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Takuji Yanabu, Sukeaki Yamashita, Teruo Nakamura, Kunio Takamatsu, Aki ...
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
747-757
Published: June 05, 1963
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Angular distributions and total cross sections of the C
12(
d, α)B
10 and O
16(
d, α)N
14 reactions were obtained in the deuteron energy range from 15 MeV to 20 MeV. Deuteron energies were 15.1, 15.9, 16.7, 17.5, 18.2, 19.0 and 19.7 MeV in the C
12(
d, α)B
10 reaction, and were 14.9, 15.4, 15.7, 16.0, 16.5, 16.9, 17.3, 18.1, 18.8 and 19.6 MeV in the O
16(
d, α)N
14 reaction. Alpha particle groups leaving the residual nuclei in their low-lying states showed pronounced forward and backward peaks simultaneously in the whole energy range. Total cross sections decreased gradually with increasing deuteron energies, but some anomalies were found. Reaction mechanism is discussed under the assumptions of knock-out and heavy-particle stripping processes, and it is indicated that the clustering of nucleons at the surface of the target and or the residual nuclei seems to play an important role in these reactions.
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Takurô Nakamichi, Mikio Yamamoto
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
758-766
Published: June 05, 1963
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Magnetostriction constants, λ
100 and λ
111, in the state quenched from 700°C of nickel and 3.1, 7.0, 14.2, 18.7 and 25.1 at. % Mn–Ni alloys and those in well-annealed state of 25.1 at. % Mn–Ni alloy have been determined in the temperature range between room and liquid air temperatures. In the quenched state, both constants decrease in magnitude roughly monotonically with increasing Mn content in this temperature range. It seems, however, that each of the magnetostriction constants vs. composition curves at temperatures near liquid air temperature has an inflection point at about 5 at. % Mn. Temperature dependence of the magnetostriction constants in the quenched state is roughly the same in all cases irrespective of the composition. Well-annealed Ni
3Mn alloy has fairly large negative magnetostriction constants, which decrease in magnitude rather rapidly with increasing temperature, suggesting the occurrence of the change in their signs well below the Curie temperature. The compositional dependence of the magnetostriction constants in disordered Ni–Mn alloys and the magnitude of the magnetostriction constants of ordered Ni
3Mn alloy, are discussed in terms of the atom pair interactions, of which the magnitudes are assumed to vary with atomic magnetic moments.
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Tomoyuki Takeuchi, Shozo Ikeda
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
767-772
Published: June 05, 1963
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The creep curves of wet-hydrogen-treated polycrystalline irons were obtained in the range of temperature 350°–77°K. A rapid load testing machine, which has the same principle as Clark-Wood machine, was used for the creep tests. Delay times were observed in the range of the time 10
−2–10
3 seconds.
Observed results is analysed with the use of the strain rate equation, \dotε=
bnv. It is shown that the inverse of the delay time is approximately proportional to dislocation velocity. It is discussed that the delay time in low carbon steel is also closely related to the properties of moving dislocations.
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Yoshio Tawara, Kiyoo Sato
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
773-777
Published: June 05, 1963
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The magnetic anisotropy of a single crystal of Mn
5Ge
3 is measured by means of a torque magnetometer. The direction of easy magnetization is found to lie along the
c-axis between room and liquid nitrogen temperatures. The anisotropy constants are determined as 3.0×10
5 erg/cm
3 at room temperature and 4.2×10
6 erg/cm
3 at liquid nitrogen temperature. The anisotropy constant determined from magnetization curves at liquid nitrogen temperature is 3.5×10
6 erg/cm
3, and agrees well with that from torque measurements. Calculation shows that magnetic dipolar interaction accounts for about 20% of the observed value of the anisotropy. Temperature dependence of the dipolar anisotropy is discussed using molecular field approximation.
