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Volume 19, Issue 6
Displaying 1-46 of 46 articles from this issue
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Tatsunosuke Kaneko1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 785-799
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe core of EAS was observed by large multiplate cloud chamber and scintillation detectors at Mt. Norikura. 8,100 cloud chamber pictures were obtained by various triggering method. Fluctuation of core structure was shown by many typical cloud chamber pictures and were discussed on them at point of view of these pictures. No high energy particle with energy >1012 eV was found over 2 m from the axis of EAS. For small air shower, characters of the core vary largely even for the same size and age. Proportion of cores which consist of only electromagnetic cascade shower are about a half. On the other hand, particle density and energy density show small fluctuation for large size air shower of s>0.8. As special example, double core and mu-meson bundle events are found and analyzed. A lateral distribution of mean energy of electromagnetic component is expressed by \barE=1.3×109r−(0.6±0.15) eV in region 0.5 to 15 m from the shower axis.View full abstractDownload PDF (7140K) -
Itsuo Katsumata1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 800-814
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA density spectrum of extensive air showers was obtained by means of a plastic scintillator at a mountain altitude, 2770 m above sea level. In the range from 50 to 104 particles/m2, the integral density spectrum is expressed as Δ−1.55±0.05. By an EAS array the accompanied EAS’s were also observed, and their contributions to the density spectrum were analyzed. The results are as follows. There is no agreement beween the exponent of density spectrum and that of size spectrum which was obtained directly from EAS array data in this experiment. This is due to the fact that the size of EAS is the larger, the lateral structure of the central region becomes steeper. Moreover, the lateral structure fluctuates considerably in the same size showers. The exponent of the density spectrum seems to decrease gradually with increasing altitude, the value on the mountain is 10% smaller than that of the sea level. Though statistical error is large, the exponent of the integral density spectrum increases from 1.55 to 2.0 above the density 2×104 particles/m2.View full abstractDownload PDF (2192K) -
Syu Ono1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 815-818
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSOn the basis of a cluster expansion of the classical Liouville operator the Boltzmann equation is generalized to higher densities. This expansion is analogous to the Mayer expansion known in equilibrium statistical mechanics, and furnishes a simple prescription to write down the terms of the higher order in the number density for the spatially homogeneous as well as the spatially inhomogeneous case. As the boundary conditions for the distribution functions the weakening of the correlation of the initial distribution is employed.View full abstractDownload PDF (376K) -
Yutaka Abe1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 818-829
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSAn effect of the electron-hole exchange correction in the effective mass equation for a shallow exciton is investigated. In the case of direct excitons in germanium and gallium arsenide it is shown that the exchange correction to the theoretical binding energy is large and may reconcile the discrepancy between the observed value and the simple effective mass estimate of the binding energy. In the case of indirect excitons the exchange correction is small.View full abstractDownload PDF (1348K) -
J. Fousek, B. B\u{r}ezina1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 830-838
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe motion of 90° walls and wedge domains in BaTiO3 single crystals under ac-fields ranged from 50 c/s to 200 Kc/s has been observed by the use of the stroboscopic illumination with short flash, which enables the measurement of the displacement of the walls in a desired phase of the field. The relaxation has been found to occur in the present range of the frequency. The position of the wall (wedge) plotted against voltage shows hystesis loop, which deforms as the frequency increases.
Several other aspects of domain motion have been studies as a function of frequency. An equation of motion is proposed:
M\ddotx+β\dotx+c(x−p)+A\fracπusin\fracπ(x−p)u=BV0sinωt.
The third term is due to the bound charge on the surface of the crystal or the charge compensating it. The fourth term reflects periodic potential for the wall due to lattice defects. Most aspects of the wall motion in the given frequency range have been shown to be described by the equation of the relaxation type (M→0).View full abstractDownload PDF (1284K) -
Toshiro Suzuoka1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 839-851
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSExact solutions of grain boundary diffusion based on the two mathematical conditions assumed for the surface source are discussed for the purpose of application to the experiments by means of sectioning method. It is concluded that the result obtained by either of these solutions is in effect unaffected by possible deviations from the ideal condition, and one of them, the “instantaneous source” solution, is the most successful one in analyzing the problem. The expression for the solutions can be transformed to another type of expression more appropriate to the grain boundary diffusion, and some discussions and numerical evaluations of these solutions over a more extensive range of parameters than previous are given.View full abstractDownload PDF (1480K) -
Takano Nakano, Yoshio Inuishi1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 851-858
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSTo clarify several points mentioned in our previous report, radiation damage and its annealing process in various kinds of Si crystals were investigated by measuring the change in minority carrier life time with microwave absorption method.
