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Volume 60, Issue 9
Displaying 1-50 of 58 articles from this issue
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Hiroyuki Nagashima1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2797-2799
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSAn experimental study on pacemakers of target patterns in the oscillatory Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction is carried out. It is found that wavelength λ of the pattern is controllable by changing the radius r of the pacemaker and that the obtained relationship between λ and r can be qualitatively explained by a simple equation based on a perturbational approach to the system.View full abstractDownload PDF (588K) -
Toyonori Munakata1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2800-2804
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSStatic and dynamic properties of a nonlinear stochastic model are studied both theoretically and numerically. In addition to a freezing-like collective behavior, we observe, in a strong coupling regime, a new dynamic state (attractor) where the symmetry among oscillators is broken and the system exhibits nonergodic behavior.View full abstractDownload PDF (616K) -
Sasuke Miyazima, Kaneyasu Maruyama, Koichi Okumura1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2805-2807
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe possibility that critical exponents in a continuum percolation might be different from a conventional discrete percolation, which is predicted by Halperin et al., is experimentally proven for bulk conductivity. 2.40±0.10 is obtained for the continuum percolation, as compared to 1.9 for the conventional model.View full abstractDownload PDF (408K) -
Matsushiro Collaboration, Kazuoki Munakata, Tomohiro Tsuchida, Shuji S ...1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2808-2811
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSTime variations of the cosmic ray muon flux observed during the period from January 1987 to April 1990 in the Matsushiro underground muon observatory and the Kamiokande-II detector are compared. A significant correlation between the two observations is found. The observed variations are well explained as a temperature effect in the atmosphere based on precise atmospheric temperature measurements by the Wajima Observatory of the Japan Meteorological Agency.View full abstractDownload PDF (492K) -
Toshiyuki Azuma, Haruo Saito, Yasunori Yamazaki, Ken-ichiro Komaki, Ya ...1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2812-2814
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSPositron lifetime spectra have been measured in C60/C70 and graphite powders at room temperature. It has been found that the spectrum for C60/C70 has only one component of lifetime 393 ps, whereas that for graphite has three components of lifetimes 237 ps, 455 ps, and 88 ns. The single component in C60/C70 does not originate from positronium. Considering its lifetime, the positron’s ground state in C60/C70 is supposed to be localized in the periodic free space of the C60/C70 crystal structure.View full abstractDownload PDF (352K) -
Rikizo Hatakeyama, Naoyuki Sato, Noriyoshi Sato1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2815-2818
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA particle orbit theory yields that traveling waves with cyclotron frequencies give rise to charged particle drifts perpendicular both to the wave propagation and external magnetic field lines. The result is applicable to particle-flux control of magnetized plasmas.View full abstractDownload PDF (520K) -
Tetsuo Matsui1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2819-2822
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSWe present a new representation of electron creation and annihilation operators in terms of two kinds of canonical fermions, each of which describes charge and spin degrees of freedom separately. It offers a solution of the local constraints in slave fermion formalism of strongly correlated electrons.View full abstractDownload PDF (492K) -
Takashi Yanagisawa1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2823-2826
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSOrder-disorder transition of the doped antiferromagnet in two-dimensional space is considered, based on the quantum mechanical nonlinear sigma model. Introducing fermion fields in the nonlinear sigma model, we evaluate the β-function in powers of the hole concentration δ. We show that doped holes greatly reduce the correlation length ξ and lead to a breakdown of the antiferromagnetic long-range order at T=0 if δ>δc, where δc is a critical hole concentration. We obtain three distinct regions characterized by the behavior of the correlation length as a function of temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (452K) -
Satoru Araki, Kiyomi Yasui, Yoshikazu Narumiya1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2827-2830
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSCo/Ag multilayers grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) exhibit giant magnetoresistance (MR). The spins of Co layers are aligned antiferromagnetically, which is the same as in Fe/Cr and Co/Cu. The MR ratio and saturation field showed oscillatory behavior as a function of Ag thickness with a period of about 16 Å. The MR ratio was obtained for [Co(6 Å)–Ag(25 Å)]×70, 16% at room temperature and 38% at 77 K.View full abstractDownload PDF (520K) -