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Eijiro Haga, Hatsuo Kimura
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
777-793
Published: June 05, 1963
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A quantum mechanical theory of the infrared absorption by conduction electrons in InSb is developed according to the second-order perturbation formula in degenerate cases. The absorption coefficient due to acoustical phonons is calculated by means of the deformation-potential method. The deformation-potential constant
E1 is only contained as an unknown parameter and the values of the other quantities are obtainable from measurements. The magnitude of
E1 can be easily determined from the comparison between the theory and experiments, and thus an information about the scattering mechanism is obtainable.
When |
E1| is taken as 30 eV, the present theory is in excellent agreement with the experiment of Kessler and Sutter for various carrier concentrations and wave lengths and also with that of Spitzer and Fan for a more wide range of wavelength. It is also shown that the theoretical value of the optical cross section for free electrons in pure materials is quite consistent with the value found by Kurnick and Powell. With the
E1 value obtained, the contribution of acoustical phonons to the absorption is estimated to be most important in all cases of experimental data.
A discussion on the screened Coulomb potential used in the calculation of the impurity scattering is given.
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Tokihisa Nakamura, Sohachiro Hayakawa
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
793-796
Published: June 05, 1963
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The durene crystal emits green fluorescence in addition to its proper ultraviolet luminescence under the illumination of ultraviolet light. Although no appreciable polarization is observed in the u.v. fluorescence, considerable polarization is detected in the green emission when the light is incident perpendicularly to the
ab or
ac′ plane. The oscillators emitting the green fluorescence are concluded to have the direction (1, 1, 0) or (1, −1, 0) from the analysis of the polarized fluorescence intensity.
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Teruya Shinjo, Yoji Nakamura, Naomoto Shikazono
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
797-801
Published: June 05, 1963
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Mössbauer measurements were made on ferromagnetic Fe
3Si and Fe
5Si
3 to investigate the magnetic structure. In the ordered crystal of Fe
3Si, two internal fields were found to be 320 kOe and 205 kOe at liquid nitrogen temperature, corresponding to the two crystallographically different sites, Fe(I) and Fe(II). Since Fe(II) has a small magnetic moment, a low internal field and a large isomer shift, its electronic structure may be fairly modified by a formation of covalent bond with Si atom. On the other hand, the situation of Fe(I) seems to be little changed from that of Fe atom in pure iron. Fe
5Si
3 also has two different sites and two internal fields of 230 kOe and 130 kOe at liquid nitrogen temperature. Both kinds of Fe seem to be considerably different from Fe in pure iron.
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Masao Shimizu, Takeshi Takahashi, Atsushi Katsuki
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
801-810
Published: June 05, 1963
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Electronic Specific heat of Ni metal is deduced from the experimental data. It is shown that above the Curie temperature the electronic specific heat coefficient decreases with temperature. The density of electronic states for Ni metal and Ni–Cu alloys is determined as a function of energy from the low temperature specific heat data of Ni and Cu metals and Ni–Fe and Ni–Cu alloys on the basis of the rigid band model. The temperature variations of electronic specific heat and spin paramagnetic susceptibility of paramagnetic Ni metal are calculated. The calculated result on electronic specific heat agrees with experimental result. Whereas the calculated result on spin paramagnetic susceptibility is considerably smaller than the observed susceptibilities. The difference is attributed to the effect of the molecular field and the orbital paramagnetism. Similar calculations are performed for Ni–Cu alloys. The fact that magnetic susceptibilities of Ni–Cu alloys with less than 20 at. % Ni increase with temperature is also accounted for by the band scheme. The molecular field coefficients and the sum of the temperature independent orbital paramagnetic and diamagnetic susceptibilities for these alloys are estimated at several Ni concentrations.
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Mikio Shimizu
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
811-819
Published: June 05, 1963
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An expression in the prolate spheroidal coordinates is given for the wave function of a slow electron scattered by a pair of point charges,
Zae and
Zbe, fixed at a distance. The two centre Coulomb function is useful to approximate the wave function of a slow electron in the fields of diatomic molecular ions or polar molecules. By use of this approximation, the diffusion cross-section of electrons by polar molecules and the photoionization cross-section of hydrogen molecules near threshold energy are calculated. In these cases, the calculated cross-sections are about 1.3∼2 times smaller than the experimental ones.
