Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
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Volume 47, Issue 3
Displaying 1-50 of 64 articles from this issue
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  • Detection Method of Neutrino Interaction in the Vertical Emulsion Target of Hybrid Apparatus
    Hiroyuki Fuchi, Kaoru Hoshino, Shuichi Kuramata, Kiyoshi Niu, Kimio Ni ...
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 687-694
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.687
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    A new method of detecting interaction vertices applicable to a vertical emulsion target of a hybrid apparatus has been studied. It is shown that even a white neutrino interaction with no heavily ionizing track can be detected with high efficiency by following back a secondary track predicted by down-stream detectors. The scanning time needed is far shorter than that of conventional volume scanning method.
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  • The Spin-Expansion Hamiltonian and Quadrupole Moments of the Even Os Nuclei
    Yoshishige Yamazaki, E. B. Shera, M. V. Hoehn, H. D. Wohlfahrt, R. M. ...
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 695-698
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.695
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    The relationship between the various E2 moments of deformed nuclei are derived from a phenomenological model based on a minimum set of assumptions. The quadrupole moments of the lowest 2+ states of the even Os isotopes computed on the basis of this “spin-expansion” Hamiltonian are found to agree with recent muonic X-ray measurements. The spin-dependence of the band mixing parameters, which is not adequately represented by the Kumar-Baranger model, is found to be important in characterizing the heavier Os isotopes.
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  • Linear Response of One Dimensional Nonlinear System. I. Dynamical Properties of the φ4 Chain
    Masatoshi Imada
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 699-705
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.699
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    The linear response theory of the one dimensional nonlinear systems is formulated in the limit of the overdamping. Transfer integral method is applied to investigate the dynamical structure factor S(k=0, ω). The equation of motion for the distribution function is reduced to a set of independent equations for normal modes. As an example the structure factor for the φ4 chain is calculated to be the sum of a very narrow central peak and a broad overdamped phonon peak. The origin of the former is supposed to be the domain wall motion.
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  • New Lattice Softening Mechanism in the Quasi-One-Dimensional TCNQ Conductors
    Kunihiko Yamaji
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 706-719
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.706
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    A 1-d model system embodying the features of the TCNQ conductors is worked out in order to study on the softening of the TA phonon mode caused by the interaction with the intramolecular electric polarizations of the TCNQ− ions. We obtain Green’s function for the renormalized phonon mode in two approximate methods and find that this mode is actually softened around the so-called 2KF wavenumber. The polarization wave mode softens at this wavenumber, pressing down the phonon mode, as the electron distribution develops the Wigner-crystal-like short range order with decreasing temperature. This situation is simulated numerically for a simple case and found very similar to that observed experimentally. Appearance of the spontaneous polarization at 0 K proves a sufficient condition for completely softening the phonon mode. The softening in TTF-TCNQ is attributed to the 2-d tight arrangement of the TCNQ molecules in the bc-plane. This reasoning is reinforced by a numerical simulation of a 2-d model of classical electrons.
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  • On Impurity Pinning of One-Dimensional Charge Density Waves
    Nobukazu Teranishi, Ryogo Kubo
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 720-728
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.720
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    The effect of impurities on the phase mode of CDW in a one-dimensional system is studied by taking account of the non-linearity of the problem. Most of the work is based on numerical simulations which are performed using a classical mechanical equation of motion for the phase mode. The existence of critical field for the pinning and depinning is discussed for weak and strong pinning cases. The ohmic frequency-dependent conductivity is calculated by the Kubo formula. The dc conduction in non-ohmic regime is found to be of activation type, the activation energies decreasing with increase of the applied field.
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  • Theory of the Anomalous Magnetoresistance in Amorphous Si and Ge
    Yukio Osaka
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 729-732
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.729
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    Anomalous magnetoresistance in amorphous Si and Ge is calculated by taking into account the hopping motion with spin flip of localized electrons. Magnetoresistance is deduced to be the results of the modification of the spin-flip relaxation time of the electrons by external magnetic field. The simplified theory can account for experiments.
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  • Molecular Dynamics Studies of the Low-Temperature Amorphous Soft-Core Systems
    Yasuaki Hiwatari
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 733-739
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.733
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    Using molecular dynamics techniques for canonical ensemble systems, the low-temperature properties of amorphous systems of the soft-core model (inverse 12th power potential) have been studied. The systems were prepared by rapid quenching of a liquid sample consisting of 256 particles arranged in a computational cell with periodic boundaries. The characteristics of the resulting structural properties are found to be similar to those commonly observed in amorphous solids. An analytic equation of state is proposed for the amorphous state at temperatures below the freezing point. Configurational thermodynamic properties are calculated from this, and their significance is discussed.