Mitsutaka Fujita, Masahiko Ichimura, Kenji Nakao1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2831-2834
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSWe study the spin and charge textures of the two-dimensional Hubbard model for a wide range of electron filling at the ground state both on a square lattice and on a triangular lattice within a mean field approximation. We complete the overall phase diagram of the single-Q helical spin density wave state, which spreads widely in the electron filling and the Coulomb interaction plane, and discuss the relative stability of the soliton and the vortex lattice states on it. It is shown that the imperfect nesting condition, which is the intrinsic feature of two-dimensional systems, induces a rich variety of self-consistent solutions including collinear and noncollinear spin textures.View full abstractDownload PDF (632K) -
Ryuji Abe, Masakiyo Horioka, Izumi Sakumiya, Tetsuya Makino1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2835-2838
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSDielectric dispersion data obtained for both glycerol-water mixtures and propylene glycol-water mixtures are examined as to whether or not these data can be placed on the scaling curve pointed out by P. K. Dixon, Li. Wu, S. R. Nagel, B. W. Williams and J. P. Carini: Phys. Rev. Lett. 65 (1990) 1108. Instead of w−1 log10 (νpε″⁄Δεν), w−1 log10 (νpε″⁄εp″ν) is plotted against w−1(1+w−1) log10 (ν⁄νp) in the present scaling. In a few cases, the dielectric dispersion data do not fit the scaling curve. It is ascertained, however, that all the data obtained in the present experiment can be placed on the scaling curve if the dielectric dispersions can be well represented by the Williams and Watts description, except for the high-frequency tails.View full abstractDownload PDF (340K) -
Eiji Nakamura, Ping He, Kiyoshi Deguchi1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2839-2842
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe onset temperature Tm and the Vogel-Fulcher temperature T0 were determined for the structural glass Rb1−x[N(H1−yDy)4]x(H1−yDy)2PO4 (x=0.5, y=0∼1.0) by the measurement of the complex dielectric constant. The values of Tm and T0 increase markedly with the deuteration rate y. It is found that the polydispersive nature of the dielectric dispersion becomes appreciable below Tm. The breadth of the relaxation time distribution increases as temperature approaches T0.View full abstractDownload PDF (324K) -
Shin Imada, Takeo Jo1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2843-2846
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe difference in core X-ray photoemission (XPS) between the right and left circularly polarized incident beams, i.e., magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), is discussed for both spin-dominant and orbital-moment-dominant ferromagnets on the basis of an atomic model including multiplet interactions between electrons. As an example of the former, we choose the 2p-core XPS of transition-element systems and give an interpretation to the recent measurement of MCD in 2p XPS for Fe. We next discuss, as an example of the latter, the 3d-core XPS of a rare-earth system with 4f1 configuration, i.e., Ce3+. Core XPS, especially spin-resolved ones, using circularly polarized beams are, furthermore, shown to be a promising method by which to study atomic magnetic states of ferromagnets.View full abstractDownload PDF (628K) -
Chun-Yuan Yang, Atsuko Takamatsu, Yoshimi Tsuchiya1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2847-2850
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSRecovery process of protoplasmic streaming in a Nitella internodal cell has been investigated at various temperatures. It has been found that the protoplasmic streaming, after its cessation by a current stimulus to the cell, begins to occur slowly and more quickly recovers to its original steady flow with larger velocity at higher temperatures. The steady velocity exponentially decreases with increasing inverse temperature, and the recovery time, which is defined as the time required for the protoplasmic streaming to recover to the half-value of its steady velocity, shortens with increasing temperature. It has been shown that the recovery process of protoplasmic streaming is expressed by a function of nondimensional velocity and time scaled by the steady value and the recovery time, respectively. These results have been elucidated on the basis of two motional equations describing the flow dynamics of the protoplasm.View full abstractDownload PDF (476K) -
Yoshiomi Kondoh1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2851-2861
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA thought analysis on numerical schemes for simulation is presented to lead to a new method called ‘Kernel Optimum Nearly-analytical Discretization (KOND) method’ for the construction of numerical schemes. The KOND method is applied to the two types of the hyperbolic and the parabolic equations. Typical numerical results by the KOND method for the hyperbolic equation are shown to clarify high stability and less numerical diffusion of the KOND scheme compared with other conventional schemes. A method for the digital signal processing of the analog signal f(t) with very high frequency components is proposed by using two thought elements of the KOND method.View full abstractDownload PDF (1248K) -
