This paper derives an analytical expression of the estimation of the demand for a facility under the following conditions: (i) the behavior of facility users follow an origin-constrained spatial interaction model, and (ii) the distribution of facility users in a network space is represented by polynomials. We demonstrate that a part of integrand in the definite integral representing the estimation for a facility can be represented by the infinite series of exponential functions and that the analytical expression of the demand is derived based on the infinite series. We then conclude with suggestions for a future study.

This research clarifies the contents of activity, and the actual condition of an organization about Salem Housing (CDCs).And an activity example-Ramona Park- is reported. CDCs have passed for 50 years, after being inaugurated in the United States and it is playing an active part in various areas still now. The form of organization of NPO is recognized and it is considered to be because for the system and environment supporting organizations, such as a subsidy, to be ready. Moreover, independence of the local community became clear from investigation. It seems that an NPO like CDCs will support a local improvement and a local community even in Japan from now on.

In Malaysia, town planners are required to register with the professional bodies, before they are recognised as having the essential license to practice. The registration regulatory body is Malaysian Institute of Planners (MIP), established in 1972 and strengthen by Board of Town Planners, Malaysia (BTPM) which was enforced on year 1996. This article aims to introduce to Japan the planning profession in Malaysia and to give readers insight into the registration systems for professional town planners, especially foreign town planners who wish to practice in Malaysia.

Japan would has been turning from the age of road building to the age of utilization of existing road space. The purpose of this study is to examine new issues about road policy for the future, especially in provincial areas where the traffic demand is small. In this paper, the viewpoints of past road policies were systematically classified based on literature published during recent years. And, the issues of road policy which would become more important in the future were considered. As the result, it was shown that the studies on the regeneration of the road for presumed future environmental problems would be important.

There is growing need for collaboration in order to promote originality within the community. The future of the community is in the hands of the younger generations. Therefore, in high school, it is important to teach the students how to work together with their local community. With this in mind, Fuji Hokuryo High School provides a practice program in community development for the students in architectural design course, which helps the students collaborate with their local community. The purpose of this report is to describe the achievements in the community development through the cooperation between school and local Community.

This study discusses actual conditions and issues of community planning making use of warehouses based on the questionnaire survey to owners along main streets in Kitakata City of Fukushima Prefecture. This study clarifies that owners of warehouses have difficulty in bearing the expenses of their maintenance, and that it is important to establish strategic programs and to raise awareness of non-profit organization Kitakata Machidukuri Center on government budgetary constraint.

In Egawa, many fishermen do fishing pole and line that has been used for a long time. That percentage is about 60%. The fishermen who runs a day-to-day living is always at risk of life, as symbolized by

Many floods have occurred in Hongu Town since old days. However, Hongu junior high school was built in 1999 without considering the use as a disaster base. This school is built on the highland, and has a large gymnasium and a large ground. But this is chiefly because it was prior to get a large site and to improve the social gymnastics. But contrary to the assumption, Hongu junior high school was used not only as an evacuation center but as a disaster base in the disaster of tropical storm Talas, 2011. Hongu Town will continue to have floods from now on, so people in Hongu Town are, reflecting on the role this school played in the disaster, seeking to improve Hongu junior high school as a disaster base of Hongu Town.

Hirado City lies on the north-west tip of Nagasaki Prefecture and retains 'Hidden Christian(Kakure Kirishitan)' customs derived from the 16th century propagation of Christianity in the area. This essay aims to clarify the interrelationship between the tangible and intangible elements by illustrating tangible elements in the area and interpreting the meanings that make up the cultural landscape based on intangible element research. In order to analyze the cultural landscape structure, close attention was paid to the layers that show the relationships between the tangible and intangible elements. The approach to deciphering the links between the tangible elements that indicate the settlement's functional environs and intangible elements of the worship spaces has been found to be of great significance in terms of clarifying the character of the land.

Many cities suffered damage from the Great East Japan Earthquake grasp their residents intention investigations and formulate reconstruction program. This research analyzed from the keyword, came out of briefing sessions(total 45 times, about 3,500 persons participate) held the Higashi-matsushima city ;damage differs for every geographical feature or area; thereafter, transition of intentions and a method of effective information dissemination were considered. As a result, interest of colony relocation group's was shifted from questions about group move to questions and requests about public housing and reconstruction time with information increased.

The purpose of this study is to clarify a causal connection between a personal background and service enjoyment level and the evaluation awareness of the public transport of inhabitants. At first we grasp a general tendency about a policy evaluation of the public transport. Then, it is found about a relationship of the personal background and the policy evaluation of the public transport. Next, it is clarified a relationship of the service enjoyment level of the public transport and the policy evaluation from the viewpoint of "accessibility to service" and "relative convenience of the service". Finally we build evaluation structured model of public transport based on the personal background and the service enjoyment level by the covariance structure analysis.

Buildings play a central role in all societies, providing housing, working place, and entertainments space. However, buildings have a large negative impact on the environment, for example the large GHG emissions and huge resource consumption. Green building, as an environmental-friendly building model with high efficiency, low consumption and wastes, has been widely recognized and applied in the building industry in the world. While the number of green building environmental assessment methods, tools, ratings and certificates, both in use or under development is increasing rapidly, there has yet been an international standard for accreditation. This paper reviews the current rating systems and tools accepted in various countries in the world, and provide basic information for the future study.

Recent years, the creation of a good Night scene is regarded as important since the place of people's life spreads out also at night. Therefore, the control of the Night scene in the whole city is necessary by the Night scene formation system of the local government. But, there are little Night scene formation systems in comparison with the general scene formation system. The operative actual situation of the Night scene formation system does not become clear in the precedent study. Therefore, I study the Night scene formation ordinance in Kanazawa that is an advanced system. And it is intended to clarify the detailed operative actual situation.

Sites and Services is an on-site slum upgrading approach to facilitate self-build housing for the low income population by providing plots and infrastructure. It had been widely approved and implemented by many countries and regions during 1970s, yet most projects are known to have failed due to lack of affordability that did not meet the real need of the target income group and for this reason, many of the allottees have sold their plot or sublet the entire house. Therefore, this paper focuses on the spatial aspects of sites and services in Bangkok as a case study, to understand the housing supply mechanism, which happen to occur informally and the context to allow the system to sustain.

This study examines the case of Azumino city, which has decided to abolish its Area Division and introduce voluntary ordinance to control land use after municipal merger of City Planning Areas between Area Division type and Non-area Division type.<br>Since the municipal merger of 2005, the city of Azumino had conducted intensive deliberations by the experts' committee as well as citizens' one for five years. Then the city came to the conclusion that implementing a voluntary ordinance to control land use was appropriate in order to realize the planning objectives that citizens were trying to achieve. As regards the integration of City Planning Areas between Area Division type and Non-area Division type, subsequent land use control is a big challenge. However, since we have never seen a case where Area Division is abolished and voluntary ordinance is solely introduced, the result of this study would provides new insight into the integration of City Planning Areas for those cases.

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the contents and the feature of Heritage Development Control Plan 2006 of Sydney after clarifying the historic environment conservation system. The following three points were clarified. 1) There are an inheritance conservation system and a planning system in historic environment conservation of Australia. The heritages of the federation and the state level are targeted for the former. The later, the heritages of the state and the local level are targeted. Double regulation has related to the heritages of the state level. 2) HDCP is a city plan, the heritages of the state level are also made into the control subject. 3) HDCP is a plan to conserve historic environment from two viewpoints, inheritance and landscapes.