Kagai is a Japanese term for traditional entertainment districts. It comprehensively inherits many aspects of traditional Japanese culture. Mukoujima Kagai has the largest number of geisha in Tokyo. In spite of air raids in WWII, a ryotei in the early Showa period remains. This study aims to clarify transition of distribution on buildings in Kagai at the period of 1921, 1935, 1953, 1968,and 2019. Some of the conclusions are as follows: 1)The district where Kagai buildings concentrated hasn't changed since 1921. 2) Ryotei contain two business types.The weight between these types had changed after 1968. 3)Unlike other Kagai in Tokyo, there are many ryotei that joined the association after 1968.

We observed patterns in crows landings on an overhead power line in Utunomiya, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan, from November to December, 2018. The number of crows landing on the power line was highest in half an hour after sunset, then began to decrease for returning to their roost. In addition, since more than a hundred individuals keep staying on the power line in one hour after sunset, the power line may function not only as a pre-roosting assembly site, but also as a roosting site for crows. In addition, bird-dropping nuisance by the crows was observed under the power line.

This study focuses on the fact that many of the roles played by local residents and world heritage guidance facilities in conducting World Heritage activities are common, based on recent trends in World Heritage sites. This is an attempt to clarify what kind of effect will occur in World Heritage activities. In this study, Wakamikotei, which is a guidance facility for the Honederamura Shoen Iseki registered in the provisional list of documents of The World Heritage Sites: Hiraizumi, is treated as a survey site, and interview surveys and literature surveys are conducted with the residents' organizations that operate Wakamikotei. As a result, at Wakamikotei, the intangible value of the Honederamura Shoen Iseki and the cultural connection with the World Heritage Site: Hiraizumi are visualized, and along with this, new relationships with other organizations are created. From the above results, it was clarified that the participation of local residents in the World Heritage Guidance Facility greatly contributes to World Heritage activities, such as visualizing the relevance and intangible value of each cultural good.

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the use of major former military grounds and remaining former military buildings in Tokyo Prefecture in 1948 by analyzing the data in “Report of former military grounds and remaining former military buildings in Tokyo prefecture.” I found that there were some former military grounds and former military buildings that GHQ did not use. I found that some grounds were used for agriculture and others for education, housing, factories and laboratories. I can point out that such grounds and buildings were usually mixed-use, and education facilities and laboratories were taken over their former use of military age. I also found that there were few former military grounds and former military buildings that were not in use.

The spread of COVID-19 has led to significant changes in people's behavior. Such life changes have elasticity, and it is important to understand the elasticity in order to think about the post-corona city. In this study, we focused on the time of the day when people engage in certain activities and identified the elasticity of the changes in behavior before the COVID-19 epidemic, during and after the declaration of a state of emergency. The results are as follows: 1) Travel by rail has decreased and car travel has increased; 2) Work hours have not changed much; 3) The increase in telecommuting may have led to more housekeeping and childcare activities during work hours.

During the action limited due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, city parks in Japan could use for exercising or playing. However, some of the park amenities were closed to prevent the dense situation. To provide park service during the pandemic, it is necessary to consider the measures on park amenities for avoiding the high density of users. This research studied people's activities on park amenities in seven parks of Tokyo and analyzed user density. The result indicated that playground equipment and public square where show is held contain high density of users. Mitigation strategies for prevent the dense situation when using park amenities were suggested.

Recent frequent river floods in Japan emphasize the importance of flood disaster mitigation measures concerning urban and architectural planning, and analysis of building damage situations by flood. In this paper, we analyze the trend of damage caused by river floods in the past by using 26 years of the Statistical Survey on Flood Damages. The results show that most of the damages to buildings are caused by inland inundations in large cities, and by river floods in regional cities. About 80% of the flood damages to buildings were caused by inundations below 50cm above the floor level, and therefore, it can be considered that architectural strategies can play an important role for mitigation.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the usage requirements of local residents toward the regional implementation of new mobility services. In particular, in this paper, we focus on the elements and processes that lead to the daily use of mobility blend (MB), which is in as a new mobility service. For this purpose, we conducted an interview survey of users for three social experiment in Kozoji NT. Grounded Theory Approach (GTA) is used in the analysis. As a result of GTA, seven elements related to utilization were extracted. And we showed three processes from seven elements by Category-related integrated diagram of GTA.

Urban gardening is a promising use of vacant land because of its various function. This type of green space management, to which inhabitants contribute significantly, also provides benefits to municipalities faced with lack of their budget and ideas. The variety of urban gardening forms makes it difficult to find an optimal governance for each case. The accumulation of case studies is necessary for relevant actors to find a model. This report investigates the history and way of management of a community garden established on vacant land in Sumida, Tokyo, by a non-profit organization (NPO). The interview and document survey showed that the garden project started to bring communication between people through growing traditional vegetables. The reason of obtaining the NPO status was to receive a subsidy by the municipality. The status might also work to solve a problem on property tax. Thus, NPOs may have advantages in financial stability of community garden management.

Nakacho-dori Street, the entertainment district in the downtown of Tokyo, has a high concentration of shops ranging from long-established businesses to adult entertainment businesses, and there is a need for a street space that everyone feels comfortable walking through. As a countermeasure against the new coronavirus infection, we conducted a pilot project in which we installed stand tables called "Gaito (Streetlight) Stands" on Nakacho-dori. As a result of surveying the activities of users and the intentions of stores in the street, we found out the potential for improving the atmosphere of the street space by creating a scene in which people stay on the street, as well as the potential for strengthening the connection between stores.