The purpose of this study is to clarify current state and issues concerning revitalization of agriculture since nuclear disaster in Fukushima. It clarifies that (1) agricultural damage in 59 municipalities in Fukushima has not been resolved even 10 years after the accident, (2) many issues concerning revitalization of agriculture remain in 12 municipalities affected by nuclear disaster particularly, and (3) new efforts for concerning revitalization of agriculture are being promoted. This study points out that it is important to provide support based on the actual conditions of the municipalities and to take new measures to eliminate harmful rumors.

In this study, we will analyze the revitalization situation in the municipalities that formulated the location optimization plans in Fukushima, which was the most damaged by the Typhoon of Eastern Japan in 2019, and obtained basic findings about the future planning for revitalization. This study clarifies that (1) river restoration and other soft disaster prevention measures are being implemented in many municipalities, (2) urban development projects and building regulations are not being implemented in most municipalities, and (3) disaster prevention guidelines are under consideration in all municipalities. Based on these findings, it points out that it is important for the municipalities and residents to collaborate in finding various solutions to disaster prevention and mitigation according to the characteristics of the municipalities.

Interest in environmental and landscape conservation increased in Japan, during and after the period of rapid economic growth, and citizen movements for bottom-up policies based on the consensus building of local residents have developed in various regions. The importance of everyday landscapes, coined as "living townscapes," is increasingly recognized, but the question as to what kind of consensus-building process has led to the preservation of these landscapes, remain unanswered. This paper carried out two case studies in Matsue City, Shimane Prefecture, Japan to understand the public process to legally designate townscape conservation areas. In addition, this paper discusses the keys in consensus building for local townscape conservation.

As diversity is rapidly increasing in many urban cities worldwide due to immigration and economic structural changes, planners and policymakers face challenges in ensuring they remain inclusive and thriving. This article examines transforming conditions in such diverse neighborhoods through a case study from Greektown, Baltimore City, Maryland, in the United States. The field research conducted in Greektown revealed the diversities within the conventionally categorized groups based on race and socioeconomic status. Multiple generations within immigrant groups, racial and sexual minorities in young gentrifiers, and various economic positions in all groups present differing views and attitudes concerning the diverse conditions in the neighborhood. At the same time, each group maintains tight relationships based on culture, lifestyles, and political/social ideologies. The diversities within a group and between groups need to be noted in planning diverse and inclusive neighborhoods.

This research report six municipalities (Kanazawa, Hirosaki, Fukui, Onomichi, Nagato, and Kamiyama) that have succeeded in mitigating the damage of population decline by keeping the net migration loss as little as possible. These six municipalities vary in their population and their policy to counteract the population decline differ. In some municipalities, non-governmental sector plays more important role than municipal government. In the era of population decline, it is nearly impossible to gain its population by natural birth, however, it is possible to mitigate the population decline by reducing net migration loss or to have net migration gain as verified through these case studies.

This study aims to clarify the actual state of children's participation in "Children's City" and to consider how it is realized. We conducted a questionnaire survey for organizations holding "Children's City" in Japan to understand their efforts towards children's participation, and observed children who participated Mini-Ichikawa to clarify the process of children's participation through working. We understood that in order to promote children’s participation, the host organizations of "Children's City" make various efforts such as involving children in preparation and limiting the involvement of adults. We also understood that the following points are important in the process of children's participation: 1) Children have a sense of purpose and problem awareness. 2) Children understand the mechanisms and methods for achieving their goals and solving problems. 3) Children can feel the impact of their actions in the community.

The town planning in Japan shifts from the development-centered times led by government to the regional management-centered times led by regional, and aims at area regeneration. Above all, importance is public-private cooperation, and the system of Urban renewal corporations was established in 2007. It is paid a lot of attention as new leader of town planning. However, the present realities of the area management by it is not clear. Therefore, I clarify the realities of the area management by it from the viewpoint of the use actual situation of various systems and corporation administration in this study.

