The Japanese Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics

Objective: We developed a portion size list considering the diet typical of Airin district. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with this portion size list.

Methods: Two hundred and fifty-five men completed the FFQ, and 21 of them also completed 3-day dietary records (DR). We compared intakes of energy, selected nutrients, and food groups calculated from the FFQ with those from the DR. Correlation coefficients (CCs) were used to assess the validity.

Results: Across energy and selected nutrients, the median CC between the DR and FFQ was 0.57 for crude and 0.56 for energy-adjusted, de-attenuated values. The number of nutrients with a CC of more than 0.4 was 28 out of 33 in both crude and energy-adjusted, de-attenuated values. Across selected food groups, the median CC between the DR and FFQ was 0.50 in both crude and energy-adjusted values, and the number of food groups with a CC of more than 0.4 was 12 out of 17 in both methods.

Conclusion: Although there are various limitations, this FFQ with portion size list may be a useful tool in dietary assessment in this population.

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Objectives: To examine the lifestyle habits of underweight and overweight junior high school students.

Methods: In June 2015, the Fukushima Prefectural Board of Education conducted a diet survey among 1,980 second-graders who attended 16 public junior high schools in the prefecture. We examined the relationship between lifestyle and body size (underweight: ≤−0%, standard: >−10% and <10%, overweight: ≥10%) using lifestyle habits as independent variables and body size as the dependent variable for each gender. Chi-square tests and multinomial logistic regression analysis were used.

Results: Of all students, 1,904 replied (response rate: 96.1%). Among underweight boys, the odds of eating fast were lower (Odds: 0.57 [95% Confidence Interval: 0.33~0.97]), and the odds of eating snacks more than 4 days per week were higher (Odds: 1.68 [1.12~2.52]). While, among overweight boys, the odds of engaging in physical activity infrequently (Odds: 2.48 [1.47~4.18]) and of eating fast (Odds: 1.59 [1.02~2.47]) were higher, those of eating snacks frequently were lower (Odds: 0.42 [0.26~0.67]). On the other hand, for girls, the odds of eating snacks frequently were higher for the underweight group, and those of watching TV for a longer duration were higher for the overweight group.

Conclusions: Eating slowly or normally and higher frequency of eating snack were related to underweight, and eating fast, lower frequency of eating snack, and less exercise were related to overweight among junior high school boys. Among girls, higher frequency of eating snack was related to underweight, and longer watching TV was related to overweight.

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