Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 1347-4073
Print ISSN : 0031-9015
ISSN-L : 0031-9015
Volume 15, Issue 12
Displaying 1-50 of 50 articles from this issue
  • Shigeo Tanaka, Michiaki Furukawa, Shiro Iwata, Masuo Yagi, Hiroshi Ama ...
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2125-2128
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Excitation functions for the (α, pn), (α, p2n), (α, 3n) and (α, αpn) reactions on Fe56 and the (α, αp) reaction on Fe57 were measured by the activation method using a stacked-foil technique, the alpha-particle energies ranging from 17 to 40 MeV. The measured excitation functions for the alpha-particle reactions on Fe56 (present work) were compared with those for the proton reactions on Co59 (Sharp et al.); the compound nucleus Ni60 being the same for two cases. The comparison gives a test of the validity of compound nucleus theory. The ratios of corresponding cross sections seem to agree well with the theory (except in the case of resulting Co57). However, it may be seen that the two curves corresponding to the same residual nucleus in each case do not entirly coincide in energy.
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  • Eiko Takekoshi
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2129-2136
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Multipolarity of γ-ray absorption in U238(γ, f) reaction, produced by monochromatic γ rays from F(p, αγ) reactions, has been investigated by the analysis of the angular distribution of 1018 tracks of fission fragments in uranium-impregnated nuclear emulsions. It can be explained by mixing two sorts of interaction; electric dipole (E1) and electric quadrupole (E2). The ratio of E2 to E1 absorption cross section, denoted by σfq⁄σfd, has been found to be 0.13±0.05. This value is compared with other results with bremsstrahlung. The angular distribution is consistent with those of Baz et al., however, the analysis and interpretation of the results are different from those of Baz et al..
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  • Masao Nozawa, Hisashi Yamamoto, Yasukazu Yoshizawa, Yujiro Koh
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2137-2139
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Weak gamma-rays following the decay of Mn51 were investigated by a NaI(T1) scintillation spectrometer. To eliminate the effect of the strong annihilation gamma-ray, a new method was used. Gamma-rays of 0.74 and 1.17 MeV were found and these intensities were 0.4±0.2 and 0.2±0.1 percent of the positrons, respectively. The half-life of Mn51 was determined as 44±1 min.
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  • Toshio Katoh, Masao Nozawa, Yasukazu Yoshizawa, Yujiro Koh
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2140-2153
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Excited levels of Cr52 were studied by investigating the decays of Mn52(5.7 days) and Mn52m(21 min), produced by Cr52(d, 2n)Mn52,52m. By means of a two-directional focusing beta-ray spectrometer, NaI(TI) scintillation spectrometers and a 20-channel pulse height analyzer, following results were obtained: (1) Energies of the main three gamma-rays from Mn52 are 746.8±0.2, 938.1±0.4 and 1434.7±0.8 keV. (2) The maximum energies of the positrons from Mn52 and Mn52m are 0.572±0.006 and 2.61±0.03 MeV, respectively. (3) The spins and parities of the levels of 3120, 2373 and 1435 keV were determined to be 6+, 4+ and 2+, from measurements of conversion electrons and angular correlations. (4) Several weak gamma-rays were found, which could be inferred to belong to these decays. (5) The half-life of Mn52m is 21±1 min. Its branching ratio IT⁄(β++EC) was determined as 2±1 percent. (6) The energy of isomeric transition is 0.383±0.003 MeV, which was decided as E4 from KL+M and the transition probability.
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  • Shotaro Yamabe, Michiya Kondo, Shohei Kato, Takashi Yamazaki, Jian-zhi ...
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2154-2158
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The experimental results for the angular dependence of polarization of elastically scattered protons from carbon at 14 and 16 MeV, and the polarization at 45° laboratory angle in the elastic scattering by 12 target nuclei at the energy of 12∼17 MeV are described. Qualitative agreement with the calculation in terms of optical potential with spin-orbit interaction is obtained for elastic scattering of protons by carbon.
