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Volume 14, Issue 11
Displaying 1-35 of 35 articles from this issue
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Junpei Sanada1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1463-1471
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe Scattering of protons by helium has been investigated from 9.2 MeV to 14.5 MeV with the INSJ variable-energy 160 cm cyclotron. The full angular distribution curves were taken at 12.04 MeV and 14.32 MeV. Both curves have a minimum at 115° and show the evidence of Coulomb-nuclear interference, though very small, at near 18° in the center-of-mass system. Tentative phase shift analysis has been made. It was found that the D-wave phase shifts are closely related with the shape of angular distribution at forward angles and they are small but cannot be neglected. Excitation curves between 9.2 MeV and 14.5 MeV were also taken at four angles of 25°31′, 49°21′, 90°0′ and 168°41′ in the center-of-mass system. k2σ(θ) versus energy curve increase gradually with proton energy. They display no new state in Li5 except the \frac12− first excited state. The differential cross sections at energies near 9.5 MeV have served to resolve the confliction between the values hitherto obtained.View full abstractDownload PDF (1068K) -
Saburo Miyake, Kensaku Hinotani, Itsuo Katsumata, Tatsunosuke Kaneko1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1471-1474
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA large multiplate cloud chamber has been constructed for the observation of the extensive air showers by extremely high energy cosmic radiations. Its dimensions of sensitive volume are 200 cm wide, 130 cm high and 90 cm deep. It contains 21 sheets of lead plate of 1 cm thick, so that the total thickness of the absorber corresponds to about 48 radiation length or about three times of nuclear interaction mean free path. The design and operational character are reported in this paper.View full abstractDownload PDF (1640K) -
Takeyasu Kotera, Morikazu Toda1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1475-1490
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe Brownian motion of a harmonic oscillator is treated quantum-mechanically and the same method is applied to the relaxation of a spin. The method is quite general and applicable to a system displaced from the equilibrium state by an arbitrary amount initially. The oscillator or the spin is interacting with a thermostat composed of a great number of harmonic oscillators. The equation of motion is solved in operator form taking average as to the thermostat to the second order of the interaction parameter. The Langevin equation, the Kramers-Chandra-sekhar equation for a harmonic oscillator and the Bloch equation for a static field are derived.View full abstractDownload PDF (1270K) -
Shunji Imamura1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1491-1496
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSSystematic studies of the preparation procedures and the electrical characteristics of the alkali antimonides, such as sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium antimonides, were carried out. It has been found that these antimonides can be classified into two groups, i.e., a group which transits from p-type to n-type with successive activation, e.g. sodium and potassium antimonides, and a group which keeps constantly p-type, e.g. cesium antimonide. Rubidium antimonide was recognized to be an intermediate compound lying between these two groups. Supply of excess alkali metal, deposition of additional antimony and superficial oxidation gave remarkable effects on the dark and photoconductivity and the photoemission, but these effects proceeded in opposite derections in these two groups. With decreasing temperature, the mobility of n-type compound decreased, whereas that of p-type one increased. A picture of impurity states in these compounds was proposed in order to interprete the above mentioned phenomena, taking the ionic radius of alkali atom and the crystal structure into consideration.View full abstractDownload PDF (820K) -
Shunji Imamura1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1497-1505
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSPhotoemission, photoconduction and optical absorption of sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium antimonides were studied at several stages in the course of preparation. In the former three, supply of excess alkali atoms caused the decrease in optical absorption and photoemission at the photon energies higher than the absorption edge, whereas in the last one these phenomena were not remarkable. Photoconduction characteristics were interpreted by assuming two impurity states (donor and acceptor) in each antimonide. At last, two kinds of energy band structures in k-space were proposed on the basis of the crystal structures (cubic and hexagonal), using the energy values obtained from measurements.View full abstractDownload PDF (1004K) -
Masayoshi Sakamoto1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1506-1512
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSEffects of thermal quenching on KCl crystals were studied in both clear and colored specimens. These were subjected to two types of quenching, down- and up-quenching. The etching method was carried out to examine generated dislocations and the photoelastic method was used to see the distribution of the residual stresses.