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  • Effect of Orientational Fluctuation on Nematic-Smectic A Transition in the System of Hard Rod Molecules
    Masahito Hosino, Huzio Nakano, Hatsuo Kimura
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 740-745
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.740
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    By applying the method of symmetry breaking potential to Zwanzig’s three direction model for liquid crystal, the nematic-smectic as well as isotropic-nematic transitions are investigated. Particular attention is paid to the effect of orientational fluctuation on the nematic-smectic A transition. It is shown that the nematic-smectic A transition is reduced to the one of first order owing to that kind of fluctuation for the case of short molecule.
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  • Uniformly Moving Josephson Junctions
    Osamu Tsutsumi
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 746-752
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.746
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    The basic equations governing the variation of fields and currents in Josephson junctions moving with a velocity u have been derived.
    Minkowski’s field equations in uniformly moving junctions and the Josephson’s acceleration equation; dφ⁄dt=∂φ⁄∂t+(u·grad)φ, indicating the change of phase difference φ(r, t) per unit time when we follow the junction in its motion, can be applied to obtain the partial differencial (Sine-Gordon) equation describing the behaviour of φ(r, t).
    Although the equation obtained thus can be transformed into the old equation in stationary junctions, both equations make a number of essential difference, e.g., the former considers quantized flux lines flowing through the junction without an applied voltage, while the latter considers the flux-flow state due to the applied voltage across the junction. It should be noted that the electromotive force due to motional induction plays the same part as applied voltages.
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  • Effects of Two-Band Model in Tunnel Junctions
    P. Gluck
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 753-754
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.753
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    The existence of a two-band superconductor with interband coupling is shown to influence the position of the V–A singularities and the magnitude of the tunnelling current in a tunnel junction.
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  • Superfluid Flow and Analogy to Dirac’s Monopole
    Masakazu Ichiyanagi
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 755-762
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.755
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    Taking the depletion effect into consideration in terms of the depletion velocity, superfluid flow in an annulus is discussed. It is shown that in annular regions superfluid flow is the gauge-invariant manifestation of a nonintegrable phase factor. The circulation is defined in terms of the depletion velocity which is essentially rotational. Arguments akin to Dirac’s theory of magnetic monopole are used to obtain quantum mechanical vortex lines which have their ends in fluid.
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  • Temperature Dependence of Magnetization in Quasi-One-Dimensional Ising Spin System of (Remark: Graphics omitted.)
    Hiroyuki Yamakawa
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 763-766
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.763
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    Development of the magnetization with temperature towards its saturation value is investigated by proton NMR experiment in CoCl2·2H2O, [(CH3)3NH]CoCl3·2H2O and CoCl2·2NC5H5, which are approximated to a ferromagnetic Ising chain of (Remark: Graphics omitted.). The magnetization saturates at closer temperature to the transition temperature, as the interchain interaction becomes weaker.
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  • The Surface Magnetism of Thick Fe Films Coated by MgO, MgF2 and Sb
    Shiro Hine, Teruya Shinjo, Toshio Takada
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 767-772
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.767
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    The surface magnetism of thick Fe films coated by MgO, MgF2 and Sb was investigated by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy. The samples were prepared by the alternate depositions of a coating material, Fe56 (about 100 Å), Fe57 (4 Å) and a coating material in an UHV system. Measurements were carried out at 300 and 4.2 K with and without 45 kOe. The results showed all the samples were completely ferromagnetic and the magnetizations were oriented parallel to the film plane. The spectra were analyzed by computor fitting with assuming two six lines, the bulk part and the surface part. Although the surface effect on the isomer shift is similar in the three cases (i.e. larger than the bulk value), the effect on the hyperfine field remarkably depends on the coating materials; increase of hyperfine field in MgO- and MgF2-coated surfaces and decrease in Sb-coated case.