(i) Both irradiation dose rate and total dose have a remarkable effect on annealing behavior of carrier life time. For example annealing temperature increases remarkably with increasing total dose of irradiation. These behaviors are also found in the annealing of A-center measured by Hall effect, which have been published elsewhere.
(ii) The radiation damage and annealing process of life time were found to be very sensitive to the impurities such as oxygen, Fe, Ni and Cu.
(iii) The depth of the recombination and trap levels and their cross sections were estimated from temperature dependences of life time and of thermal release time in various kinds of Si crystals.View full abstractDownload PDF (848K) -
Toshio Ikeda1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 858-863
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA new method for evaluating the diffusion coefficient of divalent cation in NaCl is described. The method is based upon the observation of difference in colloidal coloration between pure and impure regions of NaCl. Analysis is done by assuming that the diffusion coefficient of divalent cation in NaCl is proportional to its concentration. This method is applied to the diffusion of Cd in NaCl over the temperature range from 350°C to 600°C. The diffusion coefficient of Cd in NaCl is estimated below 500°C as follows; D=1.2×exp(−0.64⁄kT)×c in which c is the molar fraction of Cd in NaCl. Above 500°C it tends to lower value than that expected from the above equation.View full abstractDownload PDF (932K) -
Hisao Katsuraki1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 863-868
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA polarized neutron diffractometer has been used to determine the magnetic structure of Fe1.76Ge single crystal at room temperature. Fe1.76Ge has a B82 type of crystal structure, where layers composed of iron atoms and those composed of both iron and germanium atoms alternate along the c-axis. The magnetic moment of the iron atom on the former layer is found to be 1.56±0.2 μB. On the latter layer which forms a honey-comb layer, the moment of the iron atom is found to be 0.53±0.2 μB. Furthermore, the result of the experiment on the magnetic torque curve shows that the c-axis is a hard direction of magnetization.View full abstractDownload PDF (648K) -
Kazuko Kojima1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 868-880
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSOptical and thermal properties of Z2-centers and related photochemical processes have been studied for additively colored KCl, KBr and NaCl crystals doped with Ca, Sr and Ba ions. The peak wavelengths and half-widths of the Z2- and Z3-bands were determined. The Z2-absorption peak shifts toward the long wavelength side with increasing atomic mass of the divalent ions, increasing lattice spacing of the host crystal, and slightly with increasing temperature. The Z2-center in Ba-doped crystals always exhibits two absorption peaks. KCl doped with Sr was studied epecially extensively, as specimens showing only the Z2-band in the spectral range of 220 mμ to 1200 mμ were obtained; absorption and emission spectra were measured as a function of temperature and a configuration coordinate diagram of the Z2-center were drawn using experimental data. As a most plausible model compatible with experiments, an interstitial alkaline earth atom is proposed for the Z2-center and a positively ionized Z2-center for the Z3-center.View full abstractDownload PDF (1572K) -
Shozo Ino, Denjiro Watanabe, Shiro Ogawa1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 881-891
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe epitaxial growth of Ni, Cu, Ag, Au and Al on NaCl crystals cleaved in vacuum has been studied. When the crystals are cleaved in ordinary high vacuum (10−4–10−5 mmHg), a considerable lowering of the epitaxial temperatures for the parallel epitaxy takes place for the first four metals, as compared with the case in which the crystals are cleaved in air. The temperature differences due to this lowering are 270°C for Ni, 250°C for Cu, 150°C for Ag, and 120°C for Au. Al has been found for the first time to form single crystal films with the (111)-plane parallel to the substrate at the substrate temperature of 100°C. When the degree of vacuum is improved to ultrahigh vacuum (10−7–10−9 mmHg), on the other hand, the (001) preferred orientation deteriorates and the (111) preferred orientation appears for Cu, Ag and Au, the latter orientation becoming conspicuous with rising temperature for Au and Ag, while no considerable change arises for Ni and Al with the improvement of the degree of vacuum.View full abstractDownload PDF (2172K) -
Minoru Kikuchi1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 891-898
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe mechanism of energy loss under a. c field is discussed for an ionized pair of donors or acceptors in semiconductors. As a model for it, the susceptibility of a simple two level system interacting with phonons is derived by the method of correlation function. The spectrum of the susceptibility has two distinct peaks which correspond to the direct resonance process including only off-diagonal elements of a dipole moment, and to the Debye type relaxation process including only the diagonal elements of it. Numerical considerations and a brief comparison with experiments are given with the application to the impurity conduction in p–Si.View full abstractDownload PDF (1048K) -