The results of the experiments are as follows: (1) Generated dislocations, distributing from the crystal surface toward the interior, were perceived. (2) They ranged over a lunar area along the edges in the cross section of the specimen. (3) The range, in which the residual stresses exist, has also the same lunar form along the edges. Therefore, the residual stresses are considered as resulting from the thermal generation of slips. These experimental facts can be explained on the basis of thermal stresses.View full abstractDownload PDF (1736K) -
Kunio Fujiwara1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1513-1524
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe calculation of Artmann (quoted in Raether’s article in Hand. Phys. 32 475) for the wave function of electrons in a crystal due to the first order Born approximation was extended to higher order approximations by iterated integrations. As the result, Cowley and Moodie’s formula (Acta Cryst. 10 (1957) 609) for the multiple elastic scattering of electrons by crystal was reobtained in an improved form. The convergency of the higher order terms was illustrated by the numerical calculations on two simple examples. An elementary application was also made to the moiré patterns in electronmicrographs.View full abstractDownload PDF (1184K) -
Mitsuo Shimoji1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1525-1537
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA simplified theoretical treatment of the excess energy of a binary metallic solution, which is based upon a principle of the cellular approximation, is presented. The average size of the atomic polyhedron of a metallic solution, corresponding to the boundary correction of the metallic state, is determined under the condition of a minimum of the total energy of the system. This calculation contains many factors such as the effects of the lowest energy of the valence electrons, the Fermi energy, the interelectronic energy, the ion-core repulsive energy, the van der Waals energy etc. As the purpose of any theory of metallic solutions is to predict the excess quantities from the knowledge of the properties of the pure components, a semi-empirical expression determined only from the quantities of the pure metals is employed in some parts for the estimation of the above factors quantitatively. The present calculation is free from the classical elasticity theory which has been used in the theories of solid solutions, some difficulties having been pointed out. Furthermore, the energetic asymmetry of most metallic solutions can qualitatively or quantitatively be explained by the present treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (1776K) -
Shoichi Mase1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1538-1550
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSAlgebraic method to construct irreducible representations of space groups is presented by making an example of white tin having screw axes and glide planes in the symmetry operations. In present method it is enough to treat explicitly at most only symmetry elements equal in number to the operations of the point group to which concerned lattice belongs, regardless of the cases with or without spin and also of interior points or the points of the Brillouin zone boundary. This becomes very simplification compared to usual group-theoretical method.View full abstractDownload PDF (1280K) -
Jun’ichi Okada1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1550-1557
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe lifetime of excess carriers in a nondegenerate semiconductor which is illuminated with a light in fundamental absorption band and a longer wavelength light is discussed. The recombination equations for many recombination-center levels in the presence of a steady external illumination are formulated. For steady-state case these equations can be solved exactly, but transient solutions are obtained only for specific cases. These results show that both steady-state and transient lifetimes are identical for small densities of recombination centers. This simple lifetime for single recombination-center level case is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (708K) -
Fuminori Fujimoto1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1558-1568
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA new formulation of the theory of electron diffraction for the Laue-case, based upon the matrix representation of Niehrs and Wagner, is presented by introducing the scattering matrix for an electron elastically scattered by a plate-like crystal. The intensity and also the integrated intensity of reflections for thin crystals are computed. The results obtained here indicate that the intensity does not approach to that of the pseudo-kinematical theory, but to that of the kinematical theory. The theory predicts also the failure of Friedel’s law in the case of non centro-symmetric crystals. The formula for the scattered amplitude can be transformed into the form which coincides with the result given by Cowley and Moodie derived on the basis of the Huygens’ principle.View full abstractDownload PDF (1048K) -
Itsuo Mikami, Tokutaro Hirone, Hiroshi Watanabe, Seijiro Maeda, Kengo ...1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1568-1572
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSMeasurement of the magnetic anisotropy energy of a single crystal of natural pyrrhotite in c-plane was made by means of the torque method at room temperature up to a magnetic field of 20000 oe and at low temperature in a constant field. It was found that the easy axis lay along [2\bar10] direction above −80°C which, however, changed to [100] direction below that temperature. The torque curves in c-plane were composed of two- and six-fold symmetric parts. It was also found that in the range of strong magnetic fields the six-fold symmetric part at room temperature decreased with the inverse square of the applied field; such a field dependence is explained assuming a triad structure for the single crystal of pyrrhotite. A remark is also given on the origin of the two-fold symmetric torque.View full abstractDownload PDF (612K) -
Shintaro Sugai1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1573-1582
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSAqueous solutions, containing disolved oxygen, of sodium salt of carboxy-methyl cellulose and of polyacrylic acid and so on were irradiated with γ-rays from Co60 or with 90 KV X-rays, and the degeneration of molecules in the solutions brought about under various conditions was studied by viscometric, ultracentrifugal, and electrical measurements.