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  • Spin Dynamics near the Critical Point in (CH3NH3)2CuCl4
    Yuichi Okuda, Motohiro Matsuura, Taiichiro Haseda
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 773-779
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.773
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    A dip due to the critical slowing down was observed in the real part of the high frequency susceptibility just at Tc in a quasi-two dimensional ferromagnet (CH3NH3)2CuCl4. The critical exponent, Δ, of the relaxation time for the magnetization along the easy axis, which is defined as τ∝ε−Δ (ε=(T−Tc)⁄Tc) was obtained as 1.05±0.05 for 0.003\lesssimε\lesssim0.1. The Cole-Cole plots revealed that the Cole-Cole semi-circle became slightly but definitely depressed as the transition point was deadly approached (ε\lesssim0.008).
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  • 133Cs NMR Study in Quasi-One-Dimensional Ising-Like Antiferromagnet CsCoCl3
    Kimio Adachi, Muneki Hamashima, Yoshitami Ajiro, Mamoru Mekata
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 780-785
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.780
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    The magnetic phase transition and the spin dynamics in quasi-one-dimensional Ising-like antiferromagnet CsCoCl3 were investigated by means of nuclear magnetic resonance of 133Cs. The observed angular dependence of the resonance field measured at 4.2 K and 20.4 K is consistent with the spin configuration determined by neutron diffraction experiments. The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation time T1 was found to be dominated by two-phonon Raman process via magnon-phonon interaction at low temperatures. Relaxation in the higher temperature region is discussed in terms of Villain’s theory of propagative relaxation.
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  • Two-Dimensional Quadratic Ising Ferromagnet with Apparent Three Spin Interactions
    Takashi Iwashita, Norikiyo Uryû
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 786-789
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.786
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    For a spin one-half Ising ferromagnet with two-dimensional quadratic lattice, the effects of the apparent three spin interaction, which is reduced effectively to the bilinear exchange interaction between next nearest neighbors, on the Curie temperature, magnetization and the magnetic specific heat have been calculated with the use of Bethe-Peierls theory. The ferromagnetic order is shown to become unstable when the ratio of the three spin interaction to the bilinear exchange interaction amounts to −1⁄3. Also it is pointed out that the three spin interaction gives significant changes on the Curie temperature and on the temperature dependences of the magnetization and the magnetic specific heat.
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  • Microscopic Magnetic Properties of V3O7
    Hironori Nishihara, Yutaka Ueda, Koji Kosuge, Hiroshi Yasuoka, Sukeji ...
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 790-796
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.790
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    Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of 51V has been investigated in both the antiferromagnetic and the paramagnetic states of V3O7. Two signals associated with magnetic V4+(3d1) sites have hyperfine fields (HN) of −199.8 and −208.7(±0.3) kOe at 1.25 K which are dominated by intra-ionic dipolar field. The temperature dependence of HN was well described by an equation HN=HNO(1−AT2) with A=(16.0±0.5)×10−3 (K−2) in the range 1.32≤T≤2.22 (K). Three signals from V5+ sites were also observed. Magnetic susceptibility at high and low field behaves differently below the Néel temperature of 5 K. These results together with the convex curve of magnetization versus field in the paramagnetic state are discussed in terms of the insulating low-dimensional magnetic system with small anisotropy energy and predominant ferromagnetic interaction along linear chains.
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  • Local Environment Effect on the Atomic Magnetic Moment in Ferromagnetic Transition-Metal Alloys. II. High-Field Susceptibility
    Noriaki Hamada
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 797-803
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.797
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    The susceptibility to the homogeneous magnetic field is calculated at the absolute zero of temperature for several ferromagnetic transition-metal alloys (bcc Fe–Ni, Fe–Co and Fe–V) by use of an effective-medium theory of local-environment effect developed by Hamada and Miwa within the Hartree-Fock approximation. It is shown that the susceptibility is sometimes dominated by the atom with a particular local environment. The effect of the deformation of the local density of states due to the magnetic field is discussed in detail.
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  • NMR Study of Magnetic State of Co in Pseudobinary (Y1−xGdx)Co2 System
    Satoshi Hirosawa, Takashi Tsuchida, Yoji Nakamura
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 804-810
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.804
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    The spin echo NMR of 59Co in the (Y1−xGdx)Co2 system was observed in both magnetically ordered and paramagnetic states. In YCo2, the Knight shift of 59Co was found to be linear in susceptibility, leading to a hyperfine coupling constant of −89 kOe/μB. The zero-field center frequency in the ordered state and both the Knight shift and the relative integrated intensity in the paramagnetic state were observed for over all the concentration. The field dependence of integrated intensity and temperature dependence of Knight shift were also measured in the vicinity of the critical concentration. The results indicate the coexistence of two types of Co atoms in the whole concentration range; one has a magnetic moment which couples antiparallel with the Gd moment and the other has no moment.
