This study discusses the accessibility of guest rooms in accommodations in Fukushima City based on the results of the questionnaire survey. In Fukushima City, large accommodations are required to conform to the "Welfare town planning ordinance" enacted by a prefectural assembly of Fukushima prefecture when they are constructed or reconstructed. This study points out that (1) the Fukushima prefectural government needs to require owners of accommodations applied with the ordinance to make known to the public that the accommodations are constructed or reconstructed in compliance with the ordinance, (2) the Fukushima prefectural government needs to expand the scope of accommodations to be applied to the ordinance and to provide financial support to owners of accommodations, and (3) the Fukushima prefectural government needs to establish regulatory standards for Japanese-style rooms as well as Western-style rooms, and to establish regulatory standards for persons with visual and hearing disabilities as well as wheelchair users, as issues in order to improve the accessibility of accommodations.

This study discusses the current status of geopark promotion councils and problems of geotourism in Japan systematically, on the basis of results of questionnaire survey and hearing survey to geopark promotion councils. The key findings of this study are: (1) Geopark promotion councils are organized by diverse actors and most of them receive financial support from administrative organizations. (2) Most geopark promotion councils carry out liaison and coordination with related actors, educational activities, research activities, public relations activities, formulation of plans, geotours, and training of geotour guides. (3) Most geopark promotion councils think that we do not accomplish to increase visitors although they received approval as geopark promotion councils to increase visitors and visitors are increasing practically. (4) Most geopark promotion councils have problems concerning the councils themselves, and conservation and management of geosites. (5) Most geopark promotion councils point out improvement of a degree of recognition of geoparks and construction of the system to maintain and improve in quality of geoparks. This study points out that it is important to create systems to maintain and improve in quality of geoparks and to publicize the attractiveness of geoparks as issues of geotourism in Japan.

In this study, we aim to analyze development plans of group relocation projects for disaster mitigation in Fukushima Prefecture and point out some issues of the projects. Group relocation projects for disaster mitigation are in progress in 46 districts of six cities in Fukushima Prefecture. We point out two future issues concerning group relocation projects for disaster mitigation, that is, (1) effective utilazation of land within zones to promote relocation, and (2) Livelihood support for the elderly in relocation areas.

This study discusses the current state and future issues of the development of roadside stations as disaster prevention function in Fukushima Prefecture. This study analyses that roadside stations as disaster prevention function are not currently developed in both hardware parts and software parts. This study points out that toilets for disaster, emergency power supply equipment and alternative communication means are prepared as hardware parts and that staff training for disaster is important as software parts, as future issues.

This study examines current state and issues about development of disaster prevention green space in Fukushima Prefecture through the hearing survey and the field survey. This study points out plans of disaster prevention green spaces that are devoted to the single purpose of disaster prevention as a problem. Finally, this study presents the necessity to construct collaborative management system between administrative organizations and residents as a future issue.

This paper proposes an alternative space-time accessibility measure amounting to consumer surplus and discusses the practical application and calculation of the measure. We reexamine an existing space-time accessibility measure amounting to consumer surplus, and on the basis of the reexamination, and propose an alternative space-time accessibility measure that also amounts to consumer surplus. We show that, unlike the existing measure, the proposed measure is consistent with spatial interaction theory. We then indicate that the measure enables us to evaluate whether some projects, such as the relocation of facilities, are desirable for overall population in terms of total consumer surplus in a reasonable computational time.

This study analyses present conditions concerning revitalization of agriculture in Fukushima prefecture after the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. In Fukushima, salt removal and reconstruction of agricultural infrastructure are implemented in tsunami disaster areas, and inspections of all rice and decontamination of farmland are implemented in areas polluted by radioactive materials. In addition, advanced efforts are implemented in some areas, for example, salt removal using converter slag in Soma City, and detailed information maps of radioactive contamination in Towa district of Nihonmatsu City and Oguni district of Date City. It is necessary to establish collaborative system managed by residents, administrative organizations, business operators and researchers and to promote practical activities and research activities to revitalize agriculture in Fukushima.

This research aims at proposing a tool to educate the knowledge and judgment ability of disaster for the children of the first half of teens. To this end, we developed a prototype of the board game. The game is a competitive board game for two players so that facilitators and leaders are not required. One of the players is a player who plays a role of people, the other player is a player who plays a role in causing the disaster. A map and 2 types of card are used in this game. The map shows simplified terrain of the actual world. The cards represent knowledge of disaster and the mitigating way of disaster. In this paper, we report an overview of the prototype of the game.

