The close relationship between the soliton and the algebraic equation is found in the case of the Benjamin-Ono equation. Many interesting formulas are presented concerning the algebra of the zeros of the Laguerre polynomial.
The AKNS equation is reformulated by means of the matrix Riemann problem. The projection operator arising for solving the Riemann problem is connected to the scattering data. By this fact we can completely separate the procedure for solving the problem to the determination of projection operator and to the regular problem consisting only with continuous scattering data. As an application of this we construct the way of potential proliferation.
It is shown that the coupled KdV equation introduced by the present authors is a special case of the four-reduced KP hierarchy which is included in the general theory of τ functions. From the fact it is also shown that the soliton solutions can be derived from those of the KP equation. Moreover, the existence of infinitely many conserved quantities are proved by means of the linear scheme giving the coupled KdV equation.
Self-sustained oscillations of membrane potential in an artificial model membrane, where dioleyl phosphate (DOPH) is infiltrated into pores of a Millipore filter, are investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Spike-like self-oscillations with an extremely long period of about one hour were observed for membranes with large adsorbed amounts of DOPH in the absence of external forces such as electric current and pressure gradient. On the basis of a previously-presented model that DOPH molecules make transitions among three phases composed of oil droplets, spherical micelles and multi- or bilayer leaflets, the occurrence of self-oscillations is explained well by taking account of an accumulation and a release of salt in a pore of the filter.