We conducted a collaborative study as a part of Shizuoka Prefecture Health Project (Kenmin Kenko Kiso Chousa) in November, 1995. Subjects were 99 men and 162 women aged 20 to 59 randomly selected from participants of the nutritional survey of the Project. The purpose of this study is to clarify the distribution and level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and the relation between dietary nutrient intake and serum vitamin D status. The results are summarized as follows.
1) The serum level of 25 (OH) D in men was higher than that in women. The average 25 (OH) D in men in their 20s was 50% higher than in women of the same age group, and 20 to 30% higher in those who were in their 30s, 40s and 50s.
2) In multiple linear regression analysis, the serum concentration of 25 (OH) D as a dependent variable was regressed by sex, age, body mass index, nutrient intake and exercise outdoors as independent variables. The concentration of 25 (OH) D was higher in men and positively related to aging and dietary vitamin D intake.
3) Two-thirds of dietary vitamin D intake was from fish and shellfish, the major source of dietary vitamin D in Japan.
4) None had serum 25 (OH) D deficiency (<10ng/ml) and 2.0% of men and 6.2% of women showed relatively low concentrations of 25 (OH) D (<15ng/ml). Average dietary vitamin D intake in the low 25 (OH) D group was significantly lower than that in the normal group at 118 and 334 IU per day respectively. The ultrasonic measurement of os calcis revealed that the mean of SOS (speed of sound) of the low 25 (OH) D (n=8) was lower than that of the normal 25 (OH) D group (n=52) at 1, 548.4 and 1, 557.1 m/sec respectively but not with statistical significance.

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In order to examine the role of drinks in dietary life of female junior college students and their parents, a 7-day survey was conducted and the following result obtained.
1) Frequency of drink intake per person per day was 3.3 times for students, 4.5 for fathers and 4.3 for mothers, and quantity per person per day was 717ml for students, 1, 126ml for fathers and 820ml for mothers. The frequency and quantity increased significantly in the order of students, mothers and fathers (p<0.05).
2) The order of frequency during the 7-day period varied depending on sex and age; milk, green tea and oolong tea were the top three drinks for students, green tea, coffee and beer for fathers, and green tea, coffee and milk for mothers.
3) The survey suggested that the subjects chose their drinks for various reasons; water, carbonated drinks, 100% fruit juice, oolong tea, and roasted barley tea for physiological reason of quenching thirst; milk and lactic acid drinks for health reasons; and green tea out of habit. Reasons for taking coffee and black tea were diverse and that for beer depended on sex and age.
4) While drink intake is mainly for supplementing water, it is also for reasons of nutrition; milk and green tea in particular are considered to contribute to intake of calcium, vitamin B₂ and vitamin C in addition to water intake.

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This study was conducted to learn the various life styles and subjective views regarding health of female athletic college students by investigating the duration of exercise, keeping regular hours in rising and going to bed, dietary habits and degree of stresses. Subjects were 324 second-year female students of athletic college (A) and 84 second-year female students of non-athletic college (NA). Students of A were divided into two groups; those belonging to sport club at college (Group I) and non-members (Group II). Students of NA served as the control group (Group III). The results are summarized below.
1) Groups I and II were higher in height, bodyweight and BMI compared to Group III, and the resting heart rate was lower. The time of rising was the latest and the average sleep hours the longest for Group I. There were no significant differences amongthree groups in keeping regular hours of rising and going to bed, and 65% of subjects kept irregular hours.
2) There were clearly observed differences among groups regarding breakfast, between meal snacks and supper. Compared to Group III, Groups I and II skipped meals more often and their daily intake of “green and yellow vegetables”, “other vegetables and fruits”, “legume and soybean products” was lower.
3) The dietary scores of Groups I and II were significantly lower than Group III.
4) Group I contained the greatest number of those living alone, followed by Groups II and III. Compared to those living with family, they had lower dietary scores and kept more irregular hours of rising and going to bed.
5) Good health showed high correlation between regular hours of rising and going to bed, good dietary habits and lower degree of stresses.
These results suggest that it is essential for female athletes to establish regular life habits and review their dietary habits in order to maintain their healthiness and achieve high performance in sports.

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