The evidence or trace of the railroad line may remain even if a long time has passed from a railroad is abandoned. This research aims to understand the factor of these remaining. To this end, the land use and building arrangement of the object areas were classified in consideration of the relation with the feature of the neighborhood of railways. Object areas were 2 railways orbits and their neighborhood. As a result, it was turned out that there was a tendency to remain the evidence of the railroad except for the case where facilities, such as a school, are built on a railroad line.

This study aims to promote sustainable eco-activities in local shopping streets. We conducted questionnaire surveys and interview surveys at local shopping streets in Kawasaki City. We propose to environmental friendly activities. It is important to cooperate with other organizations at local shopping streets activities. It is easy to get cooperate with other organizations at environmental friendly activities of local shopping streets. Environmental friendly activities are suitable from activation point of view.

Autonomous and sustainable societies are currently demanded in rural towns. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate changes of residents' inter-regional behaviors over time. Data collected since 1970 have revealed long-term changes of people's shopping destinations in Ibaraki prefecture, which has many regional characteristics. Results derived from those data show that numerical disparities related to shopper numbers increased among municipalities. One municipality once had a prominent position for residents' shopping behavior, but it declined as new municipalities attracted shopping behavior. Results derived from actual behavior of people clarified that regional structures of behavior have changed dramatically during the last 40 years.

Because of expected climate change, flood disasters causing severe damage are expected to occur more frequently. Moreover, conventional disaster control might be insufficient for large disasters. In Shiga, the "Safety level map of chi-saki" was published, revealing more detailed information about flood risks than a normal hazard map would. According to the capitalization hypothesis, land prices are influenced by disaster risk. This study assessed risk recognition by residents as reflected in land prices and the risk to the land itself as shown in the “Safety level map of chi-saki.” We sought to confirm a relation between risk recognition by residents and risk to the land itself. Results revealed the following. 1) Land prices do not incorporate flood risk. 2) Possible misconceptions might occur between risk recognition by residents and the risk to the land itself.

This study aims to understand how the lifestyle of people who live in Takashimadaira-Danchi housing complex have changed. To this end, the changes of the number and the combination of tenants in the housing complex were examined based on the tenants list printed on the local information magazines. It can be seen from observation of the results that the facilities relevant to elderly people's health have been increasing and many food stores decreased when some hypermarkets opened.

This study aims to clarify the promotional factors of inhabitants' consciousness and subjective effects by local greenery inhabitants' activities. We focused on Yokohama Nishikigaoka area where residents do local greenery activities including street plants maintenance activities and planting of retaining walls. In this study, we make clear by interview and questionnaire survey, and consider available countermeasure for future activities in an area doing greenery activities with a focus space of roadside tree and road.

This study aims to clarify the conditions and the factors of flag-shaped sites. Flag-shaped site is a site fronted a road in narrow space. It may cause problems concerning amenity, safety and landscape. The survey area of this study is the whole area of Machida city. We surveyed distribution conditions and categorical analysis of flag-shaped sites by using map and ArcGIS. 5.1% of whole sites are flag-shaped sites in Machida. Flag-shaped site was categorized into regular-shape, irregular-shape and single site, double site and other sections. It is basically regular-shape and single site. We surveyed relation of flag-shaped sites to distance from stations, land readjustment project areas. Differences were found in distance from stations. Land readjustment projects have significant influences.

Ogawa-esuji was a historical canal for irrigation with its origin in the 17th century. A survey showed that there were the sections along which the mechanism of water conveyance in conformity with the topography emerged obviously as the compositions of landscape. But, such sections were only 1/3 of the total length, and the emergence of such mechanism became indefinite depending on both the landforms and the elements of landscape on both sides of the canal. Except for the sections around the starting point and the end point, the sections of different landscape compositions were intermingled and fitted into the reach up to approximately 400m in length.

In local cities, the increase of parking spaces at the central district became a subject of discussion. The purpose of this study is to consider the problem through a case study. This paper reports a case of Omuta City located in Fukuoka. As a result, the followings are showed. Parking spaces, which are mainly composed of small and medium size lots, distributed widely throughout the area. There are a large number of long-used lots as a parking space here and there, too.

The first aim of this report was to investigate the fluctuation of average step counts with season and the days of the week using data obtained from Yokohama Walking Point Project in which approximately 120 thousand citizens (as of June, 2014) participate. We found that average step counts were high on Friday and in November and May regardless of age and sex. <br>The second aim was to investigate, in consideration of individual attributes, the association between average step counts of each neighborhood and environmental factors. We found that environmental factors such as population density, distance of the nearest station and average elevation of the neighborhoods affected average step counts of the residents.