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  • Shigeo Tanaka
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2159-2167
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Excitation functions for the alpha-particle induced reactions on Ni58, Ni60, Ni61, Ni62 and Ni64 have been measured at incident energies up to 40 Mev. The sum of the measured cross sections for Ni58 appears to agree with the total reaction cross section calculated from the continuum theory for r0=1.7×10−13 cm. The sum almost agrees with the optical-model analysis of reaction cross section for alpha-particles by Igo, but his prediction seems to give a little higher value. In the excitation function for the (α, αn) reaction on Ni58, there is a small “knee” immediately after the effective threshold (around 23 Mev). The alpha-particle reactions on Ni60 have been compared with the proton reactions on Cu63, the compound nucleus Zn64 being the same for two cases. The prediction from the compound nucleus theory seems to hold roughly, and it seems inadequate to discuss strictly whether the discrepancy in energy is significant. The same is observed in the comparison between the alpha-particle reactions on Ni62 and the proton reactions on Cu65.
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  • Michiaki Furukawa, Yoshihide Ishizaki, Yoshihiro Nakano, Tadashi Nozak ...
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2167-2170
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Excitation function for the B11(p, n)C11 reaction was measured by the activation method with improved energy resolution for the proton energies ranging from 4.7 to 15.0 MeV. The excitation function exhibited rather clear peaks at proton energies of 8.5, 9.9, 10.9, 11.5 and 13.6 MeV in the laboratory system and a broad peak at the energy region between 13.8 MeV and 14.5 MeV. A considerable number of uncertain peaks were also observed. The excitation function for the O16(p, α)N13 reaction was also obtained above Ep=9.7 MeV.
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  • Susumu Morita, Nawoyuki Kawai, Yorio Gotô, Takashi Maki, Masahir ...
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2170-2175
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The angular distributions of neutrons emitted from the N14(d, n)O15 reation were investigated by means of the neutron detector made of a thin plastic scintillator to eliminate the gamma ray background, at the deuteron energies of 1.53-, 1.72-, 1.96-, 2.24-, 2.54-, 2.655-, and 2.90-MeV.
    The results were compared with the stripping theory including the heavy particle stripping, and qualitative agreements were obtained. The excitation curve of this reaction was also estimated and compared with those of the N14(d, p)N15 and N14(d, α)C12 reactions. The excitation curves of the N14(d, n) and N14(d, p) reactions show similar resonance-like structures, while that of the N14(d, α) reaction shows somewhat different behavior.
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  • Akira Hashizume, Tan Takahashi, Yoshihiko Tendo, Yohko Enomoto
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2175-2178
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The transition of gamma-rays in Ho165 emitted in the decay of Dy165 (140 min) has been studied with γ-γ coincidence and sum coincidence techniques. In addition to previously reported gamma-rays, (178), ∼483, and ∼515 keV gamma-rays are found in coincidence experiment. About 1 MeV gamma-rays is resolved into 998 and 1055 keV gamma-rays. A proposed decay scheme is presented. The measured half-life of Dy165 is 142.4±0.5 min.
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  • Tokihiro Kuroyanagi
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2179-2187
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The decay properties of Se73m, Se81 and As79 have been studied by scintillation methods. Gamma-ray spectra showed lines of energy 170, 275, 335, 410, 480, 550, 650 and 840 KeV belonging to the decay of Se81. The decay scheme of Se81 was proposed with the aid of single and coincidence measurements of radiations. The mass difference between the ground states of Se81 and Br81 is represented by the 1.56–MeV beta ray. In As79, new gamma rays of 360, 440, 725 and 890 KeV were found. Beta-gamma and gamma-gamma coincidence measurements confirmed that a 44–min activity in selenium is attributed to Se73m. It is found that the beta-decay energy is 1.86–MeV and that there is no appreciable gamma ray.
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  • Masaomi (Takahata) Ohta
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2187-2190
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Fifty-five 8Li fragments from heavy element disintegrations produced by 4.3 GeV negative π-mesons were found. The frequency, the energy and angular distributions of these 8Li fragments were compared with those of the fragments produced by 5.7 GeV proton beam reported by Goldsack et al. No appreciable difference has been found between the two cases. Of light element disintegrations, the frequency of 8Li fragments was found to be about 0.006.
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  • Akiya Ookawa
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2191-2197
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    As a structural model of liquid, a crystal threaded by fine network of dislocations is proposed. The main prepositions characterizing the model system are the elastic distortion of the mesh material in bulk rather than the local distortion at the core of the constituent dislocations, the frequency modulation for the transversal shear waves due to the anharmonicity of the potential, and the introduction of degenerated non-harmonic shearing translations. With the prepositions, the model system is shown to display a kind of first order phase transition between an imperfect crystal as representative for the liquid phase and a perfect crystal as representative for the solid phase. The order of magnitude of the frequency modulating coefficient, the only adjustable parameter, is estimated under comparison with the experimental data of noble metals.