Takeshi Iizuka, Miki Wadati, Tetsu Yajima1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2862-2875
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSInitial value problem of the unstable nonlinear Schrödinger (UNS) equation iux+utt−2|u|2u=0 with boundary condition |u|→1 (x→±∞), is solved by the inverse scattering method. As an application, dark soliton solutions are obtained. Position shift due to a collision of two solitons is shown to be attractive (res. repulsive) when the directions of their velocities are opposite (res. same). It is also shown that the UNS equation has an infinite number of conserved quantities.View full abstractDownload PDF (1201K) -
Mahito Kohmoto1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2876-2880
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA fractal measure is characterized by certain thermodynamic functions, like the set of generalized dimensions. These functions are normally smooth, but we show that these functions have nonanalyticities when countable number of points have a different type of singular measure from the rest of the spectrum. Some examples are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (552K) -
Kazuyosi Ikeda, Takehiko Takano1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2881-2887
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe osmotic pressure is discussed for the one-dimensional multicomponent system (solution) of molecules of species 1, 2, …, i, …, j, …, r having hard cores and infinite-range attractions given by the potentials −2alj⁄L [alj=positive constant, L=length (volume) of the system, L→∞ with specific volume fixed]. The molar fractions c2, c3, …, cr of the solutes (species 2, 3, …, r) and the specific volume and temperature of the solution are assumed to be known. The specific volume of the pure solvent (species 1) kept in contact with the solution through a semipermeable membrane (permitting the passage of the solvent only), and hence the osmotic pressure of the solution, is obtained from the equilibrium condition. The expansion of the osmotic pressure in terms of x[=Σl=2r cl] and z [containing the cl (i=2, 3, …, r)] is obtained to the sixth order, starting from the first order (van’t Hoff’s law).View full abstractDownload PDF (764K) -
Atsushi Mori, Hatsuo Kimura1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2888-2895
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe method of the symmetry breaking potential is applied to discuss the columnar liquid crystalline order in the system of perfectly aligned rigid cylindrical molecules (including discs in the case that the diameter D is larger than the length L). The columnar phase, in which the columns of molecules form a triangular lattice in the plane perpendicular to the aligned orientation, is shown to be more stable than the nematic phase at higher density than η=ηc=0.471 in the 3-rd virial approximation, where η is the packing fraction. The lattice constant d of the structure is given as d=1.36D. The result is independent of the ratio D⁄L because of the assumption of the perfectly parallel alignment of molecules.View full abstractDownload PDF (640K) -
Wei-Guo Jin, Takayoshi Horiguchi, Masanori Wakasugi, Takashi Hasegawa, ...1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2896-2906
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIsotope shifts of 9 transitions from the ground and metastable states in Yb I were measured for 7 stable isotopes with A=168–176 by means of atomic-beam laser spectroscopy. Hyperfine constants A and B of 12 levels for 171Yb and 173Yb were determined. Reliable values of nuclear parameters λ were obtained and changes in mean square nuclear charge radii δ⟨r2⟩ were deduced using both the two-parameter model and the numerical calculation. Deformations for Yb stable isotopes were discussed. Hyperfine constants A and B were analyzed with the effective operator procedure and the single-electron hyperfine parameters of 6s and 6d electrons were derived for the Yb I 4f146s6d configuration. For the 3DJ and 1D2 states of 4f146s6d, J and term dependences of isotope shifts were obtained and the parameters of the crossed-second-order effect were derived to be z6d⁄λ=18(6) MHz/fm2 and g2(6s, 6d)/λ=−1120(60) MHz/fm2.View full abstractDownload PDF (1256K) -
Hidetoshi Suemitsu, Eiji Yoshida, Hiroaki Imanishi1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2907-2913
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe relative cross sections for the production of Cs+, RbCs+ and Rb+ ions through the multiphoton ionization of RbCs are measured in the wavelength range 540–620 nm. It is made clear that (1) Cs+ and RbCs+ ions are produced by the two-photon ionization of RbCs. It is suggested that (2) the peak of the cross section for Cs+ ions at 565 nm corresponds well to the dissociation limit of the ground state 2Σ+ of RbCs+, (3) the thresholds of the cross sections for Cs+ and Rb+ ions at around 597 nm is quite different from the value obtained so far, as the electronic energy Te of an intermediate state 1Π of RbCs, and (4) the super excited states of the RbCs molecules play an important role for the production of Rb+ ions in the wavelength range 579–596 nm and RbCs+ ions in the wavelength region longer than 565 nm.View full abstractDownload PDF (764K) -
T. P. Pandya, L. M. Bali, Pallavi Jha, Anchal Srivastava, R. K. Shukla1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2914-2921
