In order to keep the independence of every quantum number describing the particles, three kinds of charge spins, U, τ, and ζ are introduced, and particles are considered to occupy the baryons and mesons with spin O, eight kinds of fermions which we call superions and eight kinds of mesons with spin O should in our grouping be found in the future experiments. It is suggested that two kinds of the coupling types (derivative coupling and non-derivative coupling) are responsible for breaking the higher symmetry in the charge space.

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The γ–γ angular correlation has been remeasured for the 924–124 keV cascade in Cs¹³¹, since the correlation function obtained in the previous experiment were found to contain error due to Compton scattered gamma rays. In the present experiment these scattered gamma rays have been made to be negligibly small by use of lead collimators and absorbers. The revised correlation function has been obtained to be W_924−124(θ)=1−(0.056±0.014)P₂(cosθ)−(0.026±0.028)P₄(cosθ), where the errors are statistical ones only. The possibility of spin assignment of (Remark: Graphics omitted.) for the 124 keV level is probably excluded.
The γ–γ angular correlation for the 832–216 keV cascade has been also measured with the same geometry. The correlation function is obtained to be W_832−216(θ)=1−(0.185±0.025)P₂(cosθ)+(0.049±0.029)P₄(cosθ). The E2/M1 mixing ratios for the 832 keV and 924 keV transitions are discussed.

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The half-lives of Rh¹⁰¹ and Rh^102m have been investigated by measuring the internal conversion electrons with a magnetic beta-ray spectrometer. The half-life of Rh¹⁰¹ and that of Rh^102m are determined to be (3.0±0.4) y and (2.1±0.9) y, respectively.

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Calcium oxide targets were bombarded with 15.14-MeV deuterons from the INS cyclotron. Alpha-particle spectra were obtained at angles of 45°, 60° and 90° by means of a broad range magnetic spectrograph. In the 45° and 60° spectra none of the alpha-particle groups corresponding to T=1 levels in N¹⁴ up to an excitation of 10 MeV was observed with an appreciable intensity with the only exception of the alpha-particle group leading to the 9.17-MeV level. In the 90° spectrum, however, alpha-particle groups leading to some of the T=1 levels in N¹⁴ were observed evidently. Alpha-particle groups leading to somewhat doubtful levels in N¹⁴, i.e., 6.05-, 6.70-, 7.40- and 7.60-MeV levels were not observed with appreciable intensities in all the spectra. Alpha-particle groups from the Ca⁴⁰ (d, α) K³⁸ reaction leading to several levels in K³⁸ below 4-MeV excitation and some He³ groups from the Ca⁴⁰ (d, He³) K³⁹ reaction leading to the lowest levels in K³⁹ were observed.

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The paramagnetic resonance of Mn²⁺ ion in Zn(S:Se) powder phosphors is measured at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures. The results obtained show that the non-linear displacement of emission band with molar proportion of ZnSe is closely connected with the substitution of nearest-neighbor S²⁻ ions of a Mn²⁺ ion by Se²⁻ ions. The observed splitting of the forbidden doublets which are markedly enhanced by addition of ZnSe is in satisfactory agreement with the theoretically expected value. The value of the coupling constant A for hyperfine structure hardly changes below 60 mole % of ZnSe and its absolute value decreases only slightly even in case of ZnSe:Mn.

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The classical treatment of the electron-acoustic wave interaction in piezoelectric semiconductors is extended to acount for the phonon-drag contribution to the thermoelectric effect, since the long wavelength phonons may play a dominant role in this interaction and also the relaxation times of these phonons are very long.
The phonon-drag part of the thermoelectric power, Q_p, is found to be sensitive to the Debye length 1⁄q_D, which is a measure of the screening effect of the interaction. It is shown that for (v_s⁄2Dq_D)²>>1 Q_p is proportional to T⁻⁴, and that it is multiplied by a factor (v_s⁄2Dq_D) when (v_s⁄2Dq_D)²<<1, where v_s is the sound velocity and D is the electron diffusion constant.