In recent years, in parks, which should be a space that everyone can enjoy, the number of prohibited matters has increased and children has become unable to play freely. One of the reason is to minimize the incidence of injuries in the park. Park manager assume they would get complaints when someone get injured in the park. However, it is known that children can develop their ability to predict and avoid danger by playing in the environment with some risks. This paper points out whether playing with some risks is accepted by children and parents through a social experiment of Play Park conducted in a park, and verify the validity of hazard removal.

The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that the colors of advertisements in front of private railway stations tend to vary along railway lines, and that they are also affected by station characteristics such as the year of opening and the number of passengers. To this end, for Keio Sagamihara, Tobu Tojo and Odakyu Tama Lines, the relationship between colors and station characteristics was studied using discriminant analysis and clustering. The results show that the colors differed greatly according to the distance from the center of Tokyo, not along the railway line, and also according to whether the station was on the side of the center of Tokyo from the terminal station or the suburbs side.

The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of urban plantations on pedestrians’ impression of the surrounding pedestrian walkway, using a method based on Caption Evaluation Method. The results of analysis are as follows 1) It is rational to categorize urban plantation into two groups; organized greenery and un-organized greenery. Under latter situation, the feedback comments distinctively consisted of negative reactions. 2) Plantations that acquired negative impressions consisted of characteristics such as high in dense, not enough brightness in the evening and etc. 3) Plantations that acquired positive impressions consisted of characteristics such as being able to feel moderate sunlight or breeze.

This study pointed out the management and the actual usage of the square in front of city hall for ordinance-designated cities and hub cities. It was pointed out following five points about the management. The first is the square in front of city hall is one means for extension of citizens’ use. The second is usage permission criteria of Profit activities in the square in front of city hall. The third is Management and operation system of the square in front of city hall. The fourth is how to deal with cancellation of using the square in front of city hall. The fifth is how to deal with troubles in the square in front of city hall. It was pointed out following three points about the actual usage. The first is usage permission criteria of Profit activities brings to the actual usage. The second is a merit is user groups use the square in front of city hall. The third is difficult point of the square in front of city hall.

This study examined the effect of participation in community association on subjective well-being (SWB) among older adults. Looking through three associations in Fujimi-dai area in Kunitachi-shi, we found followings. 1. Taking part in neighborhood association has relation with SWB of the elderly in several ways. 2. Six indicators associated with neighborhood association have relations with the SWB of the elderly. 3. Elderly adults who engage in neighborhood association can find three types of meaning in the activity: the meaning led by the interaction with others, the meaning of self-fulfillment like improving one’s skills or finding fun in activities, and the meaning led by the change of everyday life; that may give impact on the SWB.

In this study, the method of evaluating the social benefits of public transportation was examined considering generational differences, using the public transportation plan of Tomiya City as an example. The benefits of public transport users were evaluated by dividing them into two groups: a group that emphasizes time resistance assuming commuters and a group that emphasizes mobility resistance assuming the elderly. As a result, there are differences in evaluation depending on the viewpoint of each group, and it becomes possible to extract issues according to the viewpoint of each group. The importance of considering generational differences in the evaluation was shown. Since this evaluation method can measure social benefits using a free GIS system on the Web and general-purpose spreadsheet software, it is expected to be used by local governments with a small financial scale.

The location of commercial facilities around New Town has changed significantly in Senboku New Town. In this study, we will clarify the changes in the facilities around New Town and clarify the future of neighborhood centers based on the actual use of neighborhood centers. As a result of the survey on the change of facilities, it was found that supermarkets are shifting from the neighborhood center to outside of the neighborhood center, especially within a 500-meter radius adjacent to the New Town. In addition, it was found that facilities used on a daily basis tend to remain in the neighborhood center. It was also found that the composition of stores has been changing in accordance with the aging of the population and other changes in the neighborhood. In addition, a survey of the actual use of neighborhood centers showed that the percentage of people passing through the neighborhood center with many vacant stores was high. Based on these findings, we believe that the future of neighborhood centers is to take advantage of their familiar location and ease of use to function as a workspace and community core.

