Archivum histologicum japonicum
Print ISSN : 0004-0681
Volume 22, Issue 4
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
  • Toshio ITO, Yoshiyuki TAKAHASHI, Yoshihiko UMAHARA
    1962Volume 22Issue 4 Pages 281-304
    Published: April 20, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Bei ein ganzes Jahr hindurch monatlich angesammelten, insgesamt 60 Fällen von der japanischen Fledermaus (Rhimolophus ferrum equinum Nippon) wurde der sog. juxtaglomeruläre Apparat der Niere histologisch und cytologisch eingehend studiert. Das Untersuchungsmaterial wurde im lebendfrischen Zustand hauptsächlich mit dem LEVIschen Osmiumgemisch und ZENKER-Formol fixiert, in Paraffin eingebettet, darauf in 4μ dicke Serienschnitt zerlegt. Die Färbung der Paraffinschnitte geschah mit Hämatoxylin (HANSEN)-Eosin, Eisenhämatoxylin (HEIDENHAIN) und Azan. Die Perjodsäure-SCHIFFsche Methode (PAS) wurde auch appliziert, dabei wurde die Speichelverdauungsprobe jedesmal angestellt.
    Bei der Fledermaus besteht der sog. Juxtaglomerularapparat der Niere aus 1. Epitheloidzellen des Vas afferens, 2. Macula densa und 3. GOORMAGHTIGHschen Zellhaufen, welche alle in der Nähe des Gefäßpols von Nierenkörperchen beieinander vorhanden sind. Das Vorkommen der sog. BECHERschen Zellgruppe, welche von einigen Autoren zu dem Juxtaglomerularapparat zugerechnet worden war (BUCHER u. REALE 1961), wurde bei der Fledermaus nicht immer festgestellt, daher wurde diese fragliche Zellgruppe in dieser Untersuchung von dem Juxtaglomerularapparat ausgenommen.
    In der Media des dem Gefäßpol des Nierenkörperchens zugerückten, kurzen Endabschnittes vom Vas afferens finden sich die Epitheloidzellen an Stelle der glatten Muskelfasern in wechselnder Zahl. Bei der Fledermaus kommen sie im allgemeinen in einer kleineren Zahl dem Gefäßpol angrenzend vor. Sie verteilen sich meistenfalls um das Gefäßlumen herum konzentrisch ein- oder zweischichtig, die mehr oder weniger große kompakte Anhäufung vieler Epitheloidzellen (sog. Polkissen) trifft man bei der Fledermaus sehr selten. Die Lamina elastica interna, die in der Wand des Vas efferens zwischen der Intima (Endothel) und der Media nachgewiesen wird, ist in der Strecke, in der diese Arteriola die Epitheloizellen führt, vorhanden. Bei dieser Arteriola färbt sich aber die Lamina elastica interna mit Resorcinfuchsin (WEIGERT) kaum, aber mit Azan prächtig dunkel blau, dies ist auch der Fall bei der die Epitheloidzellen führenden Strecke.
    Die Epitheloidzellen der Fledermausniere sind wechselnd groß und mannigfaltig gestaltet, aber kurzgefaßt immer mehr oder weniger abgerundet. Das Cytoplasma erscheint hell, zeigt keine Fibrillenstruktur. Der rundliche oder elliptische Kern ist im allgemeinen größer als der der glatten Muskelfaser und der Endothelzelle, sieht hell aus und enthält kleine Nucleolen. Wir haben in dieser Untersuchung zuerst festge-stellt, daß die Epitheloidzellen bei der Fledermaus wie bei der Ratte und Maus (RUYTER 1925) im Cytoplasma feine Granula enthalten, während die granulafreien Epitheloidzellen auch nicht selten vorgefunden werden. Die Menge der Granula schwankt nach den Zellen, bei der dichten Ausfüllung mit den Granula sind die Epitheloidzellen hypertrophiert, haben in der Regel einen ebenso großen Kern. Die spezifischen Granula der Epitheloidzellen der Fledermausniere sind im allgemeinen fein, nahezu gleich groß wie die granulären Mitochondrien dieser Zellen, sie färben sich mit Azan orange oder rot, mit Eisenhämatoxylin (HEIDENHAIN) schwarz, während sie mit Hämatoxylin (HANSEN)-Eosin ungefärbt bleiben; die Perjodsäure-SCHIFF-Reaktion fällt an ihnen sogar nach der Anstellung der Speichelverdauungsprobe positiv aus.
    Die Granulamenge der Epitheloidzellen unterliegt einer merklichen jahreszeitlichen Schwankung, obwohl die spezifischen Granula ein ganzes Jahr hindurch niemals von diesen Zellen vollkommen verschwinden. Bei den winterschlafenden Tieren (Dezember-, Januar- und Februarfledermäusen) ist die Granulamenge mäßig
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  • II. The Effect of Some Amino Acids on these Cells in Vitro
    Kimio FUJIE, Toshio KOIKE, Junji HATANAKA
    1962Volume 22Issue 4 Pages 305-315
    Published: April 20, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The stomach and the pancreas extirpated from the starved rats were placed in 37°C TYRODE's liquid. L-histidine, l-tyrosine, l-leucine, l-methionine respectively was added into the liquid. The secretory activity of the gastric peptic (chief) cells and the pancreatic cells was observed morphologically and was compared with data obtained from former experiments, viz, where 1. TYRODE's liquid, 2. TYRODE's liquid containing l-histamine were used.