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  • Perturbation Theory of the Asymmetric Anderson Model
    Kazuo Ueda
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 811-816
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.811
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    The asymmetric Anderson model in the case of Ed=0 with infinite U is investigated by using the perturbation theory which treats the mixing term as the perturbation. The impurity susceptibility, the impurity specific heat and the d-electron number are studied within the most and the next divergent approximations. It is shown that the most divergent approximation is equivalent to the scaling theory. The range of validity and the nature of the present approach are also discussed.
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  • Neutron Diffraction Experiment on γ-Cu15Mn85 Single Crystal
    Yoshihiro Shiozaki, Yutaka Nakai
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 817-819
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.817
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    For an antiferromagnetic Cu15Mn85 single crystal, strong diffuse scattering with 0.28a* FWHM was observed around the {1/2 1 0} reciprocal lattice points at room temperature. The study on their scattering vector dependence as well as their temperature variation revealed that the atomic short range correlation of D022 type gives large contributions to diffuse scattering and that the magnetic contribution is small even if it exists.
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  • Magnetoacoustic Attenuation in Semimetals. III. Enhancement of Quantum Oscillations in Bismuth-Antimony Alloys for q∧H∼90°
    Masahiro Akinaga, Yasukuni Matsumoto, Shoichi Mase
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 820-827
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.820
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    The sound attenuation in Bi1−xSbx alloys has been measured under the condition that the magnetic field vector H is nearly perpendicular to the sound wave vector q. Quite unlike bismuth, the quantum oscillations with very large amplitudes and with the line shape like the density of state curve were observed. Particularly, for q parallel to a bisectrix axis, the oscillations take the form of a deep dip whenever the Landau level crosses the Fermi level. These anomalies are compared with a tentative theory taking into account of an effect of random diffractions of the sound wave propagation direction due to a spatial inhomogeneity of antimony concentration. The large humps can be partially explained by the theory but the deep dips cannot be explained at all.
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  • Magnetoacoustic Attenuation in Semimetals. IV. Line Shape Analysis of Giant Quantum Attenuation in Bismuth and Bismuth-Antimony Alloys
    Yasukuni Matsumoto, Takeshi Fukami, Masahiro Akinaga, Shoichi Mase
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 828-835
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.828
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    A theory of the giant quantum attenuation of sound waves in semimetals is compared with our experiments for bismuth and bismuth-antimony alloys. The theory is based on Nagai–Fukuyama’s one but some improvements are made to be applicable to semimetals at a high magnetic field. It is shown that by taking account of both the dislocation strains and chemical impurities a reasonable agreement with the experiments for the line shape can be obtained for bismuth. On the other hand, discrepancies between the theory and the experiments for bismuth-antimony alloys are considerable, especially, for the concentration dependence of the attenuation coefficient.
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  • Extreme Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Alkali Metals
    Shigeru Sato, Tsuneaki Miyahara, Takaaki Hanyu, Shigeo Yamaguchi, Take ...
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 836-843
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.836
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    The optical absorption spectra of Na, K, Rb, and Cs have been measured at liquid nitrogen temperature using synchrotron radiation over the energy range from 10 to 40 eV, where the transitions of electrons in the outermost p-shells occur. Each spectrum shows the sharp Fermi edge with a spike followed by an intense broad band with some weak structures. The overall spectral profiles are not similar to the observed or calculated interband profiles in the visible-to-ultraviolet region. The spectra as a whole are interpreted as reflecting the spectral features of the transition matrix elements and having natures of localized atomic excitation. The effective electron numbers associated with the Pauli forbidden transitions between the filled conduction bands and the outermost p-shells are estimated as 0.023, 0.078, 0.11, and 0.14 for Na, K, Rb, and Cs, respectively.
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  • Lattice Dynamics of Transition-Metal Trichlorides
    Naoshi Suzuki
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 844-851
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.844
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    The phonon dispersion curves of layered compounds, ScCl3 and CrCl3, are calculated using the simple shell model. The parameters are determined so as to reproduce the nine phonon frequencies observed by infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The calculated phonon dispersion curves reveal features characteristic of layered compounds, namely the dispersion along the c-axis is very small compared with the dispersion in the c-plane. The characters of the phonon modes at the center of the Brillouin zone are studied in detail and the results are discussed in connection with the structural phase transition of TiCl3.