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  • Takuji Tsuzuki
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2197-2205
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The effect of boundary wall on a dilute gas of hard spheres is discussed. The free energy of the system is given as a function, not only of the volume, but also of the surface area of the container. The formula for the excess free energy due to the surface (surface tension) is given both for classical as well as for quantum mechanics. The quantum correction substitutes the effective diameter σeff for the classical diameter σ of a molecule.
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  • Tomonao Miyadai
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2205-2210
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Ferrimagnetic reasonance experiment in a single crystal and polycrystalline samples has been carried out by a usual microwave technique. It has been found, for the single crystal, that the temperature variations of the g-factor and the line width are similar to those of erbium-iron garnet (ErIG) except for the existence of a broad maximum in line width at about 200°K. These behaviors agree well with Kittel’s theory proposed recently. At room temperature, geff=1.32, ΔH=600 œ (anisotropy in line width having been hardly observed) and K1Ms=−400 œ (which is an order of magnitude larger than that of YIG). For polycrystalline samples, geff is essentially the same as for the single crystal sample. In the absorption curve, a secondary peak appears, below 200°K, in the lower magnetic field side of the main absorption peak. Electronic state of Eu3+ in the garnet crystal is briefly discussed.
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  • Ikushi Yoshida
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2211-2219
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Apparatuses were constructed and measurements were made on the thermal conductivity of insulating crystals over the temperature ranges from −200°C to 600°C. For the lower temperature range, the absolute measurement was used, while for the higher one, the comparative method was adopted. The thermal conductivities of ferroelectric PbTiO3 and antiferroelectric PbZrO3 showed a rather large step-wise increase, in contrast to the case of BaTiO3, as they passed into the paraelectric state. Discussions are given of the relation between the magnitude of thermal conductivity and the crystal structure. It is pointed out that the anharmonic potential for the smaller ions should be responsible for the scattering of phonons in these substances.
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  • Masao Shimizu
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2220-2235
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The paramagnetic susceptibilily of an electron gas is calculated by making use of the Bohm-Pines description of electron interactions. The contribution from the long-range correlation to the susceptibility calculated by Pines is modified by using the larger cutoff wave vector of plasma oscillations and including the new contribution from the zero-point energy of plasma oscillations. The contribution from the second-order perturbation-theoretic calculation of the screened Coulomb interactions is obtained by a proper approximation. The contribution from the third-order perturbation-theoretic calculation of the interactions is obtained by a rather crude approximation. The comparisons of paramagnetic susceptibility with experimental values for alkali metals are made and the agreements for Li and Na are satisfactory. The volume dependences of paramagnetic susceptibility for alkali metals are examined by comparing the experimental results on the pressure dependence of the Knight shift with the Brooks calculations of the Fermi interaction.
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  • Masao Shimizu, Takeshi Takahashi
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2236-2242
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The increases of the magnetic susceptibilities with temperature for non-ferromagnetic transition metals are investigated by making use of the band picture. If the Fermi surface at the absolute zero of temperature is in the neighbourhood of a minimum of the electron state density, the susceptibility increases with temperature at lower temperatures. Instead of the band with a minimum of the electron state density we use the band where two standard bands are superposed. The spin paramagnetic susceptibilities of this band are calculated numerically at arbitrary temperatures in the several cases of the position of the Fermi surface and the shape of the band, and it is shown that the susceptibilities increase with temperature at higher temperatures. By comparing our theoretical results with the experimental results for the susceptibilities of pure chromium and dilute alloys of iron in chromium at higher temperatures, the position and the shape of the Fermi surface in the neighbourhood of the minimum of the state density for chromium are discussed.
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  • Ichiro Tsubokawa
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2243-2247
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The magnetic susceptibilities of the single crystals as well as powder specimen of chromium selenides with the composition, CrSe1.00, CrSe1.04 and CrSe1.07 were measured from the boiling point of liquid helium up to 900°K. The susceptibility vs. temperature curves showed a break at 279°K, 271°K and 232°K for CrSe1.00, CrSe1.04 and CrSe1.07 respectively. The anisotropy of the susceptibility increases rapidly from these breaking points to lower temperatures. There exists also a peak of the specific heat just above the room temperature which, however, lies a little higher than the breaking point mentioned above. This peak temperature of specific heat is considered to be the antiferromagnetic Néel point. Asymptotic Curie temperature, θp, Curie constant CM and spin quantum number S were determined from the susceptibility data in the paramagnetic region.
