Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
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Volume 32, Issue 1
Displaying 1-50 of 50 articles from this issue
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  • Determination of the Deformations in 24Mg and 28Si Nuclei from Electron Scattering
    Akira Nakada, Yoshiharu Torizuka
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 1-13
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.1
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    High-resolution measurements of the differential cross sections for elastic and inelastic scattering of 183- and 250-MeV electrons by 24Mg and 28Si were carried out using the beams from the Tohoku 300-MeV electron linear accelerator. We have found several excitations for these nuclei including the members of the ground-state rotational band. The inelastic cross sections obtained were analyzed to extract the B(EL) values. The form factors for the rotational levels were further analyzed by the use of the extended Nilsson model and found the best fits to the data. The quadrupole and hexadecapole moments are also extracted from this analysis. The parameters β2 and β4 associated with the nuclear Y2 and Y4 deformations are calculated from these moments and compared them with those obtained from (p, p′) reactions.
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  • Theory of Compressibility of Simple Liquid Metals
    Masayuki Hasegawa, Mitsuo Watabe
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 14-28
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.14
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    Pressure and compressibility of simple metals such as alkali metals, Zn, Al and Pb are calculated in the liquid state near the triple point, using the pseudopotential formalism for electron-ion interaction. Effective ion-ion interaction is defined naturally by calculating the total energy of metals to the second order of the electron-ion pseudopotential and its contributions to pressure and bulk modulus are calculated separately by the use of the so-called pressure equation of state modified properly to include the effects of the density-dependence (due to the electronic screening effect) of the effective ion-ion potential. It is found that these contributions are much larger (of more repulsive nature) than those estimated by using the Percus-Yevick solution for the hard-sphere model. The effects of the density dependence of the ion-ion interaction are found quite important for the pressure in alkali metals. Comparison of the calculated values of compressibility with experiments is made and the agreement is found satisfactory.
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  • Perturbation Theory of Covalent Crystals. I. Calculation of Cohesive Energy and Compressibility
    Akira Morita, Toshinobu Soma, Tadashi Takeda
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 29-37
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.29
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    An extended perturbation theory of IV and III-V covalent semiconductors based on a model pseudopotential method is presented. In the theory, in addition to the usual second order perturbation, higher order terms with respect to pseudopotential corresponding to the covalent bonding effect are taken into account under the so-called isotropic energy gap model. The theory is applied to calculation of cohesive energies and compressibilities of these crystals. A good agreement between the theory and experiment is obtained.
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  • Perturbation Theory of Covalent Crystals. II. Lattice Vibration Spectra in Si and Ge
    Toshinobu Soma, Akira Morita
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 38-45
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.38
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    Phonon dispersion curves for Si and Ge are calculated by using the perturbation theory developed in our previous paper, where the perturbation theory based on pseudopotentials has been extended by taking into account higher order terms corresponding to the covalent bond effect so as to be applicable to IV and III-V covalent semiconductors. The resulting phonon dispersion curves are qualitatively in good agreement with experiment in spite of introducing no adjustable parameter and explain the crossing of LO and TO curves along the [100] direction and the minimum in [110] II optic mode near the zone boundary.
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  • On the Energy Spectrum of the Piezoelectric Polaron
    Ken’ichi Okamoto
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 46-53
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.46
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    The energy spectrum of a piezoelectric polaron is theoretically discussed. At absolute zero temperature, Haga’s approximations originally developed for the theory of optical polaron are used for investigating the low excited state. At finite temperature, the intermediate coupling theory is applied to get the free energy and the energy spectrum of the piezoelectric polaron. The energy spectrum is in accord with Porsch’s result obtained by a Green function method. The energy spectrum is calculated numerically, which starts out quadratically and becomes approximately linear as the momentum increases. This energy-momentum relationship differs appreciably from that of previous two theories at finite temperature.
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  • Combined OPW-TB Method for the Band Calculation of Layer-Type Crystals. I. General Formalism and Application to the π Band of Graphite
    Masaru Tsukada, Kenji Nakao, Yasutada Uemura, Sumiaki Nagai
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 54-66
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.54
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    A new method of band calculation suitable for layer-type crystals is presented. In this method the electron motion in a monolayer is treated at first using the two-dimensional OPW’s and the layer functions which are defined as to be localized near the layer. Secondly the wave function of the three-dimensional crystal is constructed by the tight binding (TB) method. As an example, the π band structure of graphite is calculated using the simple screened Coulombic model potential. The results reveal the usefulness of this new method and calculated π band structure explains fairly well the various experimental results of graphite.
