Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
Volume 15, Issue 2
Displaying 1-35 of 35 articles from this issue
  • Haruhiko Morinaga, Tokihiro Kuroyanagi, Hidehiko Mitsui, Katsufusa Sho ...
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 213-217
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Three previously unknown isotopes, Co63, Ca75, and As81 were identified from the (γ, p) reactions on natural nickel, germanium, and selenium. Their radiations were investigated with the aid of scintillation spectrometers. Decay characteristics are as follows:
    (Remark: Graphics omitted.)
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  • Masao Shimizu
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 217-219
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The stability of an electron gas at low density is discussed on the basis of the energy spectrum of a quasi-particle which has been given by the Bohm-Pines theory.
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  • Soji Nenno, J. W. Kauffman
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 220-226
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    In order to obtain a direct information concerning the equilibrium vacancy concentrations and the energy of formation of a vacancy in Al, a method of combining the bulk and lattice thermal expansion measurements was used. In the present work, only the lattice thermal expansion measurements on 99.996% pure Al were made. The data obtained were analyzed using bulk thermal expansion data on Al of the same purity available in the literature. The concentration of vacancies increases exponentially with temperature and its value at the melting point is (1.1±0.2)×10−3 and the energy of formation of a vacancy is estimated to be (0.64±0.12)eV.
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  • Par Nobuzo Terao
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 227-230
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The transformation of nickel lattices under the influence of nitrogen as an insertion impurity has been followed by electron diffraction after nitriding thin monocrystalline evaporated films of nickel in an atmosphere of ammoniac at different temperatures.
    As established previously, the nitriding process occurs as follows: Ni(f.c.c., a=3.52 Å)→Ni4N(f.c.c., a=3.72 Å)→Ni3N(hexagonal).
    In this work, a detailed study of some anomalous diffraction spots reported, but not interpreted in a previous work, has been undertaken. It has been found that these anomalous diffraction spots appear rather clearly on the specimens nitrided at 230–240°C and they belong to a new form of Ni4N which is no longer cubic but tetragonal. Its lattice parameters are:
    a=b=3.72 Å;c=2c*=7.28 Å
    These interpretations provide evidence of existence of two forms of Ni4N: one cubic: Ni N(I) and the other, tetragonal: Ni3N(II). The tetragonal form Ni4N(II) is derived from the cubic form Ni4N(I). This occurs as follows: Two elementary lattices of cubic Ni4N(I) join together after contraction along [c] axis (from c=3.72 Å to c*=3.64 Å) and form a unit cell of the tetragonal form. The two other axes [a] and [b] conserve their initial value of 3.72 Å(c*a=0.98).
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  • Hiroshi Nimura
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 231-239
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    By the convergent X-ray beam method with transmission type monochromator by Kato (Acta Met. 5 (1957) 237), crystal texture of as-grown LiF single crystals is studied for thick as well as thin specimens. It is found that the topographic as well as the goniometric information is obtainable on a diffraction photograph by the profitable use of the convergent incident beam.
    Observation of surface texture is also carried out by etching method to interpret more thoroughly the fine structure of diffraction pattern.
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  • Toshio Shiraiwa
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 240-250
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    In the interpretation of the fine structure of the x-ray absorption spectrum in solids, the life time of the state of the electron ejected by a photon is considered. With the assumption that the inelastic cross section of collision between the electron and an atom has a magnitude of the order of one square Angstrom, Kronig’s method for molecules is applied to solids in order to obtain the variation of the transition probability. The wave function of the final state of the transition is obtained as the sum of the plane wave, whose amplitude decreases with increasing distance from the atom which ejected the electron, and the waves scattered by the neighboring atoms. The scattering amplitude is calculated numerically for the Hartree field of the atom. Calculations are applied to the K-absorption spectra of copper and titanium and to K-absorption spectra of titanium in the two modifications of titanium dioxides, rutile and anatase. The calculated results agree well with experiments in copper and titanium, and the agreements become worse in titanium dioxides.
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  • S\={o}shin Chikazumi, Kenz\={o} Suzuki, Hiroko Iwata
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 250-260
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Magnetic anisotropy was measured on the several single crystals of Fe3Al which were rolled in definite crystallographic directions. Rolling on (110) and parallel to [001] induced the uniaxial anisotropy as large as 7.1×105 erg/cc at only 12% reduction. The direction of easy magnetization in this case was parallel to roll direction, which was also confirmed by the observation of domain pattern. (110)[1\bar10], (001)[010] and (001)[110] rolling were also investigated.
    Calculations, were made on the roll magnetic anisotropy in terms of the “slip-induced directional order,” under the assumption of {110}⟨111⟩ slip system. It was found that dipole-dipole interaction between second nearest neighbors must be taken into consideration in order to explain the experimental facts.
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  • Tomoyasu Tanaka, Y\={o}ichi Ishida
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 261-269
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    In vinylic high polymers, there are two absorption mechanisms, one is at high temperatures and the other at low temperatures. From a general consideration, it is possible to separate the motion of high polymer molecule into two distinct modes, rotation and vibration. The high temperature absorption is attributed to the rotational relaxation and the low temperature absorption to the vibrational relaxation. A formal relation is obtained which connects the low temperature absorption curve to the vibrational frequency spectrum.