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSElectron trajectories and small signal gains have been evaluated for a FEL with a constant wiggler and strong axial guide field. Two different injections into the wiggler are considered in this paper. The first case is that the electron beam is injected into an ideal helical orbit. In the second case, the electrons are injected parallel to the axial guide field. At the Doppler upshifted wiggler frequency the magnitudes of gain for the two types of injection tend to become identical. At the upshifted Larmor frequency the FEL gain is feasible. In the case of axial injection, small gains at frequencies higher than those obtained with perfect beam injection are also found possible. Effects of space charge, including enhancement in gain are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (748K) -
Hidejiro Tanaka1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2922-2931
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe first-order coherence condition is derived in terms of correlations between different field modes. Fluctuations of the electromagnetic field are shown to play an important role in the concept of coherence. The coherent states are shown to be the only ones which reduce these fluctuations to their minimum value. For the case of a field in which the different field modes are independent, the degree of first-order coherence and the visibility of interference fringes are shown to be specified completely by these fluctuations. Measurements of this visibility yield information on the statistical properties of radiation fields. For squeezed states, this visibility is expressed as a function of squeezed parameters. Moreover, the difference between generalized coherent states becomes manifest in measurements of this visibility.View full abstractDownload PDF (996K) -
Shuichi Kinoshita, Takashi Kushida1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2932-2941
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA Michelson’s interference experiment has been performed using a single-photon counting under the condition that at most one photon is present in the interferometer. A CW mode-locked Ar+ laser has been employed as a light source. It has been found that the dependence of the visibility on the difference in the two arm lengths measured on a single-photon level is the same as that for the multi-photon interference experiment. This dependence and the distribution of the photon detection time measured simultaneously by a time-correlated single-photon counting method have been found to be explained well by assuming that all the photons in the mode-locked laser pulse examined have the same temporal and spectral characteristics. A quantum mechanical analysis of this kind of experiment is also presented.View full abstractDownload PDF (1176K) -
Hajime Nakao1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2942-2950
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSRichardson’s four-thirds law is both analytically and numerically confirmed by applying the effective Hamiltonian method to relative diffusion of a pair of fluid particles subject to convection in steady, incompressible, statistically isotropic turbulent flow with a joint Gaussian distribution for velocity field when the spectrum satisfies Kolmogorov’s similarity law and the scaling law. In addition, the interesting phenomenon that the mean square value of the relative distance of a pair of particles increases faster than the cube of the time of diffusion at the part which connects with the range satisfying this law when the initial distance between them is small enough in comparison with the typical length of the flow is reported. This method is, further, applied to relative diffusion in the turbulent flow with multi-range spectrum. There it is qualitatively tried to reproduce the experimental data of Kellogg (1956). The possibility that two separate ranges, which satisfy Richardson’s law respectively, appear in practical experiment under the adequate conditions is showed, too.View full abstractDownload PDF (828K) -
Tsutomu Sanada1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2951-2959
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe dynamical mechanism producing non-Gaussian (intermittent) turbulence field with a large kurtosis is investigated on the basis of theoretical considerations and from the results of full numerical simulations of three-dimensional inviscid truncated system and Navier-Stokes equation. The simulations show that the nonlinearity plus the viscous dissipation in the Navier-Stokes equation maintain the large kurtosis; the intermittency can be characterized as a dissipative structure produced by a nonequilibrium and nonlinear system. On the other hand, the phase correlation producing the large kurtosis may contribute to the energy transfer. This result indicates that the intermittency and the energy transfer have a complementary relation to each other.View full abstractDownload PDF (1080K) -
Roberto A. Clemente1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2960-2965