Kazuo Ôno, Atsuko Ito1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 899-907
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSUsing the Mössbauer effect of Fe57, ferrous compounds have been investigated systematically in order to elucidate their magnetic properties from an atomic point of view. Parameters of isomer shifts, quadrupole interactions and internal magnetic fields at the iron nuclei at various temperatures are listed in Table I. It should be noticed that the ratio of eqz(FeSiF6·6H2O)/eqz(FeCO3) is −1.8, where eqz is the electric field gradient parallel to the c axis of each crystal. This indicates that the ground state of FeCO3 is an orbital doublet. Some forbidden lines were observed in Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O and FeC2O4·2H2O because of the existence of the maximum electric field gradient tensor being perpendicular to the internal magnetic field.View full abstractDownload PDF (1248K) -
Ayao Okiji, Junjiro Kanamori1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 908-915
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe electronic ground state wave functions in FeCO3 and FeTiO3 are deduced from the nuclear quadrupole coupling data. With these wave functions, the contribution of the intra atomic magnetic dipolar interaction and that of the electron orbital current effect to the internal magnetic field are calculated. A similar analysis is done also on FeF2. The magnitude of the Fermi interaction, which is obtained by subtracting the above mentioned contributions from the observed value of the internal magnetic field, shows a reasonable dependence on the electronegativity of negative ion. Also the energy separations of the crystalline field levels in FeF2 are calculated by use of the Mössbauer data and the data of the paramagnetic resonance experiment on Fe2+ in ZnF2.View full abstractDownload PDF (1112K) -
Hiroshi Kodera1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 915-918
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSElectron spin resonance experiments were carried out at room temperature on n-types silicon doped with various amounts of phosphorus. A single absorption line was observed in samples of fairly large electron concentration. The line width of electron spin resonance absorption was found to increase, while the g-factor to decrease with the increase of electron concentration in the sample. The experimental results were found to agree qualitatively with the existing theories of the electron spin resonance of conduction electrons.View full abstractDownload PDF (416K) -
Kêitsiro Aizu1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 918-923
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIt has been found that the ferroelectrics are classified into 19 regular and 11 irregular kinds in accordance with their point groups, Bravais lattices, and types of state transition. Upon this new cognizance, a systematic investigation is made into the problem of symmetries in the paraelectric phase-transformations of ferroelectric crystals. It is known that one of the two stable states of a ferroelectric is obtained by performing upon the other any of certain operations (F-operations) belonging to the rotation group. The phase transformation is referred to as being “primitive” and “complex,” respectively, when the symmetry elements of the paraelectric phase comprise those of the ferroelectric phase and the F-operations alone, and when they include some extra symmetry elements in addition. Comments are made upon the significance of primitive and of complex phase transformations. It is expected that phase transformations being neither primitive nor complex are exceptional. On the assumption of primitiveness of the phase transformation, the tables are presented which give the point group (or space group) of the paraelectric phase when the kind alone (or both the kind and space group) of the ferroelectric crystal is specified. These tables are also useful for complex phase transformations.View full abstractDownload PDF (788K) -
Shohei Wakita, Masayasu Ueta1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 924-929
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSLuminescence spectra have been photographed at various temperatures down to 4°K in KBr, KCl and NaCl crystals. Two ultra violet emission bands are found. The higher energy band is strong at 4°K and decreases its intensity with temperature and vanishes at 60°K. The intensity of the lower energy band is weak at 4°K but increases with temperature until 80°K. It is inferred that the higher energy band is attributed to the electron recombination with hole in H center and the lower energy band is emitted by the annihilation of a trapped exciton which is temporarily generated from the electron capturing by a self trapped hole of VK center. Four emission bands are found at visible region in KCl crystal at 4°K which seem to construct a hydrogenic series.View full abstractDownload PDF (2044K) -