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  • On a Self-Trapped Acoustic Polaron with the Site Diagonal and Site Off-Diagonal Electron-Phonon Interaction
    Masakatsu Umehara
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 852-860
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.852
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    By including the site off-diagonal electron-phonon interaction which is not taken into consideration in usual, self-trapped acoustic polaron is studied generally on the basis of the complete discrete model of the classical lattice. The self-consistent equations for the polaron are solved without any assumption except that the polaron in the ground state has the same symmetry as the original crystal lattice. The following facts are shown. The effect of the site off-diagonal interaction on one center trapped state makes the polaron radius large and the lattice deformation reduced and thus the polaron unstable in comparison with that of the site diagonal interaction. Moreover, the site off-diagonal interaction makes many center trapped state more favourable than one center trapped state. The stable polaron states for various cases of trapping and the stability condition for one center trapping are discussed. Brief comment for the magnetic polaron coupled with the lattice deformation is also given.
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  • Influence of Inter-Carrier Scattering on Hot Electron Distribution Function in GaAs
    Nobuyuki Takenaka, Masataka Inoue, Yoshio Inuishi
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 861-868
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.861
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    Influences of carrier-carrier scattering on the electron distribution function in GaAs has been examined by the Monte Carlo calculation taking into account electron-electron and/or electron-hole scatterings. The calculated results were compared with the experimental distribution functions determined from the band-to-band recombination spectra under high electric fields.
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  • Raman Scattering Study on Anomalous Low-Lying Response in LiNH4C4H4O6·H2O Crystal
    Masayuki Udagawa, Yasunori Tominaga, Kay Kohn, Terutaro Nakamura, Masa ...
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 869-873
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.869
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    B2(TO) and B2(LO) Raman spectra of LiNH4C4H4O6·H2O crystals have been separately obtained in the temperature range between 77 K and room temperature. Anomalous low-lying response was observed in both B2(TO) and B2(LO) spectra, and its intensity was found to decrease gradually with decreasing temperature and vanish below Tc(=98 K). It is concluded that the low-lying response is not attributed to the NH4 group.
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  • Calorimetric Study on Phase Transitions in (NH4)3H(SO4)2
    Shigeru Suzuki, Yasuo Oshino, Kazuo Gesi, Yasuharu Makita
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 874-877
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.874
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    Specific heat of (NH4)3H(SO4)2 was measured in a temperature range 90 K\lesssimT\lesssim440 K covering the four phase transitions. The transition entropies were estimated to be ΔSI–II=2.5±0.2, ΔSII–III=2.10±0.08, ΔSIII–IV=0.51±0.03 and ΔSIV–V=0.53±0.03 in the units of cal·mol−1·deg−1 for the I–II, II–III, III–IV and IV–V phase transitions, respectively.
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  • Central Peak in K(H1−xDx)3(SeO3)2 Studied by Light Scattering
    Hirokazu Tanaka, Itaru Tatsuzaki
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 878-882
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.878
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    Central peak accompanied with the Brillouin spectrum of the soft acoustic shear mode of K(H1−xDx)3(SeO3)2 has been studied for various x. It was revealed that minorisotopes D are the origin of the depolarized (VH) central peak. If the shifts of the transition temperature Ttr(x) from −61.4°C of proper KTS are assumed to be linearly proportional to x, Icp⁄IB is proportional to x(T−Ttr(x))β, (β≈−1), where Icp and IB are the intensity of a central peak and that of a Brillouin peak, respectively.
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  • Dynamics of a Crystal with Interstitial Impurity Atom
    Yoshiko H. Ohashi, Kazutoshi Ohashi
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 883-888
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.883
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    We have treated the vibrations of a crystal containing a finite concentration of interstitial impurity atoms and obtained the phonon frequency shift and width in the case of small impurity concentration.
    It is shown that there occurs a phonon band splitting due to the interstitial impurity atoms.