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  • Variational Approach to the Shock Wave
    Takeyoshi Fujita, Toshio Koda, Yoiti Watanabe
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 67-71
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.67
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    By using the local potential for the Boltzmann-type equations, a reasonable profile equation is derived on the basis of the minimal entropy rate principle postulated for stationary irreversible processes. The equation is a sort of moment equation containing a number of variational parameters. The ambiguities included in the conventional moment theories are removed. As an example, Mott-Smith’s model is examined as a trial function, which reduces the steadiness of shock waves for the strong cases.
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  • Magnetic Contrast and Inclined 90° Domain Walls in Thick Iron Films
    Sonoko Tsukahara, Hisazo Kawakatsu
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 72-78
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.72
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    A new structure of the magnetic 90° wall has been found in epitaxially grown (001) iron films with a thickness from 2000Å to 7000Å using a 1000 kV electron microscope. The 90° walls were observed as the images of different line widths and contrasts in Lorentz microscopy. The differences in line width and contrast appear in a selected area of a sample film and frequently along a 90° wall. From experiments of the Lorentz microscopy and deflection pattern using a sample tilting system, it is concluded that the 90° wall plane is inclined by different angles less than 45° from the film normal.
    A two-dimensional model of 90° wall is proposed and the wall energy E of the inclined wall is calculated. E has a broad minimum with respect to the inclination angle Δ; E=4.0 erg/cm2 at 14°<Δ<35° and =4.6 erg/cm2 at Δ=0° and =52° for the 4000Å iron film.
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  • Annealing Behavior of Induced Anisotropy in Electrodeposited Polycrystalline Nickel Films
    Hiroshi Maeda, Ichiro Morimoto
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 79-84
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.79
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    The annealing behavior of electrodeposited nickel films, that is, the annealing decay of the magnetostrictively induced uniaxial anisotropy was investigated after deposition and after stabilization at 70°C when the films were annealed isothermally in a magnetic field parallel to the magnetic hard axis. The fractional anisotropy of P=(Ku(t)−Ku(∞))⁄(Ku(0)−Ku(∞)) can be expressed as a function of annealing time t in a form of P=exp(−t⁄τ)1⁄3 in all as-deposited and stabilized films, where τ is a relaxation time. Such one-third power dependence can be well explained by such a model that defects annihilate into grain boundaries, and this model also explains a stabilizing effect. The activation energy of 1.15 eV for the stabilized films is in good agreement with that of stage III due to interstitial atoms in bulk nickel data. In a case of as-deposited films the lowering of the activation energy to 0.74 eV may partially depend on an annihilation of divacancies.
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  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Cr53 in Ferromagnetic CrO2
    Hironori Nishihara, Toshinobu Tsuda, Akira Hirai, Teruya Shinjo
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 85-90
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.85
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    NMR of Cr53 has been investigated on multidomain-, oriented single-domain- and impurity-contained samples of ferromagnetic CrO2. The hyperfine field at 0 K is found to be −154±1 kOe when the moment is parallel to the c-axis, and its anisotropy to be 20±5 kOe. A strong subsidiary line, corresponding to the hyperfine field of −111±1 kOe, has been observed which would be presumably associated with chromiums affected by imperfections of the crystal. Nuclear spin-lattice relaxation time T1 is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature T with T1T=15±3 sec K. NMR of Mn55 is also observed in association with Mn4+ mixed in CrO2 with a hyperfine field of 322±2 kOe.
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  • Magnetic Properties of Clb Compounds; CoVSb, CoTiSb and NiTiSb
    Michiko Terada, Keizo Endo, Yuko Fujita, Ren’iti Kimura
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 91-94
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.91
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    Experimentally CoVSb is found to be a ferromagnetic compound with a ferromagnetic and a paramagnetic Curie temperature of 58 K and 75 K, respectively. The saturation magnetic moment per formula at 0 K is 0.18μB. and the paramagnetic moment per formula 1.26μB. The relations of the Curie temperature and magnetic moment between ferromagnetic and paramagnetic states are very different from that of usual ferromagnetic materials. CoTiSb and NiTiSb are found to be temperature independent paramagnetic compounds with the susceptibility per gram of 5×10−7 and 6×10−7 emu/g, respectively. It should be a noticeable fact that CoVSb has a spontaneous magnetic moment while CoTiSb and NiTiSb have not.