Katuhisa Suzuki, Makoto Okazaki, Hiroshi Hasegawa1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 930-944
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe binding energies and the approximate eigenfunctions of shallow acceptor ground states in Si and Ge have been calculated based on the effective mass theory-variation method with the use of the revised valence band parameters. Results show an improvement over previous calculations of Kohn-Schechter and Schechter. The admixtures of the d-like part of the envelope functions obtained are generally small compared with the s-like part, which gives a test of the truncation of a spherical harmonics expansion of the envelope. The calculated wave functions are used to treat the Zeeman perturbation and other static perturbations acting on the ground state Γ8 quartet. Formulas for the two Zeeman splitting parameters entering the effective spin Hamiltonian defined by Bleaney are thus derived and numerically evaluated. The d-like envelope contributions to the splitting parameters are shown to be comparable with, or even larger than, the band edge g-factor. The theoretical values of the parameters for shallow acceptors in Si are compared with the observed ones showing an agreement within uncertainties of the chemical shift. For acceptors in Ge, the theoretical values are not conclusive because of the uncertainty of Luttinger’s parameter κ.View full abstractDownload PDF (1960K) -
Katsumi Hamano1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 945-951
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe temperature dependence of the dielectric constant of NaNO2 was investigated in detail in the neighbourhood of the Curie point. A new peak was found in the E22−T curve at about 1°C above the Curie point (162.1°C). The peak at the Curie point was shifted to higher temperature by application of a D.C. bias field. At the bias field of 3kV/cm, only one sharp peak was observed at 163.2°C. The piezoelectric constants were measured by resonance method under various D.C. bias fields, from which the electrostrictive constants were calculated. The electrostrictive constants show complicated temperature dependence in the narrow temperature range above the Curie point. The observed dielectric and electrostrictive anomalies should correspond to the antiferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition which has been clarified by X-ray and specific heat measurements by Yamada, Shibuya and Hoshino. From the fact that the second peak of E22 does not show temperature hysteresis, the transition should be of the second or higher order.View full abstractDownload PDF (744K) -
Tetsuo Nakajima, Hideo Takaki1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 951-954
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA change of the Curie temperature with pressure for gadolinium has been estimated from the data of the temperature dependences of the magnetization and magnetostriction on the basis of thermodynamical theory of a phase transition of the second kind. This result is in good agreement with the experimental result.View full abstractDownload PDF (400K) -
Michiyoshi Tanaka, Goro Honjo1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 954-970
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThin single crystal films of barium titanate prepared by chemical thinning of single crystal plates are studied by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. The films as thin as 1000 Å are found to have the same lattice parameters as the bulk crystals, giving no evidence for the existence of the anomalous surface layer proposed by Känzig et al. The surface of barium titanate is found to change substantially when heated above 500°C in air and vacuo, invalidating their evidence for an unusually high Curie temperature of their anomalous surface layer. Ferroelectric 90° and 180° domains are observed by electron microscopy. The contrast of 90° domains is simple diffraction contrast. The contrast of 180° domains is due to the failure of Friedel’s law, which is known to be possible to take place in electron diffraction by dynamical diffraction effect. Dislocations, tracks of fission fragments from uranium and their interaction with domains are observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (9276K) -
Norio Kato1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 971-985
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe dynamical diffraction theory developed in Part I and II of this paper (J. Phys. Soc. Japan 18 (1963) 1785; 19 (1964) 67) is applied to homogeneously bent crystals. The Laue cases of X-ray diffraction are treated specifically. For a small bending Pendellösung fringes are still observable but fringe distances decrease with increasing the curvature. The fringes take the form of hyperbola in the same way as the perfect crystal. For a large bending and in the parts of the crystal far from the entrance surface the fringes fade out. Connecting with these aspects the trajectories, the phase changes and the intensity distributions of crystal waves are discussed in details both for non-absorbing and absorbing crystals. The formula of integrated intensity of diffracted beam is given in non-absorbing cases.
