The Review of Laser Engineering
Online ISSN : 1349-6603
Print ISSN : 0387-0200
ISSN-L : 0387-0200
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Volume 18, Issue 4
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Koji KAYA
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 193
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_193
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Surface Chemical Reactions Studied by Laser Spectroscopy
    Masahiro KAWASAKI
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 194-202
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_194
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Laser photoablation and surface-photodissociation are studied by detecting of photoftagments of molecules adsorbed on substrates. Pulsed excimer-laser irradiation ablates Si atoms from an Si wafer. The mechanism of this ablation was examined by laser-induced fluorescence analysis of Si atoms. The spatially and time-resolved detection of metal atoms ablated in the laser photo-CVD process of organometallic compounds was performed. Laser irradiation of a multilayer of chlorine and methyl chloride on an Si wafer leads to both photodissociation and formation of photoetching products. The products were detected with a photofragment mass spectrometer. The dynamics of photoablation and surface photodissociation are deduced from translational energy distributions of these photofragments photoablated from the substrate surface.
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  • Electronic Excitation Process of Adsorbates by UV Lasers
    Kazunari DOMEN
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 203-212
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_203
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    Recent studies on laser induced gas-surface interactions with electronic excitation are briefly reviewed. These studies were carried out on the well-defined clean surfaces in ultra-high vacuum systems, and the main tool was a time of flight mass spectrometer. Two studies were reviewed in greater detail, i. e., the systems of CH2I2 on Al2O3 and Ag, and CH3Cl on Ni (111). The former study revealed the characteristic electronic, thermal, and “explosive” desorption effects. The latter showed both direct photolysis and electron-transfer mediated fragmentation of the adsorbate on the metal surface.
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  • Generation and Reactivity of Metal Cluster
    Koji KAYA
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 213-223
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_213
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    Physical and chemical properties of metal microclusters are discussed with particular attention directed to the adsorption reaction on surface of the clusters. The dramatic cluster size dependence of the reactivity is discussed in terms of the electronic structure of individual clusters.
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  • Preparation of Novel Organometallics by Laser Ablation
    Hiroyasu SATO
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 224-232
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_224
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    Laser ablation is utilized as a means of production of highly reactive chemical species. In the “aser ablation-molecular beam method” developed by the authors, metal ions (M+) laser-ablated from the metal surface are allowed to react with organic or organometallic molecules in a molecular beam injected nearby. A wide variety of novel organometallic ions can be obtained as product ions by this method. Results on amines and benzene are given as examples. Product ions are either the 1: 1 complex ions formed by the direct attachment of metal ions and organic (or organometallic) molecules, or the complex ions formed on the release of some neutrals from the 1: 1 complex ions. The formation mechanisms of these ions are discussed. Many intriguing characteristics in the reactivities of typical and transition metals are brought to light. This method, which is very simple, presents many novel aspects in the organometallic chemistry.
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  • Synthesis of Fine Metal Particles by Laser Induced Chain Reaction
    Nobuo SHIMO
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 233-240
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_233
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    Fine metal particles were produced by single laser irradiation of several organometallic compounds. Two key points of this reaction were elucidated from the investigations of reaction conditions. One is the formation of high density active species and the second is the chain propagation of thermal decomposition. The former is affected by laser fluence and irradiation wavelength and the latter is affected by the concentration and property of organometallic compounds Foreign gases added to organometallic compounds also affect the propagation. Fine particles thus formed were spherical and 0.3μm diameter.
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  • Elementary Collision Processes Studied by Laser Spectroscopy
    Hirofumi KAWAZUMI, Teiichiro OGAWA
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 241-249
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_241
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    Recent studies on elementary collision processes by laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy are reviewed. This technique can reveal nascent rotational, vibrational and translational distributions of products under single-collision conditions. These findings disclose the dynamical mechanisms of the elementary processes. Excitation, ionization and dissociation processes induced in electronmolecule and atom (ion) -molecule collisions are described as examples.
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  • Laser Probing of Internal State Distributions of Products and Dynamics of Gas-Phase Bimolecular Reactions
    Yukio NISHIMURA, Hiroshi SEKIYA
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 250-260
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_250
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    The quantum-state distributions of reaction products provide information on the reaction dynamics. Much work has been done by using lasers for detection of products. Lasers can also be used to study the role of allignment of reagents. The present paper reviews laser-induced fluorescenceand mechanistic studies on reactions of hot hydrogen atom, O (3P) atom, and active species of raregases.
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  • Laser Photochemistry of Metal Ions with f Electrons
    Nobuaki NAKASHIMA, Mitsuhiro KUSABA, Yuichi OJIMA, Etsuo FUJIWARA, Yas ...
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 261-266
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_261
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    Laser photochemistry of lanthanid and actinideions in solution is briefly reviewed. A typical example is the photoreduction of Eu3+ in aqueous solution. A nanosecond laser photolysis techniquewas applied to this reaction. The reduction yield was found to be several percent. Detailed studies on these metal ions will provide new methods for nuclear reprocessing.
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  • Laser-Induced Chemistry for Radioactive Solution
    Youichi ENOKIDA
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 267-278
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_267
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    The paper reviws a potential role of laser-induced chemistry in the treatment of radioactive solutions. The first part describes the application of laser-induced chemistry to nuclear fuel reprocessing. A major advantage of laser-induced chemical methods is substitution of light energy for quantities of chemical reagents. The laser-induced redox reactions of U, Np, and Pu are of interest for advanced reprocessing. The second part deals with analytical methods of actinide characterization in natural enyironments. Speciation capabilities of different laser spectroscopies are reported with some examples. The methods under discussion are laser-induced photoacoustic spectroscopy, laserinduced thermal lensing spectroscopy, and Doppler electrophoretic light scattering analysis.
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  • Speciation of Actinoids by Laser-Induced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy
    Takaumi KIMURA, Shinichi NAKAYAMA
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 279-288
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_279
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    Laser-induced photoacoustic spectroscopy (LPAS) has been developed for the direct speciation of actionoids in solution with the minimal disturbance of species equilibria. The speciation of actinoids is defined as the elucidation of the individual physical and chemical forms of actinoids in a sample. In the present review, the characteristics of the optical absorption spectra of actinoids, theprinciple, theory, and construction of the LPAS system are described in detail with its application to the speciation of actinoids in aqueous solution.
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  • Application of Lasers on Electrochemistry
    Shigeyoshi MAEDA
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 289-297
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_289
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Metal deposition (plating) and etching rates are remarkably enhanced by laser illumination with and without an external potential. Plating of Ni, Cu or Au on semiconductors by laser illumination is expected to be a useful method for maskless patterning in microelectronics industry. Selective etching of specific elements in alloy substrates (e.g. stainless steel) by laser with nitric acid solution yields the surface enrichment of another elements (such as Cr) in the matrix followed by passivation, leading to the improvement of corrosion resistance. The mechanism for the laser enhancement of electrochemical reactions is based primarily on a photothermal process, which causes (1) an increase in the charge transfer rate, (2) a shift in the rest potential to more positive values with increasing temperature, and (3) an increase in the mass transport limited current due to the local microstirring of a fluid.
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  • Report on the 1989 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies
    Tadashi OKADA, Takayoshi KOBAYASHI, Hisanori SHINOHARA
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 298-302
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_298
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [title in Japanese]
    1990 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages plate1-plate2
    Published: April 29, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.18.4_plate1
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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