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  • Takejiro Kaneko
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2247-2251
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The change of the Curie temperature due to hydrostatic pressure was measured for two iron-nickel alloys with a nickel concentration of 30 and 32 atomic percent respectively. Hydrostatic pressure was produced with an apparatus of Bridgman’s type and the measurements of magnetization were performed by the ballistic method. The change of the Curie temperature due to pressure was estimated to be −3·10−3 and −2.7·10−3 deg. kg−2 cm2 for specimens with a nickel concentration of 30 and 32% respectively. Based on Smoluchowski’s fomula, the volume dependence of saturation magnetization at absolute zero 1⁄I0·∂I0⁄∂ω and that of the molecular field coefficient 1⁄N·∂N⁄∂ω for a 30% nickel alloy were found to be 27 and −16 from the experimental results. And then taking into consideration the volume dependence of the saturation magnetization at absolute zero, the relations among the volume dependence of the Curie temperature, molecular field coefficient and exchange integral are discussed.
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  • Muneyuki Date
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2251-2254
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Magnetic resonance of the single crystal of MnCO3 was investigated using microwave frequencies 9 to 36 kMc/sec. Parasaitic ferromagnetic resonance was observed at 4.2°K which can be explained by the theory of magnetic resonance developed for α-Fe2O3 by Motizuki and Pincus. The effective field HDM due to the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction was obtained to be 3.7 K Oe and the other resonanue constant \sqrt2HEHA′ to be 1.4 K Oe, where HE is the exchange field and HA′ the anisotropy field in the basal plane.
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  • Masami Tomono
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2254-2264
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    A p-n junction was made by alloying indium on an n-type germanium pellet and it was put into an electrolyte solution of copper salt. When suitable reverse voltage was applied on the junction by a charged condenser, copper shaded pattern was deposited on the opposite side of the alloyed surface in accordance with the density of the reverse current flowing through every part of the p-n junction. By this method, the breakdown at the imperfections of p-n junction due to the defects in the germanium crystal, those at the periphery of p-type recrystallized layer, and those inside p-n junction grown in alloying process were observed. Then, the cross section was made referring to the pattern, and several kinds of the imperfections of p-n junction were observed under microscope.
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  • Takeshi Oka, Hiromasa Hirakawa, Koichi Shimoda
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2265-2273
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Microwave spectral lines for the direct transitions between the K-type doublets were measured from 3 kMc to 40 kMc for H2CO and for its isotopically substituted molecules HDCO, H2C13O and H2CO18. The observed spectra and the previously reported data for H2CO were analyzed by a digital computer by the use of Kivelson and Wilson’s method for the centrifugal distortion correction.
    The asymmetry parameter b and BC were obtained for each isotopic species as follows:
    (Remark: Graphics omitted.)
    It was found that the observed frequencies fit well to those calculated from the centrifugal distortion constants which were derived by the vibration-rotation interaction theory.
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  • Takeshi Oka
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2274-2279
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    Rotational constants for the isotopic formaldehyde molecules H2CO, H2C13O, H2CO18, HDCO and D2CO were determined from the parameters used in the analysis of K-type doubling spectra and the frequencies of 101←000 transitions. In the cases of isotopic species for which the R-branch transitions were not measured, the calculated inertia defect was used in the determination of the rotational constants.
    From the rotational constants, the zero-point structure of formaldehyde molecule, rz, was determined by a new method taking into account the zero-point vibration-rotation interaction and electronic interaction. The following zero-point molecular structure was obtained;
    rC–H=1.1174±0.002 A
    ∠HCO=122°5’±20’
    r_C=O=1.206_3±0.002Aplanar.
    Alloftherotationalconstantscalculatedfromthesegeometricalparametersfittotheobservedvalueswithintheexperimentalerror.Incontrasttothepreviousresearches,∠HCOismuchlargerthan120°.Itwasalsoconfirmedthattheformaldehydemoleculeiscompletelyplanarinthegroundvibrationalstate.