The Borrmann absorption in distorted crystals is reformulated in a neat form for general cases of lattice distortions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1888K) -
Taro Kihara, Osamu Aono, Ryo Sugihara1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 986-989
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe energy loss by an equidistant sequence of charges moving fast in a straight line is calculated in the unified theory of relaxations in plasmas. The rate of energy loss in the absence of any magnetic field has sharp maxima when sΩ is equal to the plasma frequency, Ω being the frequency of the periodic passage, and s being any integer.View full abstractDownload PDF (360K) -
Sinzi Kuwabara1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 989-994
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA magnetohydrodynamic theory of transient pinched discharge is presented. A cylinder of a perfectly conducting plasma initially submerged in a uniform axial magnetic field is compressed impulsively by an extremely strong external magnetic pressure. Two types of induced magnetic field are considered. One is due to an axial sheet current on the plasma surface and the other due to an outer coil current. By assuming the occurrence of a converging shock wave, the similarity-solution method is applied for the analysis. The results obtained indicate that the presence of magnetic field in a plasma seems to have a preventing effect on the compression.View full abstractDownload PDF (516K) -
Yorisaburo Takaisi1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 994-998
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA general method of solving Oseen’s equations of motion for a three-dimensional body of any shape having a plane of symmetry is proposed. The method is based on a kind of Reynolds number expansion by transforming the general solutions of the fundamental equations of motion into an appropriate system of coordinates for the body considered. The method enables one to obtain the velocity distribution near the body and the lift and drag acting on it in the form of power series in Reynolds number, without recourse to manipulation of higher transcendental functions such as spheroidal functions for ellipsoids of revolution.
As an example of the application of the method, the uniform flow past a prolate or an oblate spheroid is considered, which is so placed that the axis of symmetry is set at an arbitrarily given angle to the uniform stream. Expansion formulae for the lift and drag coefficients are obtained to a second approximation.View full abstractDownload PDF (576K) -
Keishiro Niu1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 999-1009
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe structure of a plane shock wave which propagates in a plasma without magnetic fields is investigated by using the fully ionized model of the ion and the electron gases. The transport equations are of the Navier-Stokes type, the viscosity of the ion and the thermal conductivity of the electron being taken into account. To calculate the collision terms in the shock region, the Mott-Smith type and the local equilibrium type are assumed for the distribution functions of the ion and the electron respectively, and the Fokker-Planck equation is employed. This formulation can always give the continuous solutions which do not miss a physical meaning for all Mach numbers. In addition, the three-fluid model which improves the transport equations for the ion is proposed and the alternative forms of considering the electron momentum are also derived.View full abstractDownload PDF (1004K) -
Yoshio Shibaoka1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1010-1023
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe flow past a wedge which is placed parallel to the undisturbed uniform flow and accompanied with a symmetric dead-air region is investigated by using the hodograph method. Especially, in case when the speed of flow at infinity is sonic, the relation between the modified drag coefficient of the wedge and its semi-nose angle is shown graphically.View full abstractDownload PDF (964K) -
Sadatoshi Taneda1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1024-1030
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe force and moment acting on a cylindrical obstacle moving in a viscous fluid bounded by two parallel plane walls are investigated experimentally at Reynolds numbers ranging from 10−1 to 10−5.
The important points resulting from the experiments are that (1) the drag and the lift coefficients are exactly proportional to the reciprocal of the Reynolds number for a fixed wall distance; (2) the minimum drag is obtained when the obstacle is located halfway between the walls and the central line between the two walls; (3) the minimum lift is obtained when the obstacle is located on the central line between the two walls; (4) when δ (the distance of the obstacle from a wall) is small, a small change in the incidence produces a large change in the movement of the center of pressure; (5) for a fixed incidence, the center of pressure moves forward first, then moves backward as δ is increased; (6) the streamline pattern is unaltered even if the direction of motion is reversed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1336K) -
Ken-ichi Kusukawa1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1031-1041
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe flow of an incompressible viscous fluid with electric conductivity past an insulated flat plate at a small incidence, in the presence of an aligned magnetic field, is studied. The solution for finite hydrodynamic and magnetic Reynolds numbers R, Rm is uniquely determined by the linearized theory. Taking the limiting process: R=∞ and Rm=∞, but ε=Rm⁄R=finite, we obtain the flow of an inviscid fluid with infinite electric conductivity with a proper circulation. In the superalfvénic case the circulation coincides with that expected by the conventional Kutta-Joukowski condition, while in the subalfvénic case the circulation is given as a function of ε and the Alfvén number.View full abstractDownload PDF (1248K) -
Tsunehiko Kakutani1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1041-1057
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe hydromagnetic stability against small disturbances is investigated on the plane laminar motion of an electrically conducting fluid between parallel plates in relative motion in the presence of a transverse magnetic field. Curves of the neutral stability in the (α, R)-plane (α, the wave-number; R, the Reynolds number) are calculated for various values of the Hartmann number M.