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  • Stationary Propagation of Kink in Dislocation
    Kazutaka Sato, Akira Sugiyama
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 889-894
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.889
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    Motion of a kink in a dislocation is analysed as a function of viscous resistance force and of an applied stress. On the basis of the string model for dislocation, the motion of kink is determined by a wave equation in terms of line energy, the Peierls force, a viscous resistance force and an applied stress. The numerical solution of the wave equation shows that the motion of kink under the viscous resistance force becomes soon stationary: The kink propagates in a difinite form and at a constant velocity nearly independent of an initial condition. The propagation velocity is proportional to the external stress when the viscous resistance is proportional to the real velocity of the lattice ions produced by the propagation of the kink, and is proportional to the square root of the external stress when the viscous resistance is proportional to the square of the real velocity.
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  • Observation of Anisotropic Damage Production in Electron-Irradiated Molybdenum
    Shigemi Furuno
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 895-902
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.895
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    Anisotropic damage productions were examined in electron-irradiated molybdenum by using high voltage electron microscope. Formation of defect clusters was most enhanced for electron beams with the exact zone axis directions and decreased with an increase in a deviation angle from the axes. Saturated densities of defect clusters produced by the irradiation were used as a measure of damage production, since linear relationship was found between electron flux and the saturated density of defect clusters. From the comparison between the electron flux dependence and orientation dependence of defect cluster formation it was concluded that the enhancement of damage production is due to the locally increased electron flux at the atomic positions effective for atomic displacement.
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  • The Atomic Operators Characteristic of the Split Components in the Study of Resonance Fluorescence from a Two-Level Atom
    L. M. Bali, Sharmishtha Roy, Snehlata Kalia
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 903-908
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.903
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    The atomic operators with characteristic oscillations at the peak frequencies of each of the three split components in the scattering of an intense monochromatic electromagnetic field by a two-level atom are determined. The coupling of the atom-applied-field system with the damping oscillators via these operators is investigated to evaluate the spectrum of the scattered light when the separation of the spectral lines is much larger than their widths.
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  • Luminescence of Excitonic Molecules Distributed around k=0 in CuCl
    Nobukata Nagasawa, Tsuneyoshi Mita, Masayasu Ueta
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 909-914
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.909
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    Excitonic molecule state in CuCl has been resonantly excited by the combination of two circularly polarized laser beams of slightly different energies and of the opposite propagation vectors. The secondary emissions associated with the excitonic molecule state of a quite small momentum have been investigated by changing the spectral width of the incident laser light. With the increase of the band width of excitation laser, the luminescence becomes dominant and the Raman component is suppressed. An emission line at 3.1869 eV is assigned to the luminescence due to the decomposition of excitonic molecules, distributed in a region of ±0.022k0 around 0.050k0, into a pair of polaritons, where k0 is the wave vector of the photon of 3.1861 eV. The relaxation of the excitonic molecule system really generated at the small momentum region has been discussed.
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  • Luminescence from KCl: I at Low Temperatures
    Ken-ichi Kan’no, Minoru Itoh, Yoshio Nakai
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 915-921
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.915
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    In addition to the well-known three impurity emission bands (BG-, B-, and UV-emission), a new emission band is found at 5.88 eV in a KCl: I system under excitation with UV-light, X-rays, or N2 laser light. Its intensity and lifetime (0.52 μs at 9 K) fall off rapidly above 12 K with an activation energy of ΔE=21 meV. The intensities of the new emission and the BG emission are anti-correlated with varying temperature. Measurements of the excitation spectrum confirm that the 5.88 eV emission arises from de-excitation of localized excitons at I− monomer ion sites.
    Based on the small Stokes shift (0.82 eV) and small halfwidth (0.23 eV) of this emission band, and the results obtained in an experiment of recombination luminescence of X-rayed crystal, one-center model for relaxed excitons is suggested as the origin of a relaxed excited state responsible for the 5.88 eV emission band.
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  • Phase Transition of KD3(SeO3)2 Studied by Neutron Diffraction
    Yutaka Iwata, Nobumitsu Koyano, Iwao Shibuya, Masaharu Tokunaga
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 922-928
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.922
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    Crystal structure of low temperature phase of KD3(SeO3)2 was studied by neutron diffraction method. Space group is Pbcn at the high temperature phase and changes to P21/b below the transition point. At the low temperature phase, striking twin patterns due to spontaneous shear strain were observed. Suitable corrections were applied to the observed data and the result of structure analysis revealed that a hydrogen atom which is disordered at the high temperature phase is distinctly bonded to one of the oxygens of SeO3. This induces slightly different orientational changes and deformations of two SeO3 tetrahedra connected by the hydrogen. Discussion on the phase transition mechanism is given in parallel to that of KDP.
