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Volume 74 (2016)
- Issue 6 Pages 157-
- Issue 5 Pages 117-
- Issue 4 Pages 81-
- Issue 3 Pages 51-
- Issue 2 Pages 29-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 74, Issue 3
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
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Original Articles
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Shinya Kadowaki, Tomoko Kaburagi2016 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 51-59
Published: 2016
Released on J-STAGE: July 12, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: In the non-obese condition, the effect of low carbohydrate-high protein (LC-HP) diets on oxidative stress leading to atherosclerotic disease is unclear. We investigated the impact of an LC-HP diet on oxidative stress for a short (2 weeks) and long (13 weeks) period, using non-obese mice.
Methods: Six-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were given either the LC-HP (PFC energy ratio: 40, 16, 44) or control (PFC energy ratio: 20, 16, 64) diet for either 2 or 13 weeks.
Results: In the LC-HP-diet group, the bodyweight gain and epididymal adipose tissue weight and adipocyte area were significantly lower and kidney weight was higher than those in the control. Hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly lower in the LC-HP-diet group than in the control. The LC-HP diet did not affect serum levels of adipocytokines, insulin, or hepatic TBARS—an indicator of oxidation products, or lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 ligand containing ApoB—an indicator of oxidized LDL.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that an LC-HP diet in non-obese mice inhibited bodyweight gain and epididymal adipocyte area. Additionally, the LC-HP diet might affect the development of arteriosclerotic diseases by increasing oxidative stress through the reduction of hepatic SOD activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (2135K) -
Michiko Kato, Kazufumi Tsubaki, Takao Kuge, Seiichiro Aoe2016 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 60-68
Published: 2016
Released on J-STAGE: July 12, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: Barley has been reported to possess several physiological effects. However its dose-dependent effects when fortified with β-glucan isolate have not yet been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a high-fat diet with barley β-glucan on glucose tolerance and abdominal fat-liver lipid accumulation in mice.
Methods: Thirty-two 6-week-old mice were randomly divided into 4 groups of 8 and fed high-fat experimental diets. The percentage content of β-glucan in the control (C) group, whole grain barley (B) group, barley fortified with β-glucan isolate (B + G) group, and β-glucan isolate (G) group were 0.0, 1.2, 3.1, and 5.0%, respectively. The experimental diets and tap water were provided ad libitum for 12 weeks. Glucose tolerance tests were performed and then liver lipid contents, serum insulin, and leptin concentrations were measured. The average size of abdominal adipocytes was also measured using a Coulter counter.
Results: Serum insulin concentrations and area under the curve of blood glucose in the control group were significantly lower compared with all barley groups, and significant dose-dependency with β-glucan content was also observed. Serum leptin concentrations, average size of adipocytes, abdominal fat weight, and liver lipid accumulation were all reduced by β-glucan dose-dependently.
Conclusions: These results suggested that barley β-glucan improved glucose tolerance and suppressed abdominal fat and liver lipid accumulation dose-dependently in mice. Similar results in human trials are anticipated.View full abstractDownload PDF (1072K)
Brief Reports
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Naoko Kaneda, Ai Koyasu, Toshi Haruki2016 Volume 74 Issue 3 Pages 69-79
Published: 2016
Released on J-STAGE: July 12, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: This study examined the association between eating habits and nutrition education implementation among kindergarten teachers with the aim of promoting nutrition education in kindergartens.
Methods: Two thousand and fifty-eight kindergarten teachers in B City, A Prefecture, completed a self-administered survey between November 2010 and May 2011. The questionnaires were used to investigate teacher knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding diet management, and nutrition education implementation. Data were analyzed to examine any association between the variables and also to compare results among the age group of respondents.
Results: Six hundred and thirty-seven teachers responded in total; 553 valid responses were obtained. Results showed that 42.6% of teachers in their 20s and 55.8% in their 30s~50s consistently checked food labels (p = 0.004); 19.5% of teachers in their 20s and 52.2% in their 30s~50s cooked almost every day (p < 0.001); and 55.1% of teachers in their 20s and 68.7% in their 30s~50s had provided nutrition education in kindergartens (p = 0.003). The proportion of teachers in their 20s was significantly smaller across all items. Teachers in their 20s who had not implemented nutrition education perceived more unbalanced meal plans as good (p = 0.004). Moreover, there was a difference in the frequency of cooking between teachers in their 20s who had provided nutrition education and those who had not (p = 0.022). There was no association between nutrition education implementation and eating habits among teachers in their 30s~50s.
Conclusion: Differences in checking food labels, frequency of cooking, and nutrition education implementation in kindergartens among the age groups of respondents were observed. Teachers in their 20s who had not implemented nutrition education had room for improvement in their knowledge of balanced menus and also in the frequency of cooking.View full abstractDownload PDF (943K)
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