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  • Eiko Hiroike
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 270-284
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A general formula for the coupling constant JHH′ between two hydrogen nuclei is derived by means of the valence bond method. Almost all the structures, which are obtained by Rumer’s theorem, are taken into account. The calculated value of JHH′ in a methane molecule is 12.1 sec.−1, which is in good agreement with experiment. It is shown that an approximate formula for JHH′, which is derived from the general one, is convenient to discuss the qualitative behavior of JHH′.
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  • Takeshi Kojima
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 284-287
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The microwave spectrum of phenol, C612H5O16H, was measured in the frequency range from 15 to 30 Gc/sec. A majority of the spectral lines was found to be doublet, which was explained as the effect of internal rotation of the OH-group in a hindering potential of the form V=(V2⁄2)×(1−cos2x). The barrier height, V2 was determined to be 1100±100 cm−1 from the observed splittings.
    By the use of a rigid rotor model, the effective rotational constants were calculated to be A=5650.46 Mc/sec, B=2619.20 Mc/sec and C=1789.84 Mc/sec. From these values, the OH-bond in its equilibrium configuration was found to lie on the plane comprising the C6H5-group.
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  • Yonezo Morino, Masaharu Toyama
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 288-296
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    A study of the Cl35 resonance spectrum was carried out at the room temperature on a single crystal of 1, 3, 5-trichlorobenzene. Spatial orientation of the C–Cl bonds was determined to the accuracy of 1° . An orthorhombic structure was concluded, with the unit cell containing at least four equivalent molecules oriented with the symmetry of D2h. The angles between the C–Cl bonds in each molecule were close to the hexagonal angle, but one of the C–Cl bonds was deformed by ca. 1.6° from the plane of the other two. The asymmetry parameters were observed to be 0.093, 0.111, and 0.129 for three absorption lines, 35.020 Mc, 35.296 Mc, and 35.545 Mc, respectively. The results were discussed from the viewpoint of intermolecular interaction.
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  • Takahiro Kasuya, Takeshi Oka
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 296-303
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Microwave spectrum of ethyl iodide molecule C2H5I was studied. The obtained rotational constants are: A=29106.2±0.5 Mc/sec, B=2979.2±0.1 Mc/sec and C=2797.1±0.1 Mc/sec, which lead to the structure as dCI=2.139±0.005 Å and ∠CCI=112°10′±20′ with the assumption of dCC=1.54 Å. The calculation of the second order quadrupole effects for slightly asymmetric molecule with a plane of symmetry gave the asymmetry parameter η=(qbbqcc)⁄qaa of 0.205±0.005 and ξ=qabqaa of −0.57±0.05 as well as the coupling constant eqQ of −1771±10 Mc/sec along C–I bond. The components of the electric dipole moment were determined to be μa=1.75±0.05 D and μb=0.25±0.1 D. Centrifugal constants were obtained as DK=0.36±0.05 Mc/sec, DJK=−0.151±0.005 Mc/sec and DJ<0.05 Mc/sec.
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  • Kunitaka Kondo, Hiromasa Hirakawa, Akira Miyahara, Takeshi Oka, Koichi ...
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 303-306
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Zeeman effects in the absorption spectra of formaldehyde H2CO, HDCO, and D2CO were studied in microwave region with magnetic field of 1500∼300 oersteds. The effective g-values in several rotational states and the elements of g-tensor gaa, gbb, and gcc of these molecules were determined.
    Dependences of the effective g-values on the rotational quantum numbers J, τ were consistent among these isotopically substituted molecules. The components of the g-tensors of these molecules have been found to be gaa=2.86±0.04 for H2CO, 2.00±0.05 for HDCO, and 1.46±0.05 for D2CO. They are extraordinarily large compared to those of other molecules already known. A brief qualitative interpretation is given.
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  • Kunitaka Kondo, Takeshi Oka
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 307-314
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The combined Stark-Zeeman effects for asymmetric top molecules with no accidental degeneracies are studied by perturbation treatments. The theory was applied successfully to the analysis of the experimental results of Stark-Zeeman effect on the microwave spectrum of formaldehyde H2CO. By the influence of the electric field perpendicular to the magnetic field, split components of the transition 211→212 which, in the magnetic quantum number M, correspond to ΔM=±3 were observed. These components allowed a precise determination of the molecular g-factor for this transition.
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  • Masao Tomura, Yôzo Kaifu
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 314-320
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Luminescences from KBr/KI single crystals were observed. Two kinds of them were found. The one was attributed to localized I ions and the other to aggregated I ions. They suffered Stokes shift and were quenched thermally at room temperature. In cases of large concentration of KI, both emissions coincided with each other, while a new emission appeared which was coincident with that observed in pure KI crystals. And the nature of exciton in alkali halide was discussed.