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Calculation of the band structure and the Fermi surface of cadmium are carried out semiempirically on the basis of a k-independent pseudo-potential scheme. Three Fourier coefficients of the pseudo-potential are used as adjustable parameters. They are determined so as to make the calculated Fermi surface compatible with experimental results of magnetoacoustic and de Haas-van Alphen effects. The Fermi surface calculated with these parameters is slightly deformed from that calculated on a single orthogonalized plane wave model. The ‘monster’ has collapsed as the result of a pinching off of the horizontal arms, and possesses diagonal arms as the result that the ‘monster’ does not contact along the whole Brillouin zone edge, KH. The values of the effective masses and cyclotron masses of electrons on the ‘pillow’ are also calculated, and they agree fairly well with the cyclotron masses determined by Galt.

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Spectra and buildup-decay curves of the luminescence of ZnS:Cu:Cl phosphors under excitation by 5.5 Mev electrons from a linear accelerator or β-rays of Sr⁹⁰–Y⁹⁰ were compared with those by near uv light. It was found that the ratio of the blue intensity to green one in the spectra of radioluminesence is markedly reduced from that of uv-luminescence. The intensity of uv-luminescence increases with the concentration of Cu up to 0.1% while that of β-luminescence begins to decrease at concentrations more than 0.02%. The normalized deficiency area of buildup curves of β-luminescence is greater than that of uv-luminescence for several phosphors but inverse for others. The results are interpreted as radiation quenching by assuming the production and migration of energetic energy carriers to cause the quenching. A localized transport process in a region along the path of incident electron was proposed to be probable.

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Within the framework of the self-consistent field molecular orbital theory, studies are made of the covalency and the cubic field splitting parameter in ionic crystals, with a particular reference to KNiF₃. It is pointed out that the effect of the rearrangement among the virtually transfered electron and d-electrons is essential in obtaining proper values of the covalency. By using the Heitler-London theory with an admixed excited configuration, in which atomic orbitals of the metal and ligand ions are different from those in the ground configuration, this effect of the rearrangement can be taken into account to some extent, and a reasonable value of the covalency may be obtained. Finally, by making a one to one correspondence between the expressions in the generalized Heitler-London theory and a simple molecular orbial theory, it is shown that the simple molecular orbital theory could successfully be used if an appropriate effective Hamiltonian is assumed.

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By using our theoretical formula derived in part I, the numerical computation of the hyperfine fields in ferromagnetic nickel and cobalt has been performed in addition to a revised calculation of that in ferromagnetic iron. By taking appropriate values of the effective nuclear charge involved in 3d-atomic orbital (Z) and of the mixing amount of 4s wave function into the 3d band (η·10⁻²) the obtained results are found to show remarkably good agreements with the experiments, allowing for the various approximations involved in deriving our theoretical formula. In conclusion a simple band theory of ferromagnetic metals together with the perturbation-theoretic approach to exchange-polarization of crystal electrons seems to be quite useful for explaining the currently available observed results of NMR and the corresponding hyperfine field of ferromagnetic metals.

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The effect of double resonance on magnetic resonance lines for two proton system was observed in a particular case for 2, 4-dibromothiophene molecule. The result was analysed following Bloch’s theory with slight modifications, and the relaxation parameters thus obtained were discussed in the light of the simple statistical treatment of relaxation.

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Electron diffraction patterns were taken of β′ martensite of Cu–Al alloy containing 12.3 wt% of Al. The diffuseness and shifts of spots in these patterns were analysed by using equations derived from the general theory proposed by Kakinoki. Generally speaking, four parameters are necessary, in the case of the Reichweite s=3, for describing the probability of stacking faults on (001) planes, but the observed spectra can be interpreted, in the first approximation, by considering two parameters, α and β, which are related to the cubic and hexagonal stractures, respectively. The amount of relative shifts of spots gives α=0.004∼0.27 and β=0.12∼0.40, varying from crystal to crystal.

