Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica
Online ISSN : 1884-4545
Print ISSN : 0032-6313
ISSN-L : 0032-6313
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Volume 78, Issue 1
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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  • Vertiginous Diseases and Model Experiments
    pathogenesis of dizziness due to cerebrovascular disorders
    Takashi Matsunaga
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 1-20
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.1
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Three types of model experiments, including a hemodynamic simulation model and otoneurological animal models, were used to study circulatory dynamics and the pathogenesis of dizziness due to cerebrovascular disorders.
    1. A glass-tube model experiment for the vertebrobasilar arterial system.
    In a parallel conduit model the velocity in the narrow tube was slower than that in the wide one unlike the situation in direct conduit model. Moreover, the higher the viscosity of fluid in the circuit, and the lower the rate of pumping, the slower was the flow velocity in the wide tube in comparison with that in the narrow one.
    The difference, however, in the flow velocity between the wide and narrow tube became less when a branch tube was added to the parallel conduit.
    2. Vestibular function tests in rabbits with a unilateral ligated or stenotic vertebral artery.
    Rabbits with a unilateral ligated vertebral artery had more positional and headshaking afternystagmus than did those with a unilateral stenotic vertebral artery and more peripheral labyrinthine impairment in the pendular rotation test.
    3. Vestibular function tests in animals with acute and chronic hypertension and microscopic histological findings in the inner ears.
    Vestibular function tests rarely revealed abnormalities in guinea pigs with acute hypertension caused by a drug, and the histological findings in the inner ears were almost normal. Positional nystagmus was observed in vestibular function tests in rabbits with chronic hypertension caused by unilateral stenosis of a renal artery and bilateral resection of the vasomotor nerves, but the other vestibular function tests hardly showed any peripheral labyrinthine impairment, and the inner ears were histologically almost normal.
    4. The above findings suggest that circulatory disturbances of either the right or the left vertebral artery, and those of branches of AICA or PICA have a great influence on the circulatory dynamics of the vertebrobasilar system, a parallel conduit. Circulatory disturbances such as stenosis of vertebral arteries appear to make a dynamic difference between the right and the left vertebral artery, a parallel conduit, causing imbalance of the blood flow to the right or the left vestibular system, and to cause dizziness. Hypertension alone can cause only a little irreversible impairment of the peripheral labyrinths, and model experiments for hypertension and dizziness seem to need the addition of other factors.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 22-23
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.22
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  • Changes of Vestibular Function after Endolymphatic Sac Surgery
    Yuzuru Kobayashi, Toshiaki Yagi, Shunkichi Baba, Tomokazu Kamio, Hideh ...
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 25-30
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.25
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    In order to clarify the direct influence of endolymphatic sac surgery on vestibular function, changes of symptoms and positional nystagmus of 23 patients were analyzed before and after surgery.
    The incidence of dizziness was highest 7 to 10 days after surgery. During the same period, positional nystagmus was the most prominent. Two months after surgery, the incidence of dizziness had decreased significantly, and positional nystagmus had disappeared in most cases.
    This analysis revealed that the direct influence of endolymphatic sac surgery on vestibular function was greatest 7 to 10 days after surgery, and that it took about two months to disappear.
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  • Changes of the Tympanogram after Acute Otitis Media in Children
    Results of Screening Tests and Questionnaires
    Akiyoshi Sato, Kanji Iio
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 31-40
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.31
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    The results of tympanometry performed during routine examinations entering school were correlated with the incidence of acute otitis media. The interval since the disease and the changes of the tympanogram (TG) after recovery were noted.
    1) Type C TG was seen in 30 to 40% of the patients less than one year after the disease and the eustachian tube was believed to be still abnormal. More than one year after disease, Type C TG was seen in 20%, and after two years, no patients had Type C TGs and all had Type A TGs, indicating normal function of the eustachian tube.
    2) In these cases, however, if there were associated nasal or pharyngeal diseases, normalization was delayed, and recurrences of otitis media were more frequent.
    3) The majority of patients with associated nasal or pharyngeal disease but without a previous history of acute otitis media had Type A TGs, indicating no effect on the eustachian tube.
    4) In many patients in whom tubo-tympanic catarrh was diagnosed, symptoms suggestive of infection of the upper respiratory tract were found by questionnaires, even if they had no previous history of otitis media. This suggests that they may have contracted otitis media without the knowledge of their families. In these cases, otitis media can be discovered in a high incidence by attentive pediatricians. Therefore, close cooperation with pediatricians is important.