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIt is shown that the ratio between ion and electron macroscopic rotational frequencies in rigid rotor profiles, Ωl⁄Ωe, is not a free parameter when global charge neutrality is taken into account. For most applications of interest Ωl⁄Ωe≤−Tl⁄Te and depends on global characteristics of the confined plasma, as number of confined particles per unit length, Tl⁄Te and the diamagnetism. Global charge neutrality is justified on the facts that in weakly coupled plasmas, the electrostatic energy of each species should be much lower than the respective thermal energy on average, and that no experimental evidence of any net charge of the plasma in theta-pinches or field-reversed configurations is reported. Connections of the present results with previous stability studies based on the rigid rotor model are discussed and some comparison with experimental results, supporting the hypothesis of global charge neutrality, are presented.View full abstractDownload PDF (676K) -
Kazunobu Nagasaki, Kimitaka Itoh1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2966-2976
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSDecay process of a magnetic island by adding the magnetic perturbation externally is analyzed. A simple slab model is used and the magnetic island is considered to have a single helicity. The plasma is assumed to be incompressible. The evolution time is affected by the presence of an original magnetic island. In the decay process, a current flows along the separatrix of the magnetic island, and the current layer width depends on the magnetic island width, when the island is relatively wide compared to the current layer. In the presence of a magnetic island, even if the magnetic Reynolds number S increases, the current layer does not become narrower. This leads to the slow evolution of the magnetic island. It is found that the time scale S1τA is required to reach the last equilibrium regardless of the nonlinear terms. This is slower than that of the growth process, S3⁄5τA.View full abstractDownload PDF (1228K) -
M. S. Janaki, B. K. Som, B. Dasgupta, M. R. Gupta1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2977-2984
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA nonlinear evolution equation governing the two dimensional propagation of fast and slow magnetosonic modes in a warm collisional plasma has been derived. This equation is a combination of Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (K-P) equation and the Burgers equation. The two dimensional K-P equation has two types of solitary wave solutions depending on the sign of the coefficients. One type is the usual planar type, the other is the lump solution. Both types of solitary wave solutions decay with time in the weak collisional limit. The two dimensional features of the amplitude and width of the lump or algebraic soliton have been discussed and the decay rates computed numerically. The decay rates depend on plasma beta and on the angle of propagation and the rates are different for the fast and the slow waves. At a certain angle of propagation the decay rates of both the modes are equal in the case of low beta plasma. Because of 2-D effects, the slow mode, although it has a lower collisional decay rate than the fast mode, ceases to exist as a stable solitary wave beyond a certain angle. The faster mode has higher damping rates for higher beta.View full abstractDownload PDF (928K) -
H. Torres-Silva, P. H. Sakanaka1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2985-2995
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe energy loss method has been applied to a large variety of transport problems in optics, solid state and fusion research. Usually, the transport equations are linearized, so they cannot deal with the multiphoton interaction in the presence of an intense laser field. In particular, not much attention has been given to collective contribution to the rates of the energy loss, stopping power and inverse Bremsstrahlung process from a quantum mechanical viewpoint. On the basis of the center of mass approach, we show the proper way to calculate the collective part of these rates. We report, for the first time in literature, some numerical calculations of these processes at resonant region for large values of the fast particle speed as compared to the electron thermal velocity (vl⁄vt>>1).View full abstractDownload PDF (1044K) -
Akihiro Kajita, Masahiro Kimura, Shunsuke Ohtani, Hiroyuki Tawara, Yah ...1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 2996-3003
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSCollective motions and anharmonic oscillations induced by a mixture of two ion species with different masses in a rf ion trap are reported. The absorption spectra of the probing rf power by the resonant oscillations of ion clouds have been observed for several ion species with various mixing ratios. It is shown that significant nonlinear effects manifest themselves strongly when the mass difference is in a certain range. One of such nonlinear effects, the first observation of significant hysteresis in the absorption spectrum of the probing rf field, is understood to be due to the anharmonic force term of the third order induced by the interactions of two ion clouds. The term has been estimated by fitting the observed absorption profile to the approximate solution of Duffing’s equation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1012K) -
Mitsuhiro Nambu, Tohru Hada, S. N. Sarma, S. Bujarbarua1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3004-3014
