Japan is now entering the society that the population decreases. In the past, a necessary residential land was calculated based on the framework of population. But, this method has a certain limitation. In Germany, the population decrease was caused earlier than in Japan. So, the relation between the population and the residential land demand, and handling of small villages was examined in three cities. In Germany, new residential land demand is calculated based on changes of the housing district, and the population density in built-up areas is not considered. In all cities, new residential quarter is arranged in a small-scale village. In Japan adoptions of these methods should be examined.

This report is introduction of a study for the Requirement and this supporting Method for establishing the Company for Promoting Urban Renaissance. The company is made for policy increasing the number of person for Promoting Urban Renaissance. The renewal law of the Urban Renaissance can establish this Company on local Urban Renaissance Area in March 2007. Many cities don't know this Company, and a few cities are interested in this Company. The Organization for Promoting Urban Development has to support this Company by this law. So the Organization set up for the manual concerned with this law through the case study of Uruma-city Okinawa pref. For the part of this manual, we suggested this Requirement and this Method.

This paper intended to analyze changes in rural landscape between 1890's and 1970's in the middle of the Awaji Island, central Japan. Changes from woodland or paddy-field to other type of land-use could be explained by differences in topographical factors such as altitude, slope angle and topographic wetness. Especially, it was revealed that a topographic wetness index (TWI) was effective to explain land-use changes in the Awaji Island where has a relatively low annual precipitation. Total length of boundary lines between woodland and paddy-field was decreased to 85% in the period 1890's-1970's, but the number of them was twice in the same period. It seemed that boundary areas between woodland and paddy-field were fragmented by land-use changes.

The urban park designated by the City Planning Act, an essential facility to maintain the good city environment, is found to be vulnerable to the discretionary alteration by the local government. Upon diminishing and/or abolishing of the existing park, one local government interprets the law as it can evade the formal amendment procedure, including the deliberation of the City Planning Council.<br>We take an case of Shin-Ohtsuka Park in Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo to explain the problems in the Dual Purpose Fixture concept and how it brings this seemingly strange outcome.<br>

This paper is outline of an approach to promotion of city regeneration plan by Groundwork Mishima, which is a NPO for environmental regeneration and community development in Japan, through a variety of case of human resources development and networking programme. The characteristics of this approach are practical activities and flexible coordination by NPO. These activities lead to reconstruction of local community action and human network, and development of new regeneration programmes, such as community business.

The economic reform of the past few decades has physically transformed China's cities. The private ownership of real estate property has been rising gradually from the long sustained years in socialist ownership policy after 1949, and the transformation of property ownership in the urban area influenced the system of urban development. This paper focuses on policy reorientation of the restoration plan in the historical cultural areas in Beijing, China, which explores how to carry out the restoration planning from a new viewpoint of promotion of public participation that has been stipulated in the text of a new ordinance of Beijing government (2003). As a result of this study, this paper indicates possibility of the new introduction of subsidy system for restoration to Beijing local government, which is referred to the case of the historical townscape preservation in Japan.