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  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Relaxation of 159Tb in Ferromagnetic Terbium Metal
    Naokatsu Sano, Junkichi Itoh
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 95-103
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.95
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    Nuclear magnetic resonance and relaxation of 159Tb in ferromagnetic Tb metal were investigated by spin echo technique at liquid helium temperatures. The nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum consists of three equally separated lines in the frequency range from 2.4 GHz to 3.9 GHz. The center line frequency which corresponds to the Zeeman frequency is 3120 MHz and the frequency difference of the adjacent lines which represents the electric quadrupole effect is 673.5 MHz. It is found that spin-lattice relaxation is produced mainly by the process in which the nuclear energy relaxes to the kinetic energy of the conduction electrons via spin waves (Weger’s mechanism), as in the case of Dy nuclei in ferromagnetic Dy metal, and the spin-spin relaxation time is determined by the spin-lattice relaxation and the I·I coupling.
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  • Magnetic Moment of Binary γ-Alloys at 0 K
    Takashi Odagaki, Tsunenobu Yamamoto
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 104-109
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.104
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    A binary Ising model is applied to magnetic alloys in order to estimate the average magnetic moment per spin at 0 K by computer simulation. Two kinds of spins are assumed to distribute randomly in an FCC lattice with the coupling parameters J11>0, J12>0 and J22<0 between nearest neighboring spins. It is shown that ferromagnetic long range order can exist if the concentration of the ferromagnetic ions exceeds a critical value which depends on the relative strengths of the couplings. In addition, the concentration dependence of the average magnetic moment is obtained and compared with experiments on Pd–Fe, Ni–Fe, Co–Fe and Ni–Mn alloys. Also discussed is the effect of the concentration-dependent atomic magnetic moment in the alloy system.
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  • Concentration Fluctuations and the Heat Capacity of Fe–Cr Alloys
    J. C. Matthews
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 110-112
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.110
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    The low temperature heat capacity of Fe–Cr alloys becomes anomalously large close to the critical concentration for ferromagnetism at 0 K (C. H. Cheng, C. T. Wei and P. A. Beck: Phys. Rev. 120 (1960) 426): An anomaly persists up to high temperatures at the same composition (K. Shröder: Phys. Rev. 125 (1962) 1209) and this has led to the suggestion that the whole of the low temperature anomaly is due to a high density of states of the itinerant electrons and is not ferromagnetic in origin.
    Using a model of the alloy in which concentration fluctuations are present it is shown that the low temperature anomaly may be accounted for in terms of a ferromagnetic transition.
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  • A Theory of the Cooperative Jahn-Teller Effect —Crystal Distortions in Cu1−xNixCr2O4 and Fe1−xNixCr2O4—
    Mitsuo Kataoka, Junjiro Kanamori
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 113-134
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.113
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    A theory of the cooperative Jahn-Teller effect is developed for the purpose of discussing the spontaneous crystal distortions in mixed chromites, Cu1−xNixCr2O4 and Fe1−xNixCr2O4. The static Jahn-Teller effect only is taken into account. The theory separates the self-energy of each ion having a degenerate orbital level from those energies which contribute to the cooperative phenomenon; the former energy represents the effect of a local distortion which persists in the cubic phase. The theory also distinguishes between the contributions of the Jahn-Teller coupling with the bulk strains and with relative displacements of ions. The theory explains successfully various features of the phase diagrams of the mixed chromites such as the concentration dependences of the transition temperatures and the magnitudes of the distortions, the appearance of an orthorhombic phase, etc. The temperature dependence of elastic moduli is also discussed to point out that it will yield additional informations, particularly on the contributions of relative displacements of ions to the transition temperatures.
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  • Conjectured Mechanism of the Phase Transformation of a Peculiar Ferroelectric-Ferroelastic Crystal; (NH4)2Cd2(SO4)3
    Kêitsiro Aizu
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 135-141
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.135
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    It is hypothesized that the transformation of (NH4)2Cd2(SO4)3 from the prototypic phase to the ferroelectric and ferroelastic phase is caused by instability of triply degenerate pairs of conjugate lattice vibration modes with the wave normals along the cubic principal axes and with the wave length equal to three times the lattice constant. Then the strange dielectric anomaly of (NH4)2Cd2(SO4)3 which has been observed by Ohshima and Nakamura is deduced naturally. Also, peculiar elastic and piezoelectric anomalies to be observed are deduced.