In this study, we will explore the factors for continuing Area Management activities around Minamiosawa Station and the direction of future activities. Suburban cities such as Minamiosawa are susceptible to social issues and changes in peripheral functions, so it is necessary to carry out sustainable Area Management activities that can respond to changes. Minamiosawa is an area where trends are drawing attention, such as the formulation of future town development policies and the selection of smart city advance implementation areas. As a result, as continuation factors, cooperation with external organizations, environment where pedestrian decks can be used, inheritance of purpose within members, utilization of members' resources, appointment to the secretariat of companies that emphasize regional cooperation and transfer work Ingenuity and enthusiasm of the central figure can be considered. Future directions include rebuilding relationships with other organizations to meet a wide range of regional needs, securing financial resources and developing human resources to expand the range of activities.

From December 2020 to February 2021, during the COVID-19 Pandemic, a survey of urban parks and greenways users at 6 locations (a shrine, a small park, 2 neighborhood parks, and 2 greenways) in Kohoku New Town, Yokohama was conducted. The analysis of the data for 4,610 users revealed the following. 53.6% of the users are engaged in mobile activities such as walking or running, and most of them were adults or elderly people. The Shrine and the small park have few users in the morning, but many elderly people and children are spending time with their friends in the afternoon. 20.2% of users of various ages use the grounds in the neighborhood park for group activities such as sports and traditional events. The nature-rich neighborhood park and greenways are used mostly by adults and the elderly, with more than 60% of weekday users using them alone.

The East-Mikawa region of Aichi Prefecture is a thriving agricultural area, and is one of the leading agricultural regions in Japan. In this study, we took a case study of a store called "Toyoichi" located in front of Toyohashi Station and conducted a questionnaire survey on users' awareness of Toyoichi's products, East-Mikawa's agriculture and food, and Toyoichi's ability to transmit local agriculture and food. As a result, it was found that many people have positive attitudes toward the agriculture and food of East-Mikawa, such as "proud" and "want to cherish". On the other hand, only a few people have gained knowledge about the agriculture and food of East-Mikawa from Toyoichi's products, indicating that there is room for improvement in terms of Toyoichi's ability to communicate.

In this study, we analyzed the relationship between track-based public transportation and surrounding land use. The analytical targets are Keio Line and Keio Sagamihara Line. We calculated characteristic values for each station using data on the number of users, surrounding population, accessibility evaluation of the road network, and the area of inhabitable land at 16 linked stations for the period including the period of undergrounding Chofu Station. The results obtained from the perspective of the relationship between transportation and land use can be summarized as follows: 1) The number of users is increasing at stations where development is progressing in areas that are frequently accessed by foot around the station, 2) There are mechanisms by which the sociodemographic characteristics of a particular region can be influenced by factors either in the region itself or in relation to the surrounding region, and 3) development in areas far from stations is unlikely to contribute to an increase in the number of users.

Half a century has passed since Planungszelle was invented, and in recent years, expectations have been rising for PZ as a citizen-participatory solution. Current status and evaluation of PZ were conducted in Germany through an interview survey with Professor H.J. Lietzmann of the "Institute for Democracy and Participation" (Institut für Demokratie-und Partizipationsforschung:IDPF) of the University of Wuppertal, which has many PZ achievements. As a result of the interview many findings could be obtained, like his own PZ theory, democracy philosophy, practical know-how, and challenges in the corona pandemic, which can not gained by literature and rinternet research.

The pandemic of COVID-19 has driven various changes in urban areas. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey to expatriates of JICA in order to realize the impact on the urban area from the perspective of residents. As a result, some changes regarding lifestyles, behaviors of citizens, and government policy were found. Moreover, it was proposed that the pandemic made the conventional issues more serious, and caused urban issues which had not been recognized. From the aspect of international cooperation, while the traditional approaches were found to be effective, the need to address new issues was suggested.

