liquid (μ) separately.
It has been found that the effect of ultrasound is to increase rate of freezing due to the small interfacial absorption alone by the crystals. Furthermore, it is also of interest to note a maximum in the curve 2α-μ.
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Taro Dodo, Norihiko Ozaki, Masashi Kenmochi, Shigeo Nagao, Keiichiro S ...
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
383-391
Published: February 05, 1968
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Ion cyclotron resonance and nonadiabatic trapping of the hydrogen ions in a mirror machine investigated. A hydrogen plasma (about 10
8 ions/cm
3) diffuses into a magnetic mirror field along the magnetic lines of force and an r.f. electric field of 4.5 Mc/s is applied to the plasma through a pair of plane electrodes at the midplane of the magnetic mirrors.
It is observed that the magnetic moments of the ions are increased nonadiabatically at cyclotron resonance field for the molecular ions (5.8 kgauss) and the atomic ions (2.9 kgauss). The latter is attributed to the harmonic resonance of the molecular ions. Nonadiabatic trapping of the molecular ions in a mirror field is also observed at 5.8 kgauss and 2.9 kgauss. About 15% of the injected ions is reflected from the far mirror field. The most of the ions escape through the far mirror field because the applied r.f. electric field is shielded by the plasma.
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Sadatoshi Taneda
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
392-401
Published: February 05, 1968
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The waving motions of flags are investigated experimentally in a wind tunnel. Several cases are examined: when a flag is placed in a uniform flow, when a flag is placed in a one-sided flow, and when a splitter plate is placed in the wake of a flag. The wave mode, the wave form, the wave velocity, the frequency and the drag are determined for many kinds of flags at Reynolds numbers ranging from 10
3 to 3×10
5.
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Jun-ichi Okutani
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
401-411
Published: February 05, 1968
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Exact correlation function of electric fields of the ion-electron sheet model is obtained using Lenard’s method. The result is an infinite series including the Fourier coefficients of the even Mathieu function of the zeroth order. The spectrum
Ik with respect to the wave number
k is shown to be proportional
k−2. This fact suggest that this model plasma lacks an important nature of plasma—the Debye shielding. The limits in which the plasma parameter tends to zero or also investigated.
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Kenji Inouye
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
412-421
Published: February 05, 1968
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The inviscid boundary layer in a two-dimensional aligned-fields flow of highly conducting, inviscid, incompressible fluid is considered. If a transformation analogous to one in conventional viscous boundary layer problem is applied, a general solution of the magnetic boundary layer in the case of very weak magnetic filed is obtained. A similar solution for the stagnation point flow is obtained by the method of series expansion in pressure number. The solution for the same flow is also obtained by integrating directly the original equation without any expansion. Both solution are compared with each other. The discussions on the thickness of the boundary layer and nonexistence of the solution for the case of the case of the pressure number greater than unity are given.
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Kiichi Etoh, Nawoyuki Kawai, Yasuhiko Matsuda, Tohru Murata
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
422
Published: February 05, 1968
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Masatoshi Nakayama
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
423
Published: February 05, 1968
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R. R. Hasiguti, N. Igata, M. Shimotomai
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
424-425
Published: February 05, 1968
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Kiiti Siratori, Kay Kohn
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
425
Published: February 05, 1968
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Kazuo Yoshihiro, Wataru Sasaki
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
426
Published: February 05, 1968
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Taiju Tsuboi, Riso Kato
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
427
Published: February 05, 1968
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Makoto Watanabe, Yoshimitsu Nakamura, Yoshio Nakai, Takatoshi Murata
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
428
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Y. Tsutsumi, M. Kunitomo, T. Terao, T. Hashi
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
429-430
Published: February 05, 1968
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Tsuguo Fukuda, Hitoshi Hirano, Shigenao Koide
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
430
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Wataru Kinase, Kikuo Ohi, Yoshihiko Ishikawa
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
431-432
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Akira Hasegawa
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
432
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Koichi Sato, Ichiro Kawakami, Shoichi Shiina, Haruyuki Ohnishi, Kazuo ...
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
433-434
Published: February 05, 1968
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Yasuyuki Nogi, Kazuo Yokoyama, Kooichi Sato, Kunihiko Nagai, Tetsu Miy ...
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
434
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Toshihiko Dote
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
435
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J. L. White, N. Tokita
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
436A
Published: February 05, 1968
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Takashi Kushida, Minoru Kikuchi
1968Volume 24Issue 2 Pages
436B
Published: February 05, 1968
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