Morphological measurement was carried out on 43 representatives of Sumo-wrestlers, with the object of throwing light on their body build which is the largest size amoung all Japanese.
The most superior measurement was found in the skinfold-thickness amounting four times the normal value, followed by+70% in the body weight and +50-+20% in the circumferances of trunk and limbs. But superiority of the skeletal growth shown in the stature, limbslength and -breadth is much less, as little as +4-+8%.
Although their body size had been pretty larger than the average Japanese already when they entered their Sumo-school, there are enough evidences that the daily life at Sumo-school has accelerated their growth up to the abnormal level.
They spend their daily life in such conditions as that they bring all their strength into play only half an hour before the breakfast early in the morning without any physical effort in other time, and take a lot of meal generally containing much fish meat, Tofu (soybean curd) and vegetables “up to mouth”, taking no cake between meals and no smoke at all.

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1) The RMR (Relative Metabolic Rate=(Energy Requirement/Basal Metabolism) of swimming ahteletes ranged from 6.6 to 45.2. RMR value of crawl strokers was the highest showing 45.2 while levels of breast strokers was the lowest being 6.6. In case of heavy strokers averages of RMR levels ranged as follows: 33.5 for crawl strokers, 26.5 for back strokers and 19.3 for side strokers.
2) In this extent the relation between velocity of swimming and RMR could not be expressed as an index function as it rather showed a linear equation.
3) The RMR of hockey, soccer, rugby, table tennis, basket ball and volley ball players during training ranged in the following order: Rugby 29.4, basket ball 26.2, hockey 17.2, volley ball 13.7, soccer 12.0 and table tennis 7.1.
4) The average RMR values of atheletes performing tryouts were measured. The order and RMR values were table tennis 12.6, soccer (formation) 11.3, and hockey players 9.1.

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Morgan et al has recentry reported that sorbitol has the thiamine sparing action in rat.
Then, it is very interesting to research whether sorbitol has a same action on riboflavin in rat.
The diet composition is shown in Table 1.
Growing rats of approximately 60-80 gram body weight were divided into two groups. One was riboflavin supplemented group, the other was riboflavin unsupplemented group.
The former was supplied 5γ of riboflavin per animal per day orally in addition to riboflavin contained in the diet.
The latter was only supplied approximately 0.7γ of riboflavin per animal per day from the diet. Each group was divided into three diet groups.
As shown in Fig. 1, 2, a remarked increase of body weight was obtained in sucrose plus sorbitol diet group than in sucrose diet group, in both riboflavin supplemented and riboflavin unsupplemented group. The amounts of fecal riboflavin for three days were the largest in D-sorbitol added group in both riboflavin supplemental and suboptimal.
It suggests that the riboflavin synthesis by intestinal bacteria was increased by addition of D-sorbitol.
From the results of these experiments, it has been presumed that D-sorbitol may have the riboflavin sparing action in rats.

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For the purpose of determine the most effective diet for the flight officers and crew, we have done these experiments.
At first, we found that there was the variation on the value of Flicker-test for the men in flight.
Then we wanted to find the most effective diet for the Flicker-test value of the man in flight. And that diet must be taken on usual way and time every day, not only just before or in flight.
We divided the selected men in 8 groups, and let them ate the diets of different ratios of carbohydrate, fat and protein from three days before the flight.
Then the variation of Flicker-test value of them in 5 hours flight were compared.
The diet contains 100gr. of fat (25-29%) showed the most good result on the case of this experiment.

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