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  • Osamu Nakada
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2280-2288
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A phenomenological equation for a non-linear response to a time-dependent excitation is presented. The response function is expressed as a series of multiple integrals containing the excitation, where the first term corresponds to Boltzmann’s linear superposition term. The non-linearity of an excitation-response system can be characterized, according to our formulation, by higher order after-effect functions. Associated equations including Fourier representations and the inversion formulae are derived. The generalized Kramers-Kronig relations between the real and imaginary parts of Fourier transforms of higher order after-effect functions are also derived. Applications of the theory to sinusoidal and step function-like excitations, especially with exponential after-effect functions, are discussed in detail.
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  • Isao Oshida
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2288-2294
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The electric behaviour of electrochemical diodes, consisting of a pair of indifferent electrodes immersed in an electrolytic solution being capable of reversible oxidation-reduction, was investigated theoretically. The general current-voltage relation was obtained by solving the differential equation of diffusion of ions with the proper boundary conditions. The non-ohmic property, the shunting effect for rapidly changing voltage and the rectifying action were deduced.
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  • Kaoru Yamafuji
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2295-2306
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The dielectric β-dispersions in the amorphous part of the linear high polymers may be roughly classified into two categories according to their mechanisms: the first is the dielectric dispersions in the polymers which have long flexible dipoles, and the second is those which have rather short dipoles rigidly attached to their main chains. While the β-dispersions in the polymers of the first group are inferred to be mainly due to the micro-Brownian motions of their long dipoles, no convincing theory referring to the mechanism of those of the second group has been proposed up to present.
    In this paper, the dielectric β-dispersions of these second group polymers are investigated. The approximate magnitudes of some quantities appearing in our theory are evaluated by the observed values obtained from the mechanical dispersion. Taking account of the phenomenological nature of our theory, agreements between the theory and the observations may be satisfactory.
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  • Kiyoshi Murakawa
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2306-2309
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    In the spectrum of Pr I three lines were classified and the hfs was measured, from which the interval factor of the level 4f36s2 4I11⁄2 was determined. From this and the known interval factor of 4f36s2 4I9⁄2 it was concluded that the value of a4f determined from the hfs of Pr II is also appropriate for Pr I. The configuration 4f3(4I)6s of Pr II was treated as of intermediate coupling, and the hfs lead to a reasonable value of a4f and a(6s). From the value of a(6s) the magnetic moment of Pr141 was calculated to be 4.0±0.2 n.m.
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  • Kanji Katsuura
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2310-2317
    Published: December 05, 1960
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    The intrinsic viscosity of an irradiated polymetric substance is calculated with inclusion of the effect of branching. The contribution of a branched polymer to the intrinsic viscosity is evaluated according to Debye-Bueche’s theory with some modifications. The distribution of molecular size and crosslink unit is obtained through an extention of the Saito’s theory. Our results agree with experiment fairly well. The essential reason for the large discrepancy between Saito’s calculation and experiment is shown to be his neglect of branching.
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  • M. Krishnamurthi, M. Suryanarayana
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2318-2323
    Published: December 05, 1960
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    Using a pulse method the ultrasonic absorption has been studied in the frequency range of 2 to 10 Mc/s in dilute aqueous solutions of nitrogen tetroxide gas at room temperature. The absorption peaks (αλ vs frequency) observed in this study are attributed to the ionic dissociation reaction of the nitrous acid into its constituent ions. The rate constants of the forward and backward reactions are calculated using the theory of Tabuchi. The variation of the logarithm of the rate constant of the bimolecular ionic reaction, namely, log10 kb, with the square root of ionic strength qualitatively follows Brönsted’s theory for ionic reactions in solutions.
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  • Yasaku Wada, Hidenori Hirose, Hiromichi Umebayashi, Motoharu Otomo
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2324-2334
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    A new method for determining the real and imaginary parts of bulk modulus of polymers and other solid materials is represented. The method, as is called “suspension method”, consists of measurements of sound velocity and attenuation in a suspension of powders and is superior in experimental accuracy to the existing method which essentially consists of the comparison of longitudinal and shear wave measurements. The new method has also a merit in the applicability to the sample in powdery state.
    The results are given for styrene-butadiene rubber, natural rubber, polyethylene, polypropylene, polytrifluoromonochloroethylene, paraffin and yeast cell, among which styrene-butadiene rubber is most fully investigated. From these results, the followings are concluded: In the primary dispersion of amorphous polymers, the relaxation strength is of the same order of magnitude for bulk and shear moduli, and moreover, relaxation times, their distribution and temperature dependence have no appreciable discrepancy between two moduli. In the case of crystalline polymers, the mechanical dispersions are quite different between the power samples which have undergone no treatment after polymerization and the ones moulded from the powder.