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  • A Clinical Study of Nasal Allergy Conducted by Osaka University (Report No. 8)
    Morihiro Irifune, Satoshi Ogino, Ichiro Ohkawachi, Tamotsu Harada, Tor ...
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 41-46
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.41
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    The end point of intracutaneus test titration with a number of allergens was correlated with the RAST score in 76 patients with nasal allergy. The duration of the disease was also correlated with RAST scores and various other data.
    In the case of house dust allergy, the end point of intracutaneus test titration and the duration of the disease showed a significant correlation with the degree of sensitivity to the intracutaneus tests and the RAST scores.
    In the case of cedar-pollen allergy, the end point of intracutaneus test titration was not correlated with the RAST score, but a positive correlation was noted between the duration of the disease and the degree of sensitivity to the intracutaneus test.
    It was concluded that RAST scores and the degree of sensitivity to intracutaneus tests can be used in determining the initial concentration of house dust solutions for desensitization therapy.
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  • Statistical Analysis of Nasal Allergy Treated at Sapporo Medical College
    Eiji Azuma, Hiromi Ara, Hidemitsu Isago, Kazuko Enomoto, Kohji Asakura ...
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 47-62
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.47
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    From 1971 to 1980, 1700 patients were treated for allergic rhinitis at Sapporo Medical College. The number of patients increased 2.9 times during this period. The increase occurred in all ages and both sexes nearly equally. Intracutaneous tests to house dust or mites were positive in 60% of patients throughout the observation period. Nasal allergen challenge tests were positive in 77.9%, 64.4%, 60.3%, 59.1% and 36.1% of patients to mugwort, mites, timothy grass, house dust and candida, respectively.
    Eosinophilia was found in nasal smears in 64% of all patients, and peripheral blood eosinophilia (>7% eosinophils) in 20.3%. X-rays showed that 49.2% of all patients had abnormal paranasal sinuses. Nasal symptoms appeared by age 5 in 30.7% of male patients and 10.0% of female patients, by age 10 in 57.5% of male patients, and by age 25 in 54.3% of female patients.
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  • Multiple Neurinoma of the Larynx -a case report-
    Masaya Takumida, Tatsuzo Taira, Kohji Yajin, Seiichi Kawamata, Yasuo H ...
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 63-71
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.63
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    The authors treated a 61-year-old woman with neurinoma of the larynx. The tumor was located in the submucosal region of the arytenoid on the right side of the larynx. Histologically, some additional foci were found by the use of TEM and SEM. Surgical resection of the entire tumor had to be done by external neck excision instead of endoscopically.
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  • Field Cancerization in the Hypopharynx and Cervical Esophagus
    Katsunori Umatani, Yoshihiro Tsuruta, Kunitoshi Yoshino, Hiroshi Miyah ...
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 73-85
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.73
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    Eleven cases (10.8%) of field cancerization were found among 102 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus at the Center for Adult Diseases, Osaka, from September, 1978 through November, 1983. Nine were males and two were females.
    In only one of the 11 cases of field cancerization was the carcinoma, radiationinduced. This patient developed squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx and papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid 28 years after radiation therapy for tuberculous cervical adenitis.
    Since unexpected local recurrences are due mainly to inadequate resection, the concept of field cancerization must be considered in surgical treatment.
    We stressed in this report the value of esophagoscopy with Lugol's solution spraying method and the need for careful long-term follow-up of these patients.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 87
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.87
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 88-90
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.88
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 90-93
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.90
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 93-96
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.93
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 96-98
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.96
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  • [title in Japanese]
    [in Japanese]
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 98-101
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.98
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  • An Experimental Study of the Semicircular Canal Cupula
    Mapping of the cupula in response to direct stimulation
    Mamoru Suzuki, Yasuo Harada
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 103-108
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.103
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    The posterior semicircular canal of the frog was isolated in frog Ringer's solution. The ampullary wall was cut, and the entire cupula was exposed. The surface of the utricular side and the lateral surface of the cupula were depressed 20μm by a fine glass pipette. The action potential from the posterior ampullary nerve was recorded with a glass suction electrode. Nine points on the utricular surface and 2 points on the lateral surface of the cupula were selected for stimulation. The maximum action potential was recorded upon stimulation of the lowest point on the utricular surface. The potential decreased as the stimulated point approached the top of the cupula. There was no difference in response to stimuli between the central one-third and the lateral one-third of the cupula. When the lateral side of the cupula was depressed, the action potential was markedly reduced. In contrast to stimulation of the utricular surface, stimulation of the upper lateral surface yielded a greater action potential than did stimulation of the lower.