Ideal indirect kinetics of main chain fractures through activated water has been recognized in all the cases from highly concentrated solutions to fairly diluted ones. In the case of extremely diluted solutions, however, free-radical recombination seems to make the reaction inefficient.
From a simple consideration of these fact, a certain information as to the molecular extension and form in the solution has been derived.
Inclusion of salts and alcohols in the solution protects effectively the degeneration due to irradiation, which can be explained satisfactorily likewise on the assumption of “indirect effect”.
The molecular contraction and change of molecular form caused by the inclusion of salts have been estimated.
The irradiation effect on dilute solutions of non-electrolyte polymers was also investigated. The efficiency of chain fractures comes out not much smaller than in the case of polyelectrolyte molecules in the same concentration range. Here the rate of fracture seems to indicate again the “indirect effect”.
It may therefore be concluded that electrical charges on polyelectrolyte molecules, in a certain range, are not essential for degradation and their extension is not much different from that of non-electrolyte molecules.
It has been observed that, in the case of concentrated polyelectrolyte solutions containing oxygen, irradiation does not give rise to formation of gel, although micro-gel may be formed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1364K) -
Zenya Funatogawa, Nahonori Miyata, Seiji Usami1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1583-1587
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSFerromagnetic resonance absorption of microwave (9300 Mc/s) in synthetic single crystals of MnxFe3−xO4 (0.2≤x≤1.15) has been investigated to study their magnetic crystalline anisotropy, g-factor and line width. The pronounced valley in the curve, magnetic crystalline anisotropy (−K1⁄M) vs. composition (x), was observed in the temperature region between 90°K and 300°K. −K1⁄M was a minimum in the region 0.6<x<0.7 and changed its sign. g-value and line width decreased with x more rapidly in the region x<0.6 than x>0.6. It seems difficult to explain these experimental results on the view point of one-ion-model which proved successful in many other ferrites.View full abstractDownload PDF (644K) -
Eiji Tatsumoto, Tetsuhiko Okamoto1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1588-1594
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe magnetostriction constants λ100 and λ111 of Fe, 1.08 and 3.83% Si-Fe have been measured by using single crystals at temperatures below Curie point down to liquid air temperature with two newly designed apparatuses.
In iron, λ100 has a minimum around 400°K, while λ111 monotonously decreases in numeral with increasing temperature. Addition of silicon to iron has a tendency to make the minimum in λ100 disappear and to decrease λ111 numerically at any temperature, retaining the similar monotonous variation with temperature.
