In the Lake Biwa watershed as one of marginal regions of metropolitan area, the land-use transformation and the deterioration of water quality resulted mostly from the implementation of rapid urbanization in addition to a variety of regional developments plans such as Lake Biwa Comprehensive Development Plan (LBCDP, 1972-1997). During the last phase of the LBCDP, the government of Shiga Prefecture began to consider to ensure the comprehensive conservation of the lake for future generations. Therefore the "Lake Biwa Comprehensive Conservation Plan (LBCCP, Mother Lake 21 Plan)" was started in March 2000. The LBCCP aims at turning Lake Biwa into a model for lake conservation in the 21st century by pursuing conservation in the 21st century by pursuing a broad spectrum of activities to maintain water quality and to preserve the natural environment and scenic landscape. The purpose of this study is to introduce our challenges to environmental conservation at river-basin level in LBCCP.

The new city Bufalotta is now developing in the outskirts of the northern area in Roma. In the old age, this Bufalotta was one of the Roman village, but now this vast spot is under the wasteland. The ring expressway (GRA) and access road is located near this Bufalotta. This Bufalotta development plan was approved by the Municipal Assembly and authorized by the City planning Committee in the Municipal of Roma. The total construction of this Bufalotta will be pushed forward with the related company of Lamaro. The concept of the development is realize the modern city of favorable environment. Total expense is estimated 3000billion Lira.

The Purpose of this paper is to understand the Redevelopment Plan, Design Standards and Design Guidelines for Mission Bay Area, that were coordinated by the Redevelopment Agency until 1998. In this case study we can find the possibility of negotiation with the Planning Committee, the Developer, the Citizens Advisory Committee in the big project of the central area.<BR>City and County of San Francisco has prepared the Planning Code and the Redevelopment Plan for Mission Bay. They show resolutions of the Planning Committee about the Mission Bay Project on their web site. Urban design standards of Mission Bay Area are characterized by the bulk control depended on building's heights.

In the history of downtown planning in U.S. cities since 1943, quality of urban space was most considered important in the 1980s when major cities made their long-range comprehensive downtown plans. Though the backgrounds, contents and issues of the selected plans have been introduced, the plan making processes have not been studied in detail. The purpose of the case studies reported here was to understand the downtown plan making processes in four U.S. cities (Cleveland, Denver, Portland and Seattle) and to examine the characteristics of the applied planning methods. The reporter concludes that a downtown plan making process differs from one city to another in which various planning methods were applied including consultation methods such as graphic facilitation, preparing alternative plans and evaluating them as well as outreach methods such as distributing newsletters, holding workshops, meetings and forums, opening a studio and using sketches, a slide show and a model.

Although prefecture governments consider that long-term comprehensive plans are the most important among all their plans and policies, most of the prefectures do not synchronize timing of plan making with that of governor elections, nor show the plans at the top page of their homepages during the whole plan period. In order to make a practical plan, future vision and target should be more realistic, necessity of each content of the plan must be reviewed, target customers of the plan are carefully identified, and governors must clearly make more commitments to the plan making and implementation.

A questionnaire survey regarding population projection and population decrease with target of local governments in Kanto Region reveals that two thirds of local governments still hope population increase, although the peak of population is approaching at the corner. Most of them project future target population in a bullish manner. However, only one sixth of local governments consider that their target population can be obtained. Also, most of the local governments are aware that population will decrease before long. These results show that local government officers are perplexed with large gaps of official statement vs. personal opinion, and ideal situation vs. the reality with respect of population.

We select Kita-ku of Tokyo Metropolis as a study area. After the study area is divided into 170 neighborhood disaster organizations, the information on the disaster drills and trainings and the urban areas are collected in the unit of neighborhood disaster organization. Then, we extract the general characteristics of the disaster drills and trainings and the urban areas by analyzing the collected information. After analyzing neighborhood disaster organizations from two viewpoints, the degree of activation of disaster drills and trainings and the characteristic of urban areas, by using quantification theory, we investigate the relation between the degree of activation of disaster drills and trainings and the characteristic of urban areas. Finally, based on this result, we propose the plans for training and activating neighborhood disaster organizations based on characteristics of urban areas.

It is widely known that the Tsukishima District in Tokyo's Chuo-ward is the low-rise and high-densely built-up area in which a number of alleys still remain. Recently, many buildings facing the alleys have been deteriorated because they were not rebuilt under the Facing Road Regulation, the Setback Regulation from Road Width and other general building regulations. This paper aims to discuss the rebuilding institution making good use of alleys in the Tsukishima District, based on the Streetscape Promoting District Planning and the District Planning with Different FAR by Use together with the Confirming System of the Group Buildings Divided into the Sections.