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  • Luminescence Due to Oxygen and Self-Activated Centers in Zinc Telluride
    Seishi Iida
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 142-151
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.142
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    Red emissions in ZnTe containing In and O are described. In addition to the isoelectronic oxygen emission, emission due to indium appears at a wavelength longer than 7500Å at low temperatures. The emission changes its peak position with indium content. The emission at high indium concentrations is thought to be the self-activated emission in ZnTe, since it shows characteristics of donor-acceptor pair emission and is accompanied by thermal glow. The self-activated emission at low temperatures is excited efficiently by the host absorption, in contrast to the oxygen emission. This difference seems to reflect large difference of capture cross sections of these two quite different centers for free carriers. Structures below the band gap energy in the excitation spectrum of the self-activated emission are apparently related to the levels of Zn vacancies and In impurities. In this spectrum, a dip is seen at an energy corresponding to the sum of energies of a free exciton and a LO phonon.
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  • Optical Activity of Iron Group Selenate Crystals. I. Experimental Studies
    Toshiko Kato, Toshiro Ban, Ikuji Tsujikawa
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 152-157
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.152
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    The absorption, circular dichroism (CD) and optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) of ZnSeO4·6H2O crystals, those doped with Cu2+, Ni2+ and Co2+ ions, and NiSeO4·6H2O crystals are measured in the 200–1500 mμ region at room temperature and 77 K. Several CD bands ascribed to the spin allowed d-d transitions are observed and the concomitant ORD curves are antisymmetric about the center of each CD band. The CD of NiSeO4·6H2O-ZnSeO4·6H2O mixed crystals depends linearly on the Ni2+ ion concentration, and the helical arrangement of metal ions is found not to be essential for the optical activity. It is concluded that the optical activity of these crystals is caused by the asymmetric field on the metal ions.
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  • Impurity Conduction in Ti-Doped VO2 Studied by Microwave Frequency Conductivity
    Shigeharu Kabashima, Tsuneaki Goto, Katsuyuki Nishimura, Tatsuyuki Kaw ...
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 158-163
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.158
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    The dc and 24 GHz conductivities of VO2 containing various amounts of Ti have been measured below the semiconductor-to-metal transition point. Above 290 K the activation energy for dc conductivity is not affected by the small amounts of Ti impurity and the 24 GHz conductivity coincides with the dc conductivity. The pronounced frequency dispersion of conductivity is observed at low temperature, where the impurity conduction arises from hopping motion of electrons between impurity sites. The 24 GHz conductivity can be explained as a function of temperature by the formula expressing the dielectric loss due to the hopping diffusion of electrons between pair centers given by Pollak.
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  • Effect of Dislocations on the Thermal Conductivity of LiF
    Takayoshi Suzuki, Hideji Suzuki
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 164-171
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.164
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    Phonon scattering by dislocations was studied by measuring the thermal conductivity of deformed LiF crystals from 1.5 to 300 K. The conductivity is not proportional to T2, as observed by Sproull et al., but is approximately proportional to T3.5 or to T3 depending on the deformation mode. After annealing at 300°C for 10 min, the temperature dependence of the conductivity decreased. These results cannot be described in terms of the phonon scattering due to the static strain field around dislocations. The theory of phonon scattering by vibrating dislocations, advanced by Nabarro and Ninomiya, gives a consistent interpretation both to the temperature dependence and to the magnitude of the observed thermal conductivity.
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  • Generation of Free Carriers via Exciton-Donor Interaction and Impact Ionization of Excitons in Cd(S, Se) Crystals
    Toshiaki Harada, Kazuo Morigaki
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 172-191
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.172
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    An experiment has been performed to measure the relative change in the microwave conductivity with the irradiation of argon ion laser light (488.0 nm) at 4.2 K and 1.7 K in the mixed crystal of Cd(S, Se), whose intrinsic A exciton energy nearly coincided with the energy of the 488.0 nm laser light so that a number of excitons were created by the irradiation of this light. From our experiment, free carriers (electrons) were found to be generated as a result of exciton-neutral donor collision. Also, an experiment was carried out under the application of a static electric field up to 920 V/cm. In this case, the impact ionization of excitons occurred to result in the generation of free carriers. The probability of excitons due to the collision by accelerated electrons was calculated on the basis of the Born approximation and the electron temperature approximation and was compared with experimental results.