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Mieko Takagi, Setsu Morimoto
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
819-824
Published: June 05, 1963
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The strength of the forbidden 222 reflection in reflection electron diffraction patterns from a slightly etched (111) face of a germanium single crystal is shown to be independent of crystal orientation. It is thus due to ‘systematic interaction’ rather than ‘accidental interaction’. The strength of the 222 ring from evaporated, polycrystalline germanium films has been studied as a function of particle size in the range 70 to 300
A and with accelerating voltage in the range 20 to 200 kV, and has been compared with values calculated from Hoerni’s theory, and from Fujimoto’s theory with Fujiwara’s relativistic correction. At the larger values of λ
D, at which Fujimoto’s expansion cannot be used, agreement between Hoerni’s theory and experiment is satisfactory. At lower values of λ
D the calculated 222 intensity with relativistic correction is 50% higher than the experimental value.
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R. J. Galagali
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
825-830
Published: June 05, 1963
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Experiments are carried out to explain the occurrence of Joshi Effect in a “free electron” gas such as argon. The influence of increased thermionic emission on the discharge current is also studied.
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Hiroshi Itô, Nobuo Yajima
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
831-836
Published: June 05, 1963
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Approximate loci of the guiding center of a charged particle in a helically invariant magnetic field, in particular in a stellarator, have been worked out. The rotational transform induces a kind of helical motion of the charged particle around the magnetic axis coupled with the curvature effect. Apparent centers of two dimensional paths projected on a section of the torus are different from the magnetic axis. These are situated on the line which passes through the center of curvature of torus and the position of the magnetic axis.
aξ
c, the position of the center of an eccentric path measured from the magnetic axis becomes smaller for larger field strength, ripples of magnetic surface and for smaller curvature. The sign of ξ
c depends on that of the charge and further on whether the velocity vector of the particle is parallel or antiparallel to the field vector.
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Taro Kihara, Osamu Aono
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
837-851
Published: June 05, 1963
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Two approximate theories—the impact theory and wave theory— of relaxation phenomena in hot plasmas are united into an exact theory, in which no cut-off procedure of the diverging integrals is needed, and which gives Coulomb logarithms with exact numerical factors in the arguments. When a relaxation rate is given by a diverging integral ∫
B(
b)
db with respect to the impact parameter
b in the impact theory and by a diverging integral ∫
K(
k)
dk with respect to the wave number
k in the wave theory, then the present theory gives the rate in the form
∫
0∞B(
b) exp \left(−\frac12
b2⁄
b02\
ight)
db+∫
0∞K(
k) exp \left(−\frac12
k2b02\
ight)
dk.
Here
b0 is any length much longer than the close impact radius but much shorter than the Debye radius; and the final results are independent of
b0. Simple examples are treated.
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Seiji Ohara
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
852-863
Published: June 05, 1963
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The anode current-voltage characteristics of inert-gas-filled triodes have shown negative resistance at an anode potential at a range from one to several volts. With increasing gas pressure the negative characteristics becomes remarkable. Similar results are obtained in a dark plasma with a Langmuir probe. These phenomena are peculiar to heavy rare gases such as xenon, krypton and argon at higt pressure. These gases show the Ramsauer effect in the collision cross-section for the electron scattering. By consideration of this effect, the negative characteristics are explained. By using this negative resistance, experiments on oscillation and amplification are made and frequency dependence is examined. It is proposed that the intrinsic upper limit of frequency for this negative resistance is determined by the electron collision frequency and is more than 1000 Mc/s.
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Kinzo Hida
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
864-870
Published: June 05, 1963
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It is shown that the fundamental equations for two-dimensional steady flows of an inviscid, compressible, perfectly conducting gas with aligned magnetic field are reduced to the corresponding ones without magnetic field by making use of a suitable transformation.