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSA new enhanced radiation process from plasma turbulence (plasma-maser) is interpreted as “dissipative structure” in plasma turbulence. The plasma-maser process is effective in an open plasma system where some of the input energy is dissipated as anomalous radiation. The validity of the linear response theory which neglects the ensemble averaged second order electric field is given under the random phase approximation. The ordinary mode growth rate in the presence of the enhanced stationary Langmuir turbulence is obtained and the results have potential importance to clarify the mechanism of the anomalous radiation in plasma astrophysics.View full abstractDownload PDF (1128K) -
Shigehiko Nonaka1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3015-3024
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSFundamental characteristic features of the maintenance electric fields for radio frequency (RF) discharges between a pair of planar electrodes were disclosed theoretically by solving a quasistatic linear Laplace equation in a stationary state. The phase and amplitude properties for the fields in plasma and dielectrics (or sheaths in equivalence) were represented in several universal forms. The plasma was assumed to be uniformly produced between electrodes. The present theory is based on an unique interpretation for the RF plasma production that arises from a geometrical resonance of electron plasma oscillation. The theory may be applicable for wide ranges of gas pressures and RF frequencies.View full abstractDownload PDF (1116K) -
Masanori Inui, Shin’ichi Takeda, Yoshiyuki Shirakawa, Shigeru Ta ...1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3025-3031
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe Structure factors of molten AgCl, AgBr and AgI have been obtained by neutron scattering measurements at two different temperatures in order to investigate the local structure and its temperature dependence. The partial structural parameters such as a partial coordination number and an inter ionic distance have been determined by curve fitting analysis. Molten silver halides are found to have tetrahedral coordination of the local order near the melting points. The local order for molten AgCl and AgBr is broken with increasing temperature, while that for molten AgI is preserved even at high temperature. This suggests that the bonding in molten AgI has more covalent character than that in molten AgCl and AgBr.View full abstractDownload PDF (676K) -
Kenji Maruyama, Yukinobu Kawakita, Makoto Yao, Hirohisa Endo, Masakats ...1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3032-3044
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe structure of liquid (l-) selenium-halogen mixtures has been studied by both EXAFS and neutron scattering measurements. The concentration variation of the coordination numbers of Se and halogen atoms around the central Se atom were determined. It was found that all Cl atoms in l-Se1−xClx act as chain terminators. The rapid contraction of Se–Se and Se–Cl bonds was observed when the Cl concentration approached 0.5. For l-Se1−xIx, I atoms are not always incorporated into the chain molecules, and the excess I atoms form I2 molecules. The intermolecular orientational correlation for l-Se0.5Cl0.5 and l-Se0.5Br0.5 will be discussed utilizing the results of the neutron scattering experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (1348K) -
Meng H. Kuok, Lai H. Lee, Yoshihiro Ishibashi1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3045-3048
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSRaman scattering measurements of K2Ba(NO2)4 at low temperatures have been carried out. No soft mode related to the low-temperature transition was observed, implying that the transition is quite likely of the order-disorder type. It is found that the full width at half-maximum of the lowest-lying mode in the (YY) polarization has a linear temperature dependence.View full abstractDownload PDF (336K) -
Shugo Suzuki1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3049-3058
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSVarious properties are investigated in the ground state of the system which consists of localized states with local electron-phonon interactions in a degenerate electron gas. The phase diagram for the occupation number of the localized state is presented as a function of relevant physical parameters. It is shown that the occupation number increases abruptly as the Fermi energy exceeds certain thresholds under the assumption of strong interaction between electrons and local phonons. The effects of interaction between two localized states are also examined. It is found that the negative-U interaction due to localized electrons is suppressed by the transfer interaction between two localized states.View full abstractDownload PDF (972K) -
Kazuo Soda, Tamiko Mori, Yoshichika \={O}nuki, Takemi Komatsubara, Shi ...1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3059-3066
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe photoelectron spectra of U–Ge compounds, UGe2, U3Ge4 and U5Ge3, have been measured at room temperature for excitation photon energies from 32 to 120 eV using synchrotron radiation. The spectral distributions of the state density of the U 5f electron and those of electrons in the states other than the U 5f states are obtained by means of resonant photoemission. The observed profiles of the U 5f photoelectron spectra resemble each other. They have sharp Fermi edges and the emission intensity decreases monotonically toward higher binding energy. The excitation spectra for the 5d-5f resonant photoemission have two peaks. One occurring at a lower excitation energy with a weaker intensity corresponds to prethreshold lines found in the case of the 4d-4f resonance excitation spectra of lanthanide compounds.View full abstractDownload PDF (1020K) -