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  • Optical Activity of Iron Group Selenate Crystals. II. Theoretical Analysis
    Toshiko Kato
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 192-201
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.192
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    Optical activity of crystals, the chromophors of which may be considered to be isolated, is investigated. Rotational strength for uniaxial crystals, to which electric quadrupole transition moment contributes, is derived on the basis of linear response theory. The uniaxial rotational strengths of all the spin allowed d-d transitions of NiSeO4·6H2O crystal, and of Cu2+ and Co2+ ions in ZnSeO4·6H2O crystals, are calculated by taking into account the crystalline field of the C2 symmetry acting on the metal ions, and good agreement with experiments is obtained. Anisotropic arrangement of metal ions is necessary not to cancel out the total rotational strengths. The transition mechanisms which give rise to circular dichroism (CD) bands are discussed.
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  • X-Ray Study of the Surface Layer on Barium Titanate Single Crystal
    Hiroshi Motegi
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 202-209
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.202
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    The surface of the single crystal of BaTiO3 was studied by X-ray diffraction method under a d.c. electric field. In the paraelectric phase, tetragonal surface layers are induced by the electric field. It is concluded that a large electric field exists in the surface part of the crystal whereas the interior part contributes to only a small potential drop. The migration of the negative charge is shown to play an important role for such a distribution of the electric field in the crystal. The thickness of the surface layer was determined to be 1.5×10−4 cm.
    Similar surface layer was observed in the ferroelectric phase. By taking the existence of the surface layer into account, an “actual” coercive field for the specimen of 0.32 mm thick used in the experiment was estimated to be about 1.2×105 V/cm, which is about 200 times as large as the usually reported value.
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  • Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance in Hexachloro-Ethane
    Kartar Singh, Santokh Singh
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 210-213
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.210
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    The temperature dependence of nuclear quadrupole resonance frequency has been studied in hexachloroethane. The intensities of four lines are in the ratio 2:2:1:1 which is equal to the ratio of distribution of chlorine atoms amongst various positions in the unit cell.
    The analysis of the data indicates that lattice vibration, rotation of the whole molecule and internal rotation of C–Cl3 groups are active in modulating the electric field gradient at the chlorine nuclei. These modes possess Einstein temperatures of 26 K, 72 K, and 114 K respectively. Eech of the C–Cl bonds is found to have fractional S-character and ionic contribution of 12% and 16% respectively.
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  • Ruby-Laser Induced Photoconduction in 9, 10-Dichloroanthracene and 9, 10-Dibromoanthracene
    Takusuke Izumi, Uichi Itoh
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 214-216
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.214
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    Photoconduction induced by Q-switched ruby laser has been studied in 9, 10-dichloroanthracene and 9, 10-dibromoanthracene single crystals. The dependence of induced charges on the laser intensity was measured in the region from 1023 to 3×1024 photons/cm2·s. Both compounds show the third power dependence in the higher intensity region. In the low intensity region, however, they show linear dependence. The carrier generation showing the linear dependence was explained as the process involving triplet excitons produced by the S-T absorption.
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  • Rotational Transition in an Asymmetric-Top Molecule by Electron Collision: Applications to H2O and H2CO
    Yukikazu Itikawa
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 217-226
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.217
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    A cross section formula is obtained for the electron-impact rotational transition in an asymmetric-top molecule, with use of the Born approximation. Selection rules are derived on the basis of the symmetry properties of the molecular rotational wave function. The result is applied to the electron-H2O and -H2CO collisions. Electron-molecular multipole interactions are taken to be considered and rotational cross sections are calculated for the transitions among some low-lying states.