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  • Multiple Scattering Calculation of the Electronic Structure of H2+
    Kazunori Watari, S. Isotani, L. C. de Freitas, J. R. Leite, M. L. de S ...
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 929-934
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.929
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    Internuclear equilibrium distance Re, dissociation energy De and stretching force constant k are obtained for the H2+ molecule by the self-consistent statistical exchange multiple scattering method. It has been shown that the usual parametrization of the muffin-tin constant potential is not a suitable procedure for the simultaneous evaluation of Re, De and k. An empirical modification in the standard muffin-tin potential is proposed that leads to calculated values of Re, De and k in agreement with experiment within 5%.
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  • Luminescence in Collisions of C+ Ions with N2 Molecules
    Toshiaki Ishikawa, Hokotomo Inouye
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 935-941
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.935
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    Emission spectra ranging from 1900 to 4400 Å were observed for C+–N2 collisions in the ion energy range 10–1000 eV. N2+ first negative bands are always strongest over the energy range. Besides, CI(3s 1P0), CII(3s 2P1⁄2,3⁄20), and N2(C3Πu) are found as excited products. Relative emission cross sections have been measured for all of these bands and lines over the ion energy range. It has been found that the cross sections of N2+(B) have a sharp peak around ELAB=20 eV and then again increase in the energy region above 100 eV, while the cross sections of the other emission rise monotonically from a few ten eV. A simple three-state model provides satisfactory explanation of the sharp peak of N2+ 1 n bands.
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  • Theory of Twisted Stiff Chains. II
    Akira Miyake, Yoshiaki Hoshino
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 942-946
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.942
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    A general continuous model of the twisted stiff chain defined by an anisotropic deformational energy density is given and the previous results as for the spatial correlation function of the unit tangential vector of the continuous limit model of a chain composed of hindered-rotating bonds with fluctuating bond angles are regained in the present model. The Yamakawa-Fujii’s helical wormlike chain model based on a space curve is shown to be a special case of the present one.
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  • Theory of Plasma-Initiated Biradical Polymerization
    Shokichi Kanno
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 947-954
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.947
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    It is argued that substantial number of biradical polymers are formed by glow-discharging the vapour of vinyl monomers. When these biradical polymers enter into monomer liquid, ultrahigh polymers of molecular weight ∼106 are formed within relatively short time and then these biradical polymers begin to degradate and multiply thus sustaining further polymerization. It is shown that the resulting average molecular weight increases as the conversion of monomers into polymers proceeds and reaches ∼107 under normal conditions. Quantitative conclusions of the theory are in satisfactory agreement with the recent experimental data on the plasma-initiated polymerization.
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  • Thermodynamical Properties Related to Chemical Potentials of Chain Molecules in Solutions by Computer Simulation
    Hiroshi Okamoto, A. Bellemans
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 955-959
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.955
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    In this work, thermodynamical properties related to chemical potentials of chain molecules in solutions are studied by computer simulation. The systems studied are 16-mer and 30-mer solutions in a tetrahedral lattice roughly ranged from 0 to 0.5 in concentrations and cover several solvent conditions.
    A considerable deviation is found between the classical Flory’s expression for chemical potentials and the simulation results. On the other hand, the Miller-Guggenheim’s gives a better approximation. A finite deviation is, however, remained. The deviation is larger for longer chain solutions and under poorer solvent conditions. A main cause of the deviation is that the theories do not take account of the non-uniformity of chain element distributions.
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  • Plasma Cross-Section Viewed from Alpha Particle Confinement
    Kazunari Ikuta
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 960-965
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.960
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    Axisymmetric toroidal configuration is considered from a view point of alpha particle confinement. In particular, an elliptically deformed configuration with multifold magnetic axes and low aspect ratio limit of tori are investigated in detail. Ellipticity of the cross-section and the split of magnetic axis need larger current as an absolute container of alphas. Low-aspect-ratio limit of the torus is able to absolutely confine alpha particles produced on the magnetic axis if the toroidal current is about 1.5 times larger than that required in the slender torus. The optimized cross-section in this case is oblate rectangle (the ratio between the width and the height being about equal to 1.22) and the necessary current to marginally confine all the alpha particle produced near the elliptic magnetic axis is 6 MA.