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  • Effect of Furosemide on Glucose Oxidation in Relation to Oto-and Nephrotoxicity
    Hideki Kida
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 109-121
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.109
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    The ototoxic side effects of furosemide on the cochlea, liver and kidney were studied in albino guinea pigs. The amount of 14CO2 oxidized from [1-14C] glucose was measured in vitro with a scintillation counter to investigate the influence of furosemide on glycolysis. Although the inhibitory effect of furosemide on glucose oxidation was seen in each organ, it was especially prominent in the cochlea.
    In order to determine the sites of inhibition of this metabolic process, the activity of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was estimated by the histochemical method of Himmelhoch. Furosemide or saline was injected into the neck veins of guinea pigs in a concentration of 80mg/kg in 30 seconds under pentobarbital anesthesia. Animals were decapitated at 2, 10, 30 and 60min after furosemide injection. The enzyme activity in each organ was equally inhibited, maximally at 2min, by the administration of furosemide. However, it returned to normal most rapidly in the liver.
    In conclusion, it is most likely that inhibition of glucose oxidation, especially at the step of GAPDH, is involved in the common mechanism of the oto-and nephrotoxicities of furosemide.
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  • Comparative Anatomy of the Eustachian Tube in Several Animal Species
    Kuang Tsuong Yang
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 123-144
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.123
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    The histology, physiology and functional anatomy of the human eustachian tube has been described in many reports, but there have been no comparative studies of the anatomy of the eustachian tube as it develops from the lower to the higher animals, or as it changes with aging in animals and in humans.
    This study was tried to compare the antomy of the eustachian tube of several animal species and of human beings.
    1. The pharyngeal orifice of frogs and lizards resembled that of 2 month old human fetuses.
    The mammalian pharyngeal orifice was a slit, and the torus tubaris was not clear except in cats and pigs.
    2. Phylogenetically, the pharyngeal orifice of the lower mammals is situated below the hard palate, while in the higher mammals, it is situated above the hard palate.
    3. The relationship between the levator palatini muscle and the eustachian tube changes with age as stated by Holborow, also can be obeserved phylogenetically.
    4. In animal cartilage, the lateral lamina was well developed than the medial lamina.
    The morphological changes of cartilage described by Holborow were verified phylogenetically.
    5. The tubal cartilage of lower mammals was hyaline, while that of higher mammals was elastic cartilage was noted no specific distribution of elastic fibers, and no island formation of chondrocytes could be verified.
    6. In guinea pigs, rabbits and cats, the angle between the base of the skull and the tubal cavity was acute.
    7. Because the development of the air cells and cerebrum was immature, the bony tubes of mammals were not as well developed as these of human being.
    8. Because the righ and left air cells are connected with each other in birds, their tubal functions interfere each other.
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  • Treatment of Perennial Nasal Allergy by N-5' and Specific Hyposensitization
    Motoo Takaoka, Takeo Suzuki, Hiromi Takeuchi, Yukisato Kitamura, Hisaa ...
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 145-153
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.145
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Thirty-two patients with perennial nasal allergy were divided into two groups.
    Nineteen patients were treated with N-5' and specific hyposensitization (group A) and thirteen patients were treated only with spectific hyposensitization (group C). After four weeks, subjective improvement in group A was significantly better than in group C and the provoction test in group A was significanly more inhibited than in group C.
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  • Clinical Studies of Penglobe Granules in Acute Otorhinolaryngological Infections in Cnildren
    Toru Minatogawa, Shinya Ashina, Masaru Kishimoto, Hiroya Fujiki, Takeo ...
    1985 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 155-162
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.78.155
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Penglobe Granules, an improved palatable preparation of Bacampicillin for children, was administered to 23 infants and children with otorhino-laryngological infections.
    1) Penglobe Granules were evaluated as effective in 95.7% (22/23) (fairly effective in 10, effective in 12, slightly effective in 0, and not effective in 1).
    2) According to the standard criteria, the efficacy rate was 88% in objective and subjective evaluations.
    3) In all of six febrile cases (fever above 37.5°C), subside the fever in one or two days.
    4) No side effects were observed in any of the patients.
    5) Compliance was also investigated. Twelve of 23 questionnaires were returned. These indicated 100% compliance.
    6) Administration of this drug in combination with a bowel regulating drug is believed to be effective in preventing possible side effects in the lower intestine and occasional rejection because of the slightly bitter taste.
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