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  • Relative Charge Transfer Efficiencies of 2P3⁄2 and 2P1⁄2 Rare-Gas Ions in Their Own Gases
    Naoshi Hishinuma
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 227-234
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.227
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    Photoionization as a source of ions was successfully used to determine relative efficiencies σ(J=1⁄2)⁄σ(J=3⁄2) for the different spin-orbit states 2P1⁄2 and 2P3⁄2 of primary ions in the symmetric charge transfer reactions of Ar+–Ar, Kr+–Kr and Xe+–Xe. The relative population of each state in the primary ion beams was estimated form previous data obtained by the energy analysis of photoelectrons. A 1/2 m Seya type vacuum-uv monochromator was used in conjunction with a hollow cathode discharge tube as a light source. For Kr and Xe the ratio σ(J=1⁄2)⁄σ(J=3⁄2) was 0.87 and 0.82 respectively at 400 eV, which increased with the incident ion energy to 0.96 and 0.88 respectively at 2000 eV, whereas for Ar the ratio was 1.05 at 1000 eV and 0.99 at 2000 eV. Discussion of the values and energy dependences of the ratios σ(J=1⁄2)⁄σ(J=3⁄2) is given.
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  • Molar Sound Velocity in Molten Metals and Electrolytes
    K. Mallikharjuna Swamy, K. Laxmi Narayana, P. Sitaramaswamy
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 235-236
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.235
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    The molar sound velocity, R, in molten metals and molten electrolytes has been computed. It is observed that R increases with increase of temperature. The value of R calculated using Rao’s equation does not agree with the value of R estimated from solution. An examination of these results, points to the conclusion that R does not have so such significance in molten metals and electrolytes as in organic solutions.
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  • Average Energy per Ion Pair for Electron in Vapours of Sevaral Dielectric Liquids
    Takeyoshi Nakayama, Minoru Kawano
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 237-243
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.237
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    The energy required to produce one ion pair, W-value, for electron in vapours of several dielectric liquids has been determined by Bragg-Gray principle. The cylindrical ionization chamber used for measurements was made of stainless steel. Its wall thickness and effective volume were 1 mm and 10 cm3, respectively. The vapours were obtained from the liquid samples for spectroscopy. The experiments were carried out up to saturated vapour pressure of these liquids at room temperature. 60Co was used for gamma-radiation source in every case. To determine the W-value for several kinds of vapours, argon, nitrogen and air were used as standards. The W-value obtained for vapours of n-hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, carbon disulphide, dichloromethane, and carbon tetrachloride were 27.9, 25.3, 29.0, 24.7, 26.1, and 26.0 eV, respectively.
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  • Effect of Beam-Like Electrons on Double Probe
    Seiichi Ariga
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 244-248
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.244
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    The properties of a double probe in a plasma with electron beam are theoretically investigated through numerical analyses. The beam whose energy is higher than the floating potential affects the double probe and deforms its characteristic curve drastically. It is clarified that the estimation of the electron temperature of the background plasma from such a deformed curve is still possible.
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  • Resonances in the Microwave Emission from a Bounded Magnetoplasma with ωp⁄ω>1 and ωc⁄ω>1
    S. J. Tetenbaum
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 249-255
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.249
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    The X-band far-field emission from RF-excited helium, neon and argon rectangular and cylindrical magnetoplasmas has been experimentally investigated in the parameter range in which both ωp⁄ω and ωc⁄ω exceed one. A series of sharp resonances was found which generally broaden and increase in amplitude and separation as the magnetic field increases. Some peaks have Q’s greater than 300. The peaks are maximized by using as high an electron energy and as low a pressure as possible. The magnetic field positions of the peaks change very little with pressure and electron energy. As suggested by Kubo, the major features of these peaks can be explained in terms of the formation of standing waves at an angle to the applied magnetic field with their propagation vectors, k, quantized by the dimensions of the plasma. Two series of peaks are observed, one corresponding to emission into free-space of an ordinary wave (E||B; k⊥B), and the other to emission of an extraordinary wave (E⊥B; k⊥B).
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  • Internal Feedback in a Plasma and Control of Instabilities by an External Feedback
    Takashige Tsukishima, Atsushi Mase
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 256-259
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.256
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    An internal feedback mechanism responsible for the natural excitation of instabilities in a plasma and its diagramatical representation similar to that for the conventional feedback amplifier are proposed. A theory is also developed, where the internal feedback is linked with an external feedback loop to obtain an unified account for the feedback control of the instabilities.