Atsushi Ikawa, Hideo Fukutome1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3067-3071
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSWe calculate ESR g-tensors of paramagnetic defects in a Se chain, n- and p-type polarons (2P− and 2P+), neutral radical chain end (2C10) as well as radicals of small Se molecules, with an INDO type semi-empirical model and the single excitation configuration interaction approximation. Based on the calculations, we examine and revise our previous interpretation for the photo-induced phenomena observed in Se chains enclosed in mordenite channels.View full abstractDownload PDF (516K) -
Tetsufumi Tanamoto, Kazuhiro Kuboki, Hidetoshi Fukuyama1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3072-3092
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe dynamical spin susceptibility χ(q, ω), of the t-J model in two-dimensional square lattice have been studied based on the mean field approximation to the slave-boson formalism. The static spin susceptibility, χ(q, 0), and Im χ(q, ω) at various energy, ω, have been calculated. We found; 1) χ(0, 0) has only weak temperature dependence 2) T1T∝(T+θ) for T\gtrsim0.1J with θ linearly dependent on the doping rate, δ 3) T1T has a minimum at T=(0.1∼0.2)J 4) Im χ(q, ω) at q=Q≡(π, π) has a gap like structure as a function of ω if the temperature is low. All these are consistent with experimental results.View full abstractDownload PDF (2596K) -
Eiichi Yamaguchi, Kenji Shiraishi, Takahisa Ohno1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3093-3107
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe atomistic nature of the deep donor levels referred to as DX centers in GaAs, AlxGa1−xAs alloys and AlAs/GaAs superlattices is investigated by applying the ab initio self-consistent pseudopotential method to 64-atom super cells. The total energy and force calculations reveal that the most stable state is the Td-distorted atomic around a substitutional donor with the neighbouring bond relaxation given by the effective ionic radius (0.7% for SiGa). On the contrary, a negatively charged donor with broken-bond configuration is shown to give a metastable state and not the ground state even under high hydrostatic pressures. It is found that a deep A1 level attributable to the DX center is induced by a simple substitutional donor with the obtained optimal lattice configuration. The theory successfully explains experimental results on the thermal and optical ionization energies for the DX centers.View full abstractDownload PDF (2004K) -
Yoshimasa Isawa, Tsuyoshi Hatano1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3108-3119
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe Wigner function is exactly solved and calculated for an idealized one-dimensional ballistic channel in which the right and the left electrodes are replaced by appropriate boundary conditions and the scattering potential by a delta function, and any scattering mechanisms in leads are absent. The local electron density and the current are evaluated numerically based on this solution. We find the oscillation of the electron density around the scattering potential closely related to the Friedel oscillation, and the quantization of two terminal conductance independent of the transmission coefficient of the electron wave. We ascribe this quantization to the strong correlation between two reservoirs through the channel.View full abstractDownload PDF (1204K) -
Yoshiyuki Ono, Makoto Kuwabara, Akira Terai1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3120-3129
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIn numerical simulations on a moving charged soliton in polyacetylene, the behavior of the total, electric, lattice potential and lattice Kinetic energies are analyzed. In order to induce physically natural motion, the soliton is accelerated by a uniform electronic field as in the previous papers of this series. During the acceleration the electronic energy shows an almost monotone decrease while the lattice potential energy increases in an almost monotone way. These two energies have also an oscillating component which is related to the previously reported oscillation of the soliton width. On the contrary the total and the lattice kinetic energies show no oscillation. The relation between the total energy εtot and the soliton velocity υ is well fitted to a functional form εtot(υ)=εtot(0)−(Msυm2⁄2) ln (1−υ2⁄υm2) where υm is the saturation velocity of about three times the sound velocity and Ms the soliton effective mass of four to five times the bare electron mass.View full abstractDownload PDF (1120K) -
Yositake Takane, Hiromichi Ebisawa1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3130-3138
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSConductance fluctuations and oscillations with applied magnetic field in small normal and superconductor composite wire systems are studied theoretically. It is shown that the phase memory of a normal electron vanishes in a superconductor when its length is much longer than ξ. Superconductors, however, greatly affect transport properties through the Andreev reflection. For example, the conductance of a NSN ring oscillates as the function of applied magnetic field with period hc⁄2e, not hc⁄e.View full abstractDownload PDF (988K) -