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  • Experimental Studies of Explosive Instability in an Electron Beam-Plasma System
    Reiji Sugaya, Masao Sugawa, Hisayuki Nomoto
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 966-973
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.966
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    The explosive instability due to nonlinear wave-particle interaction has been observed experimentally. The slow space charge wave of the electron beam and the obliquely propagating electrostatic electron cyclotron harmonic wave interact nonlinearly with the electron beam and grow simultaneously, satisfying the resonant condition ω1−ω2−(k⁄⁄1−k⁄⁄2)vb=ωc. One wave is amplified exponentially by increasing the power of the other wave. The virtual wave has also been observed. The nonlinear wave-particle coupling coefficients are measured quantitatively from the spatial growth rate, and found to be in good agreement with theory.
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  • Magnetohydrodynamic Instabilities in a High Shear Helical System
    Masahiro Wakatani, Teruo Yoshioka, Kiyoshi Hanatani, Osamu Motojima, A ...
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 974-983
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.974
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    Current driven kink and tearing modes and low m pressure driven modes are investigated by applying the stellarator expansion to the high shear helical system or the heliotron configuration. For the low β current carrying heliotron configuration, the kink modes with m=1 and n≥2 give wide unstable regions and large growth rates. Eigenfunctions of kink modes are fairly localized inside the plasma column even for no resonant surface in the plasma column. For finite β plasmas, the pressure term destabilizes the low m modes and gives larger growth rates and wider unstable regions than the low β case. For currentless finite β plasmas, β limit due to low m pressure driven modes is estimated and β\gtrsim5% may be expected by tailoring the pressure profile according to the shear parameter.
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  • Numerical Analysis of Current-Driven Drift-Wave Instability in a Finite-β Plasma
    Chikara Ueno, Haruyuki Irié, Toshio Tange, Tsuguhiro Watanabe, ...
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 984-989
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.984
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    Stability of the collisionless drift wave localized to the rational surface is studied numerically. Both the current and the finite-β effects are taken into account. The results confirm the previous analytical and/or numerical results concerning the stableness in the currentless case, instability driven by the current and its finite-β stabilitzation in the short wavelength region. In addition, a strong resonant coupling of the drift wave to the Alfvén wave is found to occur due to the combined effect of the current and the finite-β value, resulting a destabilizing effect in the long wavelength region. The critical electron drift velocity for the onset of the instability is calculated. The result shows a substantial reduction of the critical velocity by the finite-β effect.
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  • Drift Motion of a Plasma in a Curved Magnetic Field with Rotational Transform
    Akio Komori, Noriyoshi Sato, Yoshisuke Hatta
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 990-997
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.990
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    Measurements are made on details of the drift motion of a collisionless plasma in a sector device under a curved magnetic field with an l=2 helical winding. The drift arising from the polarized electric field due to the charge separation is observed to reduce with an increase in the angle of rotational transform, although the complete depolarization does not occur in a sector device. The results are found to be well consistent with a simple model for imperfect cancellation of the charge separation in the presence of the rotational transform.
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  • Formation of Quasi-Solitary Wave in Korteweg-de Vries Equation from Initial Wave without Bound State
    Kazuyoshi Yoshimura, Shinsuke Watanabe
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 998-1002
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.998
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    The Korteweg-de Vries (K-dV) equation is numerically integrated by means of a difference method for the initial rarefactive pulse which has no bound state in the associated eigenvalue equation. It is shown that the compressional pulses produced from the trailing edge of the initial rarefactive pulse have properties similar to solitary waves. The relation among the amplitude, velocity and width agrees well with that of a solitary wave of the K-dV equation, although the amplitude decreases gradually with the time. The result is qualitatively explained by a collisionless shock model.
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  • Generalized Coherent States and the U(n) Lie Group
    A. Jannussis, N. Patargias, L. Papaloucas
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 1003-1009
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.1003
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    In this paper we study the generalized coherent states (g.c.s.) in n-dimensional space. Their annihilation operators consist of linear combinations of the annihilation operators al, and their coherent states are the product of the simple coherent states. All the known annihilation operators which have been studied as yet, and also the magnetic ones, are special cases of these operators. The new operators Ak+Am form the Lie algebra U(n) of the Lie group U(n). Finally, instead of the operators al and al+ we can use the new operators, which depend on a complex parameter.
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  • On the Dislocation Model of Amorphous Germanium
    C. L. Reynolds, Jr.
    1979 Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 1010
    Published: September 15, 1979
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.47.1010
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