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  • Modulated Electoromagnetic Waves in Nonlinear Dispersive Media
    Masahiro Agu
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 260-269
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.260
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    The full description of modulated electromagnetic waves in a dispersive medium with cubic nonlinearity is derived with the use of the concept of quasi-particle. The conservation laws of occupation number (action), phase, energy and momentum of quasi-particle (modulated wave) are derived. An equilibrium state in a gas of quasi-particle is shown from the conservation law of occupation number. With the use of a generalized basic equation, a solitary wave (soliton) and the two types of instabilities in two-wave interaction are discussed. If the two-wave interaction is negatively (positively) dissipative, the instability of each wave is enhanced (quenched) with each other.
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  • Radiation of a Dipole in a Lossy Half-Space
    Akira Yokoyama
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 270-278
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.270
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    By the application of the method of operators asymptotic expressions of the Hertz vector for the radiation of a dipole in a lossy half-space are obtained under the exclusive condition k2R0>>1, where k2 is the wave number for free space, and R0 is the distance from the median between the dipole and its image to the observing point. A method to obtain the asymptotic expansion for the Hertz vector in the general case is given, by means of which formulas applicable even to the near field are obtained in a relatively in a relatively simple from under the condition practically admitted, in particular without restrictions on the position of the receiving point in air. The result is compared with others previously appeared, and when k2R0<<1 assures its agreement with the one derived by the quasi-static approach.
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  • Wave Propagation through a Josephson-Junction Transmission Line
    Ryogo Hirota
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 279
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.279
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  • Resistance Minimum in Iron-Titanium Compounds, Fe1−xTi1+x, with the CsCl-Type Structure
    Kôki Ikeda, Takurô Nakamichi, Mikio Yamamoto
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 280
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.280
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  • New Compounds of the Clb, Cl Types of RhMnSb, IrMnSn and IrMnAl, New L21 (Heusler) Type of Ir2MnAl and Rh2MnAl Alloys, and Magnetic Properties
    Hakaru Masumoto, Kiyoshi Watanabe
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 281
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.281
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  • Temperature Dependence of Magnetic Axes in NiCl26H2O
    Akio Nakanishi, Kiichi Okuda, Muneyuki Date
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 282
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.282
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  • The Ec-0.2 eV Level in Irradiated n-Type Germanium
    Noboru Fukuoka, Yukichi Tatsumi, Haruo Saito, John W. Cleland
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 283-284
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.283
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  • Specific Heat of CoS2
    Shinya Waki, Shinji Ogawa
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 284
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.284
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  • Anomalies Due to s-d Interaction in a Heusler Type Dilute Alloy Cu2NiSn–Mn
    Keizo Endo, Katsuyoshi Tabushi, Ren’iti Kimura
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 285
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.285
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  • Effect of the Conduction Electron Loss on the High-Power ESR of Copper Manganese Dilute Alloys
    Nobumori Kinoshita, Akira Nakamura, Yoshikazu Nishihara
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 286
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.286
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  • Size-Dependence of Slip Morphology in Thin Silver Single Crystals
    Kenji Wakashima, Sigemaro Nagakura
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 287
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.287
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  • New Polytypes with 1 in Their Zhdanov Symbols of ZnS Crystal Grown in Vapour Phase
    Sanae Kume, Etsuko Kodera, Toshiro Aikami, Jiro Kakinoki
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 288
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.288
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  • A New Tensile Testing Device Usable at −150°C for Electron Microscopic Observation
    Hiroyasu Saka, Kenji Noda, Toru Imura
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 289
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.289
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  • Equilibrium and Current Distribution of Toroidal Plasma in Axially Symmetric System
    Teruaki Matsui, Takayoshi Okuda
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 290
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.290
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  • The Cumulative Ionization Effect on the Plasma Electron Temperature
    Toshihiko Dote
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 291
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.291
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  • Radial Density Distribution and Field Fluctuation of Conducting Wall Tube in Turbulent Positive Column
    Hiroshi Sato, Michio Matsumoto, Takeshi Takashima, Yoshiei Nakano
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 292
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.292
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  • An Extended Thomas-Fermi-Dirac Theory for Diatomic Molecule
    Katsumi Yonei
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 293A
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.293A
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  • Fluorescence Spectra of Phythalocyanine Single Crystals
    Katumi Yoshino, Keiichi Kaneto, Jun Kyokane, Yoshio Inuishi
    1972 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 293B
    Published: January 05, 1972
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.32.293B
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