L. Luo, N. Sahoo, G. A. Smith, W. M. Gibson, T. P. Das1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3139-3144
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe self-consistent field Hartree-Fock cluster procedure applied to B and Al adsorbed on Si(111) surface shows a greater binding energy for the B atom when it is located in the five-fold coordinated B5 site as compared to the four-fold T4 site. This is in contrast to Al which prefers the T4 site. The result demonstrates strong theoretical support for recent conclusions from measurements of the B/Si(111) surface by a number of different experimental techniques including the results of our ion channeling measurements presented.View full abstractDownload PDF (692K) -
Mitsuo Kasaya, Tomofune Tani, Katsuyuki Kawate, Toshio Mizushima, Yosi ...1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3145-3149
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSSpecific heat measurements revealed that YbNiSn is a dense Kondo compound with a large electronic specific heat coefficient γ of 300 mJ/mol K2. This compound orders magnetically at 5.5 K, below which the ferromagnetic moment appears along the c-axis. The magnetization along the a-axis vs external magnetic field H curve shows three anomalies at HC1, HC2 and HC3, whereas the magnetization along the b-axis increases gradually from zero without anomalies. These results suggest that YbNiSn is the weak ferromagnet with the ferromagnetic moment along the c-axis, which is caused by the canting of antiferromagnetic sublattice within the ac-plane. The magnetic field dependences of the electrical resistivity of YbNiSn are strongly correlated with the magnetizations.View full abstractDownload PDF (572K) -
Izuru Umehara, Nobuyuki Nagai, Yoshichika \={O}nuki1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3150-3153
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSWe have measured the de Haas-van Alphen effect in PrIn3. The Fermi surface of PrIn3 is almost the same as that of the non-f reference material, LaIn3. The cyclotron masses of PrIn3 are in the range of 0.3m0 to 1m0, which are twice larger than those of LaIn3.View full abstractDownload PDF (284K) -
Manabu Takahashi, Junjiro Kanamori1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3154-3161
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe ground state of a model simulating a compound NiX with X representing p-valence atom such as O and S is investigated by calculating rigorously the wave function for a linear cluster. The change from the state corresponding to the insulating phase with well developed magnetic moment of Ni to the state which may correspond to the metallic phase is investigated by decreasing the charge transfer energy of between Ni and X. It is found that in the state adjacent to the insulating state the spin correlation between neighboring Ni atoms decreases drastically, while the magnitude of the magnetic moment of each Ni atom remains large. It is found also that the photoemission spectra do not change appreciably across the transition. The implication of these results is discussed in connection to the observed insulator-metal transition in NiS and also to a similar calculation for CuX.View full abstractDownload PDF (900K) -
Toshihisa Yamaguchi, Shozo Sawada1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3162-3166
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: May 29, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIt was found that Rb2ZnBr4 and Rb2CoBr4 crystals exhibit ferroelectricity along the pseudo-hexagonal c-axis in the phases below the second Curie point 78 K and 62 K, respectively. The temperature dependence of the spontaneous polarization in the a-direction, PaF, the antiferroelectric polarization in the b-direction, PbAF, and the spontaneous polarization in the c-direction, PcF, of these single crystals was measured by means of a pyroelectric method down to 4 K. The temperature dependence of the dielectric constants along the three crystallographic axes was reexamined between 4 and 360 K. Small peak anomalies around 10 K and 56 K for Rb2ZnBr4 and around 17 K for Rb2CoBr4 were observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (488K) -
Eiji Hashimoto, Takao Kino1991 Volume 60 Issue 9 Pages 3167-3171
Published: September 15, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2007
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSDoppler-broadening lineshapes of positron annihilation in high purity aluminum have been measured as a function of temperature between 4.2 and 275 K after deformation and recovery at room temperature. The effective trapping rate exhibits a strongly negative dependence on temperature below 200 K in material of 99.9999% purity, but only below 70 K in 99.999% purity. The results can be explained with a model where positrons become trapped in deep traps (e.g., jogs) via shallow traps (dislocation lines) from which thermal detrapping can occur. The temperature dependence of the effective trapping rate found in material of 99.999% purity is attributed to the temperature dependence of the specific trapping rate to the dislocation line.View full abstractDownload PDF (592K)