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Volume 70 (2004)
- Issue 6 Pages 645-
- Issue 5 Pages 519-
- Issue 4 Pages 391-
- Issue 3 Pages 261-
- Issue 2 Pages 133-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Volume 70, Issue 2
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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Yuki FUKUSHIArticle type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 133-153
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSIn the 1930s, a massive cholera prevention movement was carried out by the three Shanghai public health authorities (belonging to the International Settlement, the French concession and the Shanghai city government respectively). The movement was part of the collaboration between the League of Nations Health Organization (LNHO) and the Nationalist Government of the Republic of China, and the main goal was mass inoculation. This paper examines the steps which made the government possible and the way it characteristics of public health administration, especially in the International Settlement and Shanghai City. The analysis shows that from the late 1920s, the political relations between the three health authorities were in a delicate state. However, Ludwick RAJCHMAN, the LNHO delegate, encouraged each authority, and finally they agreed to cooperate in the prevention movement. Even so, the International Settlement and Shanghai City differed over how to prevent cholera. The attitudes of each authority in carrying out the movement reflected both such differences and differences in the legal systems of the three districts.View full abstractDownload PDF (2196K) -
Akihiro ITOArticle type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 155-175
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSIn the early stage of the Meiji period, the industrial development strategy of the Yamaguchi Prefectural Office followed the policy laid down by the Department of the Interior. Therefore, there was an attempt to introduce new industries such as sericulture and stock raising. When this was not sucessful, however, the Prefectural Office changed its strategy and from 1877 began to focus on important traditional industries, such as agriculture, and salt and paper manufacturing. It systematized the various industries, and ordered them to introduce technical improvements and quality control. In the salt manufacuturing industry, saltfield owners organized an association which they called Bocho Enden Kaisha. This organization adjusted the quantity of salt production, and controlled the tenant salt producers. The salt manufacturing industry at that time was experiencing a severe depression. The business situation of the tenant producers was not good, and many were leaving the industry. The saltfield owners were also facing difficulties as their rental income decreased. This was why they needed to form a new organization.View full abstractDownload PDF (2087K) -
Chikashi TAKAHASHIArticle type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 177-198
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThe purpose of this article is to examine why Japan began to export fish meal (fish guano) rather than import it during the interwar period. Japan imported fish meal in the 1920s, but exported it during the 1930s. There were both domestic and foreign factors behind this. During the 1920s, the domestic factor was the high price of Japanese fish fertilizer, and the foreign factor was the confusion in the German economy following World War I. On the other hand, during the 1930s, the domestic factor was the strong competition between fish oil cake, which was the raw material for fish meal, and other fertilizers (such as bean cake and ammonium sulfate), and the foreign factor was the increase in demand for fish meal in Europe, especially Germany, and the U.S. Most of the fish meal exported from Japan was made of fish cake, which was produced by a traditional method that had been developed in the Edo period (1603〜1867). Only a small amount of fish meal was produced by modern machines. Japan's success in exporting fish meal was achieved through an improvement in the production of traditional fish oil cake.View full abstractDownload PDF (2038K) -
Katsuhiko KAWAHARAArticle type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 199-211
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSThis paper clarifies the process of transformation and dissolution of associations for people from the same local area that took place in Shanghai from 1945 to 1956. It uses unpublished records from the Shanghai Municipal Archive. In the period immediately following the liberation in 1949, the Chinese Communist Party adopted a moderate policy toward the associations. But after the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950, they were subjected to such harsh treatment that they were unable to survive. Policies such as the 'triple elimination movement' (eliminating corruption, waste, and bureaucracy from society) involved harsh measures against the associations, such as tax systems which in many cases made them bankrupt. My assessment is that from the time of the Korean War, the regime changed its policy toward the associations and decided to bring about their dissolution. Ultimately this enabled the Party to develop roots at the base of Chinese society. In short, the regime had started to perceive the associations as obstacles to the spread of its power into the deepest reached of Chinese society.View full abstractDownload PDF (1342K) -
Takahiko HASEGAWAArticle type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 213-225
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
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[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 227-229
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
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[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 229-231
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (489K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 231-233
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (494K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 234-236
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
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[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 236-238
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (493K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 238-240
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
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[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 240-243
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (652K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 243-245
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
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[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 245-247
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (461K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 247-249
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (496K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 249-251
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 253-
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 254-255
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
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Article type: Bibliography
2004 Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 256-257
Published: July 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 09, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (139K)
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