    Histidine promotes 1. the discharge of productin vacuoles from the gastric surface cells, 2. the production of secretory granules in the gastric peptic cells and 3. the vacuolization of the granules (a step in discharge of the granules) in the stomach. These effects on the stomach are identical with those of histidine injected subcutaneously into starved rats. Histidine promotes also the discharge of zymogen granules from the pancreatic cells of the extirpated pancreas.
    Leucine seems to be effective in a minor degree on the surface cells and the peptic cells of the stomach as in the case of histidine. The effect of leucine on the pancreatic cells is negligible.
    Tyrosine and methionine seem to be non-effective on the stomach and the pancreas.
    Comparing these findings with those obtained when histamine-TYRODE's liquid was used, it is noticed that no substance in TYRODE's liquid can promote the production of secretory granules in the gastric peptic cells and the pancreatic cells so actively as histamine. From the point of view of the effects of productin on the secretory activity of the gastric cells and the pancreatic cells, it seems certain that histamine exists as a component of productin.
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  • Kazuaki TAKADA, Shusaku YOSHIKI, Jiro OKAMOTO
    1962Volume 22Issue 4 Pages 317-327
    Published: April 20, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A comparative study of the distribution of various enzymes, such as alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, esterase, aminopeptidase, glycosidase and succinic dehydrogenase in the developing bone and cartilage was carried out using the knee joints from young rats and fetal guinea pigs. The portions which showed strong enzymatic activities were: the proliferating and hypertrophic cartilage cell layers of epiphysis in alkaline phosphatase, bone, trabeculae and the matrix in the calcifying zone of cartilage in acid phosphatase, matrix of bone and cartilage and cartilage cell in glycosidase.
    A moderate activity of alkaline phosphatase was seen in the surface of bone trabeculae in the primary spongiosa. Regarding esterase activity, rather strong activity was found in the matrix of the calcifying zone of the cartilage and bone, and a moderate activity was diffusely observed in another parts.
    Aminopeptidase activity showed only slight activity in the external layer of the periostium.
    On succinic dehydrogenase, activity was in general weak and relative moderate activity was seen in the primary bone trabeculae.
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  • III. Relationships of Erythrocytes to the Minute Architectonic of Silver-Blackened Fibers (SF) in the Cardiac Muscle and to That of Blood Vascular Silver-Blackened Fibers (BSF) in Blood Capillaries
    Tsuyoshi SANO, Gundai KAWAHARA
    1962Volume 22Issue 4 Pages 329-375
    Published: April 20, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    As part of a series of morphological studies on the heart beat and blood vascular phenomenon in the vertebrated animals, the authors investigated silver-blackened fibers distributed in the blood vascular system. As a result, detailed descriptions were made on the very complicated architectonic of these fibers distributed in the cardiac muscle, the relationship between these fibers and the endothelial cells of blood capillaries, and the presence of some correlations between these fibers and erythrocytes.
    The following conclusions were drawn from the present investigation.
    1. A complicated secondary node (an auxiliary node, an atrioauricular relay node) was recognized to exist between the node of silver-blackened fibers so far known and the main trunk of these fibers.
    2. It was indicated that there was an atrioventricular border node on the boun dary between the atrium and the ventricle in the heart of eel.
    3. The terminal branches of the peripheral divisions of these fibers distributed in the atrial and ventricular portions of the heart formed a spiral structure, a close contact with the sarcolemma, ramifying endings, and terminal networks.
    4. In the walls of blood capillaries, silver-blackened fibers are distributed in the area where the basement membrane of the endothelial cells is located. They show a close relationship to the endothelial cells. The adventitial cells are present external to these fibers, there being only a weak direct relationship between these cells and fibers.
    5. It seemed that the erythrocyte played a very important part in the activation and regeneration of silver-blackened fibers. This presumption was made from the observation on the destruction phenomenon of erythrocytes.
    Therefore, formation of a node (a secondary node) by silver-blackened fibers, the state of termination of terminal branches, distribution of these fibers in the walls of blood capillaries, and the correlations between these fibers and erythrocytes were clarified in the present investigation. From the results obtained with regard to the distribution and construction of these fibers, it is advocated that these fibers are very closely related to the heart beat and blood vascular phenomenon.
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  • I. In PURKINJE Cells of the Rat Cerebellum
    Yasuyuki SHINONAGA
    1962Volume 22Issue 4 Pages 377-385
    Published: April 20, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Using the cerebellum of young (ca. 100g of body weight) as well as old (ca. 360g of body weight) rats of WISTAR strain, the relation of lysosomes in PURKINJE cells to pigment granules such as ceroids and lipofuscins was studied histochemically.
    The present investigation revealed that the pigment granules in PURKINJE cells belong to the class of cellular organelles called lysosomes by DE DUVE (1955), indicating the close relationship of the acid phosphatase activity to the pigment formation in PURKINJE cells.
    Results obtained in the present study are in good agreement with the report of ESSNER and NOVIKOFF (1961) who studied the relation of lysosomes to lipofuscins in the rodent liver.
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  • 1962Volume 22Issue 4 Pages 387-393
    Published: April 20, 1962
    Released on J-STAGE: February 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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