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the store The purpose of this paper is to clarify the store composition and attitudes toward community development in the shopping street in the Toyohashi city center, using a cross-section analysis and questionnaire survey. We found that there is a mix of old and new stores in the shopping streets. Although many store owners have a good impression of and attachment to the shopping street regardless of when it opened, new store owners feel that they have no place in the shopping street compared to old store owners, and although they are highly interested in community development activities, they have not been able to participate in them.

I checked the state of the road classifications of residential streets using the master plan and a road maintenance and improvement policy for the 23 wards of Tokyo. The results showed that all wards consider road improvement as a priority, and that in some wards and areas, road classifications have not been created according to the need for road maintenance improvement. Even if the roads are continuous across wards, the existing road classifications differ according to the approaches of each ward, which constitutes a major issue. To establish various roads that can function as a “place of living” (Woonerf) and promote their utilization, the existing road classifications of road maintenance and improvement by each ward are inadequate. It is necessary to focus on the function and usage of roads, and to create a unified nationwide classification of roads, to enable them to function as a “place of living”.

It has been announced that the demographic of Tokyo has been changed due to spread of COVID-19. However, it is unclear which demographic factors (birth, death, moving-in and moving-out) COVID-19 influences. Therefore, we conducted a basic study of Tokyo for the purpose of quantitatively understanding the relationship between each demographic factor and COVID-19.

In recent years, various disasters and urban parks have been involved in improved city safety regarding evacuations and disasters. In disaster management, parks are essential in their post-disaster utilization. Hence, in this paper, we checked the specific existing plans to utilize parks during a temporary evacuation after a disaster. The targets were the regional disaster prevention plan, the city planning master plan, and the green basic plan of the 23 wards of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area. We checked four items: water-related facilities, emergency toilets, energy and lighting-related facilities, and stockpile warehouse. The results showed that parks are equipped with water-related facilities in many districts, while the emergency toilets, energy and lighting facilities, and stockpile warehouse exist in parks as well as in other disaster-related facilities such as elementary schools.

The population influx is one of the biggest problem in provincial city and it will continue consequently. The college students could be important key to prevent this difficult situation since they have to take responsibility for the future. Focused on college students in Toyohashi to reveal their action during leisure time and how they think of Toyohashi city as their familiar city. Consequently, it turned out that college students mostly go out to take a meal with friends and very few entertainment activity. It is not only because in Toyohashi city, but it is how to spend their leisure time for general. Furthermore, it divulged that they spend longer, they are attached to Toyohashi city more, which means that the time they spend could be the most important fact for their impression of the city. Thus, to make inevitably use of a city could turn college students’ impression superior and one step ahead to stave off the population influx.

With the declining population, efforts are underway to realize an intensive urban structure. The importance of consensus building in determining the future image of urban structure is undisputed, and for this reason, it is urgent to deepen the public's understanding of urban structure. "Urban structure visualization," which is a communication tool for urban structure, has been widely used in urban planning sites nationwide after 15 years of its development. On the other hand, as a result of 15 years of efforts in the field of geography education, high school geography education has become compulsory. In this paper, we will discuss the background and achievements of the fusion of these two efforts over the history, and the future development of urban structure visualization by all the people who have contributed to the efforts.

In shrinking cities, urban gardening may revitalize existing communities. Urban parks with low usage rates constitute opportune land for creating community gardens (CGs). However, the ability of vegetable fields to meet public interest is often questioned, leading municipalities to hesitate to establish CGs in urban parks. To discuss the problem, this report describes how Hirano Coop Nouen in Kobe City, Hyogo, was opened. The author interviewed the responsible municipal division and private company to grasp the history of the garden. The results show that the CG currently exists as an experimental project by the Division of Agriculture and Fishery of Kobe City and the future development should be examined. Additionally, creating an open-access CG and providing learning opportunities may be essential for community building.