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Proton chemical shifts in nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of styrene were semi-empirically evaluated by considering the following effects: (i) The π-ring current effect, (ii) the magnetic anisotropy effect of neighboring carbon atoms, (iii) the local diamagnetic shielding of the hydrogen atom, and (iv) the partial ring current effect.
Calculated values are −0.40 ppm and −0.82 ppm for β- and α-protons, respectively, referred to the proton trans to the phenyl group and the observed values are −0.50 ppm and −1.50 ppm, respectively.

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The paper “Photo-electrons and Joshi Effect” predicted the absence of Joshi Effect in RCA 868 Photo-cell tube on application of a D. C. field of suitable value directed from anode to cathode. This paper presents some observations where appreciably high magnitude of the effect is observed under those conditions and a plausible explanation is offered. Oscillographic observations are also presented which reveal the absence of Joshi Effect along the whole current trace under ideal photo-electron suppression conditions.

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Instability of the rotating electron sheath in the crossed field device is described. Above the critical magnetic field, the rotating sheath is bunched and the E×B rotational oscillations at about 10 Mc are excited. These phenomena are related to the associated low frequency oscillations. From the results it is reasonably concluded that the bunching of the electron sheath is in close connection with the increase in ion loss which results from the collision between ions and neutrals. It is found that the critical magnetic field reasonably agrees with the cutoff field of ions, and diocotron effect is ruled out at the gas pressure above 10⁻³ Torr.

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The cylindrical cavity coaxial with a plasma column along the static magnetic field is analyzed. The modes examined are those which reduce to the TM₁₁₁, TE₁₁₁ and TE₀₁₁ modes in the absence of the plasma. Emphasis is placed on the case when the negative absorption are expected to occur in the vicinity of the electron cyclotron frequency.

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Electric dipole fields in an axially symmetric anisotropic medium are calculated by means of the cylindrical coordinates. Comparing with the spherical waves in an isotropic medium, it becomes clear that the anisotropy deforms the spherical waves into ellipsoidal waves, then it splits into two kinds of waves with different phase velocities.
Far fields and near fields are also discussed.

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The motion of individual charged particles in a Heliotron magnetic field, which is an axialsymmetrically corrugated field with zero-field points, is investigated. The effective potential is introduced to describe the motion in the (r, z) plane, and the conditions for the trapping of the particle inside the neutral line (the line of force passing through the zero-field points) are obtained in terms of the particle energy and canonical angular momentum. The particle orbits are calculated numerically on an electronic computer. The adiabaticity of the magnetic moment of the particle is examined from the calculations, and three classes of orbits; (i) adiabatic, (ii) moderately adiabatic and (iii) non-adiabatic orbits are distinguished. The azimuthal drift and the longitudinal invariant of the particle are also examined.

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From the Liouville equation a kinetic equation is derived which is exact in the sense that exact numerical factors can be given in the arguments of the Coulomb logarithms. The kinetic equation is written in the form of the connection formula obtained in Part I or Part III. The connection formula is generalized so as to make it possible to treat rapidly varying or inhomogeneous plasmas in external fields.

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Using the constitutive equations of a Bingham material suggested by Oldroyd (1947) and the heat energy equation, the heat transfer in Couette flow of such a material has been discussed. It is found that the temperature at the yield surface and the temperature distribution in the elastic and in the flow regions depend upon two parameters Br (Brink-man number) and B (Bingham number). The maximum temperature is found to increase as the Bingham number increases and as the pressure gradient decreases. It is shown that for a given value of the temperature difference of the two walls the direction of heat flow depends upon the velocity of upper plate, and a reversal of the direction of heat flow at the lower plate takes place when the velocity of the upper plate exceeds a certain value.

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Two exact solutions of tracer surface diffusion are presented, one of which is given for an edge source model by the use of Whipple’s solution of grain boundary diffusion and the other is newly brought out for a half-plane source model. Both give concentration profiles similar to that from Fisher’s solution of grain boundary diffusion in which the logarithm of average concentration varies linearly with the distance from the source. With the present solutions the average concentration as a function of distance and the gradient of its logarithm are numerically computed and tabulated for application. The effect of adsorption is considered, from which why most data published were not of Fisher’s solution-type is discussed.

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