It was attempted to search perceptional constraint for contact with nature in urban area. We focus attention on stormwater reservoir for flood control. Reservoir is one of example of space richly endowed with nature in urban. It was surveyed stormwater reservoir's location, spatial form, surrounding equipment. It was found that resident living near reservoir have a view of nature. It was surveyed resident's consciousness and perception for reservoir in their neighborhood. As the result, it was found that resident recognize not only visual environment but also sound circumstance or warmer environment. Nature elements have a better effect on impression of reservoir. It was concluded that relationship between the nature and human activity is mutually inhibit each other. Therefore, perceptional constraint is the potentiality of symbiosis with nature.

Information and communication technology development have increased internet information transmission and communication effects on people's willingness to join regional activities thorough the internet, the kinds of activities they were encouraged to join, and features of people who were encouraged to join. Results revealed the following. 1) Although few people recognized web page or SNS related to regional activities, most web page or SNS users tended to join activities. 2) Internet users who check news often were most likely to be encouraged to join regional activities through the internet.

In Japan, the regional cooperation for tourism development has been promoted. In 2008, Tourism Area Development Act was established. This paper aims to discuss the possibilities and challenges of regional cooperation to foster tourism destination and communities based on the tourism area system. Through the case study of Sasebo-Ojika Tourism Area, the framework of regional cooperation is established and dispatch of information is strengthened. In addition, the conservation of natural environment and landscape might lead to regional spatial planning. However, the difference of characteristics and direction of tourism development make it difficult to cooperate deeply between major city(Sasebo) and remote island(Ojika).

On 11th March 2011, the liquefaction happened in Urayasu city in Chiba prefecture, which is far from the focus of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake. That interfered with the residents toilet. This study aims to propose the ways to defecate more comfortably under disasters in the future by considering the state of toilet issues and residents ways to defecate in Urayasu city in time of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake. This study shows the measures to tackle toilet issues which administration should implement and the ways to defecate based on the questionnaire survey and interview in Urayasu city.

In this study, we explore the settlement consciousness and attachment consciousness of inhabitants of the living condition has deteriorated region, and examine a necessary things for further living environment improvement, it is an object that we can find inside and outside factors. We intended for Tsurukawa 3-chome where subdivision advanced to in the oldest land readjustment project areas in Machida city where land readjustment project was carried out flourishingly, and conducted a study based on a questionnaire survey. From the results, it is thought that it needs revitalization of local shopping districts and community buses and urban development that lives easily regardless of ages.

Shizuoka Prefecture has been damaged by large tsunamis historically and today is taking a variety of measures to reduce the damages of tsunami caused by Nankai megathrust earthquakes in near future. The purpose of this study is to analyze issues and usability of Minato Inochiyama which has been constructed as a new Tsunami Evacuation facility at Fukuroi City in 2013. The study also presents peoples awareness of local residents. The study shows that they do not feel secure about Inochiyama as a tsunami evacuation facility. Also, it does not function as a community space of local residents enough. On the other hand, the study concludes that Minato Inochiyama could be a symbolic evacuation facility used in various ways according to the situation.

This study focuses on subjective effects on customers and cafe staff members of "Hotto cafe NAKAGAWA" in Yokohama City. As a result, we have a growing interest to the café-sponsored courses and community greening activities in both customers and cafe staff members. In addition, in the spread of the alternating-current relationship, while the exchange effect between cafe staff members were great, it was found that the effect of the exchange and cafe staff members and customers are small.

Gray starlings (Sturnus cineraceus) often roost communally in the built-up area, and the clouds of gray starlings often cause excessive noise and other problems. In order to solve these problems, the clarification of spatial relationships between roosts and surrounding land use are highly needed by local planners and residents. We surveyed the relationships between communal roosts of Gray Starlings and green spaces and also the relationships between the roosts and surrounding three-dimensional building structure in the 23 wards of Tokyo. We found that the roosts tented to locate near large green spaces and some roosts were surrounded by high-rise buildings.

Many relatively small shopping streets in Japan are progressing decline by opening of large-scale suburban stores. The aim of this study is to detect the characteristics of visitors in a local shopping district by comparison with the visitors in a large-scale commercial facility, and to propose activation measures of a shopping district around West Hiroshima Station where a lot of vacant stores exist. We conducted questionnaire surveys of customers both in a local shopping district and in large-scale suburban stores. In a cross-analysis, we found the frequency of visiting to the local shopping street is higher, and users often visit on foot or by bicycle. On the other hand, the frequency of visiting to the large-scale shopping mall located about five kilometers west of Hiroshima Station is lower, and many consumers use the private car. In addition, we performed regional evaluation study, which includes 9 evaluation items in each area. A shopping district around West Hiroshima Station showed a high reputation in the field of "correspondence of the people is kind." However In other items, large-scale suburban stores was the result of more than a West Hiroshima Station.