    (Remark: Graphics omitted.)
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  • Kiyoshi Aoyagi, Goro Kuwabara
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2334-2342
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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    The optical properties of KCl : Tl in the vacuum ultraviolet range were studied between room and liquid nitrogen temperatures. A new band was observed in both the absorption and excitation spectra on the long wave length tail of the exciton band, i.e. 7.19 ev at −180°C. From the measurements of the temperature dependence and the emission spectrum the band is supposed to be associated with a transition in Cl ions in the neighborhood of a Tl ion.
    Excitation and emission spectra of fluorescence by the light in the fundamental band region, as well as thermal glow and optical stimulation curves of phosphorescence were also measured. The process of this luminescence is discussed.
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  • Saburo Kitamura
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2343-2350
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    The dark conductivity and decay time of sintered CdS films prepared by firing in nitrogen gas were higher than those of sintered CdS films prepared by firing in the mixture of nitrogen gas and hydrogen sulphide. Accordingly it was thought that the sintered CdS films prepared by firing in nitrogen gas have many sulphur vacancies acting as donors.
    As a result of heat-treatment in oxygen of the sintered CdS films prepared by firing in nitrogen gas, the dark conductivity and decay time decreased. A new peak appeared at 680 mμ in spectral response of the photocurrent. The activation energy obtained by measuring the slope of the curve of logarithm of dark conductivity plotted against 1⁄T(°K) increased, while the trap concentration obtained by measuring the thermally stimulated current decreased with the increase in temperature of heat-treatment in oxygen. The results of experiments supported the interpretation that sulphur vacancies acting as donors had been occupied by oxygen atoms, and then vanished. At the same time there were produced new exciting centers at about 1.8 eV below the bottom of the conduction band.
    By electron-microscopic observations it was found that by heat treatment above 400°C in oxygen, CdO grains were produced on the surface or near the grain boundary of the sintered CdS film, and when the whole surface of the CdS film was coated by CdO layers, photoconductivity was not observed.
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  • Shin-ichi Hyodo
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2351-2353
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Extrapolating the Glathart-Preston equation for the variation of the glass strength with the loading time, it is assumed that, before a fracture is caused in soda-lime glass within the order of microseconds, the stress applied on it must have attained a value extraordinarily higher than the one for usual impacts—the difference in magnitude being nearly one order. From this assumption it is suggested that the local compression strain in soda-lime glass when subjected to impact by underwater sparks must surpass the ordinary linear elastic limit and accordingly that there may be a possibility of propagation of this fracture at a velocity higher than the normal limit.
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  • Kiyoshi Muramori, Syohei Miyahara
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2354
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Chinji Kuroda
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2355
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Sumiaki Ibuki, Hiroyoshi Komiya, Hirosuke Yamashita
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2356
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
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  • Kiiti Siratori, Akira Tasaki, Sh\={u}ichi Iida
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2357-2358
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Kazuo Kanematsu, K\={o} Yasuk\={o}chi, Tetuo Ohoyama
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2358
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Seiichiro Noguchi, Takao Sato
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2359
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Kei-ichi Ando
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2360
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Shinji Ogawa
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2361
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Kiiti Siratori, Sh\={u}ichi Iida
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2362-2363
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Kazuo Yamagata
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2363
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Noriaki Itoh, Tokuo Suita
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2364
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Nobuo Oda, Hirosi Suzuki
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2365-2366
    Published: December 05, 1960
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  • Hirosuke Yamashita, Sumiaki Ibuki, Michio Yoshizawa, Hiroyoshi Komiya
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2366
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Mitsuru Yoshimatsu, Kazutaka Kohra
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2367-2368
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Hiroshi Watanabe
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2368-2369
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • I. Mutual Dependence between Dipole Moment and End-to-end Length
    Tsugio Mori
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2369A
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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  • Mitsuru Yoshimatsu, Kazutake Kohra
    1960 Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 2369B
    Published: December 05, 1960
    Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
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    Lines 1 and 2 of the left column, page 1764, should be inserted between the last line of the left column and the first line of the right column, page 1763; ...... of the incident beam (geometrical divergence, spectral distribution of the wave length), dimension of the X-ray source, and ...... .
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