Several existing theories have been applied to account for the experimental results, but no theory appears to be successful in interpreting them.View full abstractDownload PDF (1032K) -
Hiroshi Takuma, Tadao Shimizu, Koichi Shimoda1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1595-1599
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe magnetic hyperfine structure in J=3, K−1=1, ΔJ=0 transition of formaldehyde at 29 Gc/sec was studied by a beam type maser spectrometer. The hyperfine components corresponding to ΔF=0 transitions were observed with good signal-to-noise ratio. The splittings are measured as 23.0 kc/sec and 10.4 kc/sec which are compared with theory. As well as the I·J coupling, spin-spin interaction term I1·I2 between the two protons is fairly large and cannot be neglected. Coupling constants were determined as μN2gH2r−3=19.9 kc/sec and ∑\limitsg⟨Jg2⟩(A1g+A2g)=54.6 kc/sec.View full abstractDownload PDF (564K) -
Shobu Kaneko1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1600-1611
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe perturbation method is applied to the Hartree-Fock equation to calculate the dipole polarizabilities, the results being a coupled set of integro-differential equations. This theory is applied to helium and makes clear the accuracy of the Sternheimer approximation. The calculated value of the polarizability by this theory is about ten per cent smaller than the value obtained by the Sternheimer approximation. For neon and argon calculations are made by use of the Sternheimer approximation. All the calculated values of the polarizabilities are compared with the values obtained by other authors and the experimental values. The calculated value for helium agrees quite well with the experimental one and for neon and argon the calculated values are about 1.5 times the experimental ones.View full abstractDownload PDF (1176K) -
Hiroshi Kamimura, Satoru Sugano1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1612-1621
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIn order to explain the 3050Å and 4750Å emissions of KCl:Tl phosphor which are raised by excitation in any of the absorption bands, a multi-dimensional configuration coordinate model is introduced. This is achieved by taking into account the Jahn-Teller effect for the excited states of the thallium ion. The Jahn-Teller effect is treated by means of an intermediate coupling scheme within the 6s6p configuration, because the mixing of the 3P and 1P states by the spin-orbit interaction is essential to understand the optical properties. It is shown that introduction of a tetragonal distortion of the emission center is able to explain the luminescence processes of this phosphor both semi-quantitatively and qualitatively: Under the tetragonal and trigonal distortions, both the crossing of the pure spin singlet 1P and triplet 3P curves and the appearance of two minima in the 3P1 energy curves are expected. The former accounts for the non-radiative transition from the 1P1 state to the 3P1 state and the latter does for the two emission bands. The two types of distortions are equally able to give semi-quantitative agreement of the relative strengths of the absorption and emission bands with experiments, but only the tetragonal distortion explains the polarization of the 3050Å emission observed.
Finally Johnson and Williams’ model is criticized.View full abstractDownload PDF (1232K) -
Goro Kuwabara, Akira Misu, Toshimitsu Watanabe, Yoshio Nishiyama1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1621-1624
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe photoconductivity and luminescence of additively colored KCl crystals by excitation with light in the F band were measured at room temperature as a function of the M center concentration. With the growth of the M band, the photocurrent decreased, while the emission intensity increased. This result would suggest that for a crystal containing M centers the photoconductivity due to the F center and the luminescence due to the M center are the competing processes in the excited state of F centers.View full abstractDownload PDF (404K) -
Kiyoshi Murakawa1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1624-1633
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSAnalysis of the spectrum of Hg I resulted in locating the level 5d96s26p 1F3 in the range 4392–4139 cm−1 measured from the ionization limit or 79792–80045 cm−1 measured from the normal state. The compositions of some levels of the configurations 5d96s26p and 5d106s6p were calculated.
The hfs of some lines of the mercury spectrum was measured, using enriched isotope as well as natural mercury. The quadrupole moment of Hg201 that was deduced from the hfs of 5d96s26p 1D2 is 0.43 barn (1 barn=10−24 cm2), the shielding correction being neglected. If the correction is introduced, this becomes somewhat smaller, but is still in reasonable agreement with the value 0.42 barn that was published previously by the author. The agreement seems to indicate that the wave functions for the configuration 5d96s26p given in the present work are accurate enough for calculating the quadrupole moment. It is concluded that Q(Hg201)=0.42 barn, the shielding correction being included.View full abstractDownload PDF (1660K) -
Shin-ya Miyatani1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1634
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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Syôhei Miyahara, Tokio Yamadaya1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1635
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Akira Ikushima1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1636
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Mikio Takeyama, Shiro Hamamura, Toshiatsu Oda1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1637-1638
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Makoto Kikuchi, Sigeru Iizima1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1638
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Kazuko Motizuki, Takeo Nagamiya1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1639-1640
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Mikio Tsuji1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1640
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Noriaki Itoh, Tokuo Suita1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1641-1642
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Makoto Kikuchi, Mitsuyoshi Saito1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1642
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Kenzi Hukuda, Jiro Ishii, Zenêmon Miduno1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1643-1644
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Shoichi Mase, Sei-ichi Tanuma1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1644-1645
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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P. G. Morgan1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1645
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Yoshibumi Fujiki1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1646A
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Zensho Ishii, Kazutake Kohra1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1646B
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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Mitsuru Yoshimatsu, Kazutake Kohra1959 Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 1646C
Published: November 05, 1959
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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