The "Environmental Partnership Activity support WebGIS" which promotes environmental partnership activity in a school district unit was built. When the member and student of an environmental partnership organization participated in a workshop using this WebGIS, the member taught the student local information and the effect of collaboration study that a student offers IT support to a member appeared. Based on this, the workshop technique utilized simultaneously proposed the state of IT support for . which showed clearly that it is effective for environmental partnership activity promotion in a school district unit, and environmental partnership activity promotion, and structure combining the analog map and the digital map.

This report is a Study on the Support Organizations for Citizen's Activities for the Community Development, from the Case of Public Corporations for Community Design and Urban Renewal, in Tokyo.In conclusion, that there are two types of community design and urban renewal public corporations became clear.About one group, it became clear that the contents of the support aren't enough, and the dependence on the administration is strong. The other, there is strong concerning with administration, but it is doing a personal match.

The large portion of Ko-Hoku New Town has been developed through land readjustment projects by Japan Housing Corporation ( now Japan Urban Development Corporation), that cover the area of 1,316 hectare and was planned for two hundred twenty thousands people. During the period of twenty two years from the first authorization of its development plan in 1974 through its land disposition in 1996, its development plan has been modified nine times. This paper divides the entire development process into three stages and analyzes development plans, infrastructure development programs, and land development program, as well as behaviors of the stakeholders: the Corporation, Yokohama City Government, and local landowners at each stage, to show the primary factors influencing the process.

Tama Newtown, one of the largest New Residential-Block Construction Projects in Japan, began to be developed by Tokyo Metropolitan Government and other entities in 1965. At the beginning, the entire area was planned to be developed through new residential-block construction projects. However, later because of opposition from local land owners, parts of the area totaling 665.5 ha, turned to be land readjustment projects. This paper focuses on these districts and examines the behaviors of land owners, developers and local governments to reveal factors and modification process of development methods. It also analyzes the characteristics of these districts at the pre-development and the post-development stage.

Land use changes at soil-and-sand mining reclamation sites in the Osaka Bay Area was analyzed across time and geographical scales. Changes of urban land use or waste land were inferred from topographical maps. It was found that change depends chiefly on distance from densely inhabited district (DID)(a location characteristic) rather than socioeconomic background. Regulation systems about soil-and-sand mining site haven't yet been established. These results suggest that extensive planning in anticipation of the future use of the area is indispensable to large-scale development projects like soil-and-sand mining.

In the 21st century, We face to a fall of population and matured society in the urban area. So we will need the way of thinking about selfgovernment community.When we consider about this situation, we need the social planning including the physical planning in the community in order to clear the each community's goal, particapant and method of neighborhood. This paper aims at thinking carefully of the potencial of the program that share the neighborhood's goal toward the self-government community from the point of community location and relationship with the other particapants. For the pourse, this paper studies the Monitoring Indicators in the Seattle City and Bench Marks System in the Multnomah County, which investigates from the point of the flow for the sharing some community goals, the strategy for the practice of them and the tackling for the continued activity for them.

The purpose of this study is to develop the planning support system for earthquake damage mitigation, based on GIS for municipalities. We show the outline of our system in this paper: the meanings of this system from the viewpoint of municipality, the effect in the process of planning of the district improvement plan and activity for disaster mitigation, and the sub-system of this system and their functions.

We introduce a planning project for the earthquake damage assessment and disaster mitigation and response planning in Ichikawa City, Chiba Prefecture. The purpose of the project is to describe detail plans and to develop a planning support system including the damage assessment system. The features of this project are that workshop whose participants are officers of the municipality and lifeline participating companies, which is, in the previous project which done from 1992 to 1997, evaluated to be effective to promote them understanding characteristics of city from the viewpoint of disaster mitigation

The first purpose of this paper is to report the relation of the Voynet Act the orientation Act for the maintenance and the sustainable development, the Chevenement Act the Act for simplification and strengthening of the municipal-union cooperation and the SRU Act the Urban Solidarity and Renewal Act. These acts were established recently in France, which were influenced by the concept of the Sustainable Divelopment in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. The second purpose is to report of the city planning documents of SRU Act. These documents are the SCOT (Territorial Consistency Plan), the PLU (Local City Plan) and the Carte Communale (Municipal Map). SRU Act is connected to the Voynet Act and the Chevenement Act to practice the urban policy. These city planning documents are territorial plans with the municipal initiative.

This paper deals with the development plan,the ward plan,and the district plan in Yokohama,and attempts to clarify the development plan and actual situation. So this study focuses on the development plan which has been already made and has promoted the local community building activity in Yokohama. The analysis starts from clarifying the system of making the development plan in Yokohama,and followed development plan and acual situation. From the analysis,it showed that it was necessary to unify the development plan as a plan and as a tool,to support the promoting organizations in the local community building activity in Yokohama,and to expand the supporting system of the development plan in Yokohama.