It is thus found that the critical Reynolds number Rc is infinite for M<3.91 as well as for ordinary plane Couette flow. As M increases from 3.91, Rc decreases rapidly to a minimum value of 3.8×105 when M=5.4 and then increases steadily to its asymptotic value, 50000M, for sufficiently large values of M(>15). Thus, we may conclude that the flow is always stable for 0≤M≤3.91, destabilized by the magnetic field for 3.91<M<5.4 and stabilized reversely for M>5.4.View full abstractDownload PDF (1788K) -
Koichi Oshima1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1057-1063
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSBy adding the Poisson equation to the set of equations used in conventional blast wave analysis, the effects of the presence of charged particles in a gas are examined. This analysis is specially applicable to a strong blast wave of electron gas propagating through an electrically neutral plasma. Two similarity parameters result, one of which corresponds to the usual parameter, and the other contains the effect of the electric charge. Due to the low mass of the electrons as compared with that of the ions, a charge separation takes place at the shock front, resulting in a body force which tends to weaken the shock strength. Contrary to the classical gasdynamics, self-similar solutions of the electrogasdynamic blast wave with a constant energy can no longer be found. However, a pseudosimilar solution is possible which yields a constant energy.View full abstractDownload PDF (708K) -
Tosio Miyagi1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1063-1073
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe steady two-dimensional flow of an incompressible viscous fluid past a flat plate inclined to the uniform stream is discussed on the basis of Oseen’s approximation. An integral equation is obtained for determining the distribution of fundamental singularities along the surface of an arbitrary cylinder which should represent the effect of the cylinder upon the stream. In the case of a flat plate whose angle of inclination α is arbitrary, this equation is solved for small values of the Reynolds number R and it is found that the expressions for the drag coefficient CD and the lift coefficient CL are in accord with the existing ones, respectively. For infinitely large R, we show that this integral equation corresponds to that in Oseen’s asymptotic theory of fluid resistance, and the expressions for CD and CL are obtained for arbitrary α. In the case of medium R, we find the solution only for α<<1 by use of a perturbation method, assuming that α2R is small compared with unity. Under this condition, we find that CD=(8⁄\sqrtπR)[1+α2R⁄12+O(α4R2)] and CL=πα[1+O(α4R2)]. The above various results are shown graphically in the whole range of the Reynolds number.View full abstractDownload PDF (924K) -
Ziro Hasimoto1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1074-1078
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSAnalytical discussions are made on two examples of interaction of a simple expansion wave with a shock wave. The first example is that of a head-on collision of a simple expansion wave with a shock wave. The second one is concerned with the case where a shock wave interferes with a simple expansion wave behind it. For each case, the curvature of the shock wave is exactly obtained at the point of the interaction of the leading Mach line of the expansion wave with the shock wave.View full abstractDownload PDF (616K) -
Kazuo Minami, Singo Imazu, Yoshiei Nakano1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1079
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Shinichi Sakatsume, Ikuji Tsujikawa1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1080
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Kazuhiko Itagaki1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1081
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Hiromichi Suzuki, Sigeyasu Mori1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1082
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Isamu Kuru1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1083
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Seiichi Karashima1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1084
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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J.B. Shukla1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1085-1086
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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Takeo Igo1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1086
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Tohru Hara, Shigeharu Okamoto1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1087-1088
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Takako Shinoda, Hideaki Chihara, Syûzô Seki1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1088
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Hiroshi Betsuyaku, Yutaka Takagi, Yasuko Betsuyaku1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1089-1090
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Masamoto Takatsuji1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1090-1091
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Akira Tasaki, Sh\={u}ichi Iida1964 Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 1091-1092
Published: June 05, 1964
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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