In the hodograph plane of these reduced variables, characteristics, a family of exact solutions as well as shock relations are studied in a way similar to the case of ordinary gasdynamics. Numerical calculations are made for the spiral flow.
The shock polar equation is also obtained, with special reference to a few typical shock waves characteristic to magnetogasdynamics.
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P. R. K. L. Padmini, M. G. Seshagiri Rao, B. Ramachandra Rao
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
871-877
Published: June 05, 1963
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The temperature variation of ultrasonic velocity has been studied in a number of liquids down to the temperatures of −100°C by extending the fixed-path double-crystal interferometer for such a type of study. Non-linear variation of ultrasonic velocity with temperature has been observed in some cases near the melting point. A relation has been proposed between melting point
Tm and
dV⁄
dT and is tested using the data for organic liquids, associated liquids and molten metals. New relations between the melting point
Tm and the temperature coefficients of ultrasonic velocity, density and adiabatic compressibility following the theoretical relations of Nomoto are obtained and are examined in the light of the experimental data.
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Yukio Ôsaka
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
877-901
Published: June 05, 1963
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A general treatment of ultrasonic attenuation of both longitudinal and transverse wave in normal metals, valid for an arbitary mean free path, is given by means of Green’s function formalism. When the mean free path of the Fermi electron is shorter than the wave length of the ultrasonic wave, the result is not equivalent to that obtained by Pippard. The result shows that by choosing a value of mean free path of experiments so as to give the best fit to Pippard’s formulae, longitudinal attenuation constants of experiments are well in agreement with Pippard’s formulae for an arbitary mean free path. Quantitative discussions for transverse attenuation are carried out only in the case of screened impurity potential.
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Norio Kawai, Takur\={o} Ôtsuki
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
901-908
Published: June 05, 1963
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The radiation field by a vibrating ribbon plate which is infinitely long and infinitely thin is treated by the use of modified Weber-Schafheitlin integrals and hypergeometric polynomials. For four fundamental types of source distribution on the ribbon plate the directional property of the radiation field at large distance and the radiation impedance of the plate are computed for
k=0.2∼4.0, where
k=2π
a⁄λ,
a is the half-breadth of the ribbon plate and λ is the wave length.
Auxiliary tables which can be used in calculating the field caused by an arbitrary vibration of the plate are given for
k=0.2∼4.0.
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Tokio Ohta
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
909
Published: June 05, 1963
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Takashi Kenjo, Yoshisuke Hatta
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
910
Published: June 05, 1963
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Muneyuki Date, Mitsuhiro Motokawa, Hitoshi Yamazaki
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
911
Published: June 05, 1963
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Muneyuki Date
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
912
Published: June 05, 1963
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Tunetaro Sakudo, Hiromi Unoki, Shigeru Maekawa
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
913
Published: June 05, 1963
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Wataru Sasaki, Shun-ichi Gonda, Masasi Inoue
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
914
Published: June 05, 1963
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Michio Kiritani, Sho Yoshida
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
915
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Yoshio Ohkubo
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
916
Published: June 05, 1963
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Tokumichi Tamai, Masayoshi Achiwa
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
917A
Published: June 05, 1963
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Masayuki Shiga, Yoji Nakamura
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
917B-918
Published: June 05, 1963
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Kenji Osaki, Yutaka Nakai, Tokunosuké Watanabé
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
919
Published: June 05, 1963
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Kazuo Kanematsu, K\={o} Yasuk\={o}chi, Tetuo Ohoyama
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
920-921
Published: June 05, 1963
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Takeshi Morimoto, Jin-ichi Takamura
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
921-922
Published: June 05, 1963
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Tasuku Yamaguchi
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
923A
Published: June 05, 1963
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Tasuku Yamaguchi
1963 Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages
923B
Published: June 05, 1963
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