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  • Michiru Yasuhara
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 321-325
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    An exact solution of the flow of a viscous, electrically conducting fluid with an externally imposed magnetic field normal to the wall is obtained for the incompressible flow along a circular cylinder or a flat plate with uniform suction. Analytical results show that if the Alfvén wave velocity is smaller than the suction velocity, a physically possible solution is obtained under a given boundary condition, and that the applied magnetic field acts on the flow as a decelerating action as expected from the general property of magnetic force, and as a result of this nature, the coefficient of skin-friction is reduced and that of Maxwell’s stress is increased, while the total drag is kept unchanged. Further, the solution reduces to that of the asymptotic suction flow of a non-conducting fluid when the magnetic field tends to zero.
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  • Takeo Sakurai
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 326-333
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Two dimensional flow of an ideal gas with small electric conductivity past a thin profile is investigated. The applied uniform magnetic field is assumed to make a small angle with the uniform flow at infinity. The usual thin wing expansion technique is applied and the linearized equation is derived. The linearized equation is solved for the case of flow past a symmetric profile using an approximate method similar to that of Oseen in the theory of viscous flow, and the first order effects of the conductivity and of the angle of inclination are examined. The subsonic as well as the supersonic flow cases are considered, and the lift and the drag due to the magnetic field are obtained. In the subsonic case, the lift vanishes while the drag is positive for any profile. In the supersonic case, the lift is found to be negatively proportional to the angle of inclination, while the drag is not affected by the presence of the magnetic field. An intuitive explanation of the results is also included.
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  • Shinzan Sôma, Yû Takeuchi
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 333-336
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A new type of gas detector with two thermisters and two thermister-cells was designed. Two thermisters were enclosed in each thermister-cells respectively, one of the cells having a porous window through which gases may run into the cell from the outside. Measuring the thermal conductivity of gas permeating into the cell through the porous window, we can detect the gas with high sensitivity. Since the cell is small, the time response is quick, and the sensitivity is increased because of the self-heating effect of the thermister. Using this method, we have been able to detect 0.01% hydrogen contained in air.
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  • Hiroshi Fujita
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 336-339
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The theory of Meselson et al. for the sedimentation equilibrium of a macromolecular solute in a density gradient of a low-molecular-weight substance is corrected for the thermodynamic non-ideality of the system. It is shown that equilibrium experiment of this type allows determination of the molecular weight of the macromolecular component if the “solvation” parameter at the limit of zero concentration of the macromolecule is constant throughout the cell.
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  • Wataru Segawa
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 339-344
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Classical Maxwell’s formula in the case of a single relaxation time is extended so as to be applicable to three-dimensional and large deformation. It is also shown that for small deformations the derived formula is reduced to Alfrey’s formula which is valid for three-dimensional and small deformation.
    Application to simple elongation is shown to be satisfactory.
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  • M. Krishnamurthi, M. Suryanarayana
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 345-348
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Using the pulse method in the range of 2 to 26 Mc’s the ultrasonic absorption, velocity and the adiabatic compressibility have been studied in eleven aqueous acetate solutions up to a concentration of 1 mole/litre. The substances studied are the acetates of lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, zinc, cadmium and lead. Absorption in mercuric acetate has been studied only at 2 and 6 Mc/s. Two regions of relaxation are noticed, one below 10 Mc/s and the other between 10 and 26 Mc/s. The first relaxation is ascribed to the dissociation reaction of the salt and the second one to the monomer-dimer reaction of the acetic acid formed by the hydrolysis of the salt in water.
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  • M. Krishnamurthi, M. Suryanarayana
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 349-352
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Ultrasonic absorption has been studied by the pulse technique in the binary mixtures of acetic acid in water, methyl and ethyl alcohols and covers a range of 2 to 26 Mc/s. The mixtures are studied from 0 to 100% by weight of the acid. In all the three mixtures, two relaxation processes are observed, the first occurring below the frequency range of the study. The second one occurs near 20 Mc/s in the acid-water mixtures and at much higher frequencies in the other cases. It is qualitatively explained that the monomer-dimer reaction of the acetic acid giving a relaxation near 1 Mc/s has shifted to a higher frequency when mixed in a solvent thus giving rise to a second relaxation in the mixtures.
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  • Yoshitaka Furukawa
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 353
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • George Van Dyke Tiers
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 354
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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  • Shoji Kojima, Midori Minematsu
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 355
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Shoichi Annaka, J. L. Amorós
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 356-357
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Makoto Kikuchi, Sigeru Iizima
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 357
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Naoshi Mutsuro, Kazuo Sato, Masanori Mishina
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 358
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Kaizo Kuwahara, Mitita Goto
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 359
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Rokuroh Naya, Miyuki Murakami, Eiji Hirahara
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 360-361
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Susumu Morita, Nawoyuki Kawai, Naoyuki Takano, Yorio Gotô, Reiko ...
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 361-362
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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  • Takao Kurata, Kiichi Komatsubara
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 362-363
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Kenkichi Okada
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 363-364
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Tatsuo Tabata, Hisae Fukuda, Kotoyuki Okano
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 364-365
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Itaru Nonaka, Hisashi Yamaguchi, Takashi Mikumo, Iwao Umeda, Tatsuo Ta ...
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 365
    Published: February 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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