This research aims to find out the inhabitants' consciousness gap between generations and the possibility of intergenerational exchange toward sustainable society in a long-distance suburb. We studied Kiminomori in Chiba prefecture, and we regarded the community as active. We researched inhabitants' interest in community activities and mutual learning by generations. Elderly people are interested in neighborly relations, revitalization of local shop, disaster prevention and environmental sustainability activities. Younger people have more interest in activities of children's safety, community gardening and nature experiences. All ages people are interested in cleaning activities.

The purpose of this study is to consider how to increase new residents in urban area. We asked the residents living in suburban apartment house about the intention of moving to urban area, the housing environment and the needs of facilities such as supermarkets, bus stops, parks and so on. We also tried to evaluate whether the facilities and the housing environment in urban area meet the needs of residents in suburban area. According to our survey, the facilities in urban area adequately satisfy the resident's needs. However, their needs for single-family house are not being met in urban area because of high land values and parking fee. There are economic and residential problems that have to be solved in order to increase new residents in urban area.

Mobile phones can have possibility to promote the new way of tourism, and indeed several local governments, such as Iwate Prefecture, Yokosuka City, utilize a mobile application named Ingress for tourism promotion. This paper aims to consider the possibility for the new way of tourism promotion, through a case of Yokosuka City that started a project to use Ingress, by reviewing the city's relevant initiatives and analyzing the number and the area of the Ingress users. The conclusion, highlighting the increasing number of the users and the expanding area of tourism sites that the users have opened, finds the positive results of the action initiated by Yokosuka City.

This paper is outline of a case of Albergo Diffuso which is a model of original hospitality and sustainable development of small historical villages in Italy. A Feature of this approach is to create a sustainable community through a way of conservation use of area resources and implementation of tourism. It is ideally based on authenticity of the environment and an innovative system of rural regeneration

Mt.Fuji was registered as UNESCO World Heritage in 2013. In faced many challenges that need to be solved. In this study, we examined the tourist trends of the northern base of Mt.Fuji using questionnaire surveys. As a result, the following points were analyzed. 1) The Michi-no-Eki visitors were the ones who have visited more than 20 times to other Michi-no-Eki stations with family. 2) The travel cost per one person was about 33,757 JPY, and the cost was different for each Michi-no-Eki station. 3) Most of visitors of the Michi-no-Eki stations were looking for freedoms from daily life and happiness with their family in the tourism to northern base of Mt.Fuji. Based on the results, we will analyze the difference of the attribute and the questionnaire items and try to capture the characteristics of tourism of the northern base of Mt.Fuji.

Mt.Fuji was registered as UNESCO World Heritage in 2013. It faced many challenges that need to be solved. In this study, we examined the tourist trends of the northern base of Mt.Fuji using questionnaire surveys. As a result, the following points were analyzed: The rail station visitors using trains and highway buses and their members were consisted of five to six people including a family and friends with their elementary school children. The travel cost per one person was different for each rail station. We could not grasp serious items thought out the questionnaire surveys which weighted for the visitors of rail stations. Based on the results, we will analyze the difference of the attribute and the questionnaire items and try to capture the characteristics of tourism of the northern base of Mt.Fuji.

Mt.Fuji was registered as UNESCO World Heritage in 2013. It faced many challenges that need to be solved. In this study, we examined the tourist trends of the northern base of Mt.Fuji using a questionnaire surveys. As a result, the following points were analyzed: 1) The visitors of Mt.Fuji Fifth selected the northern base of Mt.Fuji as an convenience of the short trips nearby. 2) The travel cost per one person was about 25,731JPY and, most of it was made up by transportation and accommodation fee. 3) Most of visitors of the Mt.Fuji Fifth considered about Environmental conservation of region. However, only few visitors considered the contribution of regional economy. Based on the results, we will analyze the difference of the attribute and the questionnaire items and try to capture the characteristics of tourism of the northern base of Mt.Fuji.

The purpose of this study is to estimate vacant dwellings rates of apartment house in a small district. We investigated the number of apartment houses located in the urban area of Wakayama City and proposed a simple math formula to estimate the rates of vacant dwellings based on the number of houses and the population. The current and future rates were calculated and the results were different in each district. It is required to consider the housing supply and demolition according to the vacant dwellings rates in each district.