This paper aims to analyze the characteristics of the residents living in apartments, the reasons for moving to apartments in the central area and how they evaluate environmental conditions of the central area. A quarter of households have only one member and about forty percent of households have two members. Female householder family type is different from that of male householder family. Householders are divided into two age groups, a young group and an elderly group. Most important reason for moving is a convenience to transportation facilities, but elderly residents tend to think shopping more important than transportation facilities. A lot of former houses are located near present houses and most of them are rental apartments. Lots of residents evaluate the environmental conditions of the central area well and they want to live long.

This paper researches the trend of tourists visiting Wakasa area in Fukui prefecture by the toll-free expressway trial with sightseeing statistics and questionnaire survey for tourists, and analyzes diversification of arrival and departure point of tourists by the toll-free expressway. Consequently, diversification of departure point is checked from increase of entropy. But, entropy of arrival point does not increase.

Dhaka is vulnerable to earthquake because many buildings have been constructed in an unregulated manner for a long time without following the proper construction design and methods based on Bangladesh National Building Code. In order to check the building construction condition and residents seismic risk recognition including their intention for safety measures, the authors conducted a questionnaire survey among 720 residents in Dhaka in 2010. Based on a previous paper, this paper reports some findings including (a) majority of the residents suspect that major earthquake may struck Dhaka in near future, and (b) their residential buildings may perform poorly in that earthquake.

his study aims to gradually reflect information concerning tourists and to propose tourist route model formulation techniques that take spatial reproducibility into account using GIS. The conclusions can be summarized into the following two points.(1) After Kawagoe City was selected as the study area, data concerning tourists was collected and processed, and a tourist route model that takes spatial reproducibility into account was formulated with GIS. (2) Scenario analysis of three stages that were set based on Kawagoe City tourist policy was conducted and tourist route models that had been formulated were reviewed. As spatial reproducibility of tourist route models was recognized in the results of this review, it can be considered that tourist route model formulation methods proposed in this study are not limited by spatiotemporal discrepancies or the particular issues of each tourist destination.

The purpose of this study is to research the Area-Management in the Ariakekita project,new Tokyo waterfront sub center which the Urban Renaissance Agency supports,a case of town revitalization of the public-private partnerships by the land effective use business that the Urban Renaissance Agency executes.This business is large land-use change from an industrial site into a residential sites,etc.Through this study,we can support the inducing private-development after the land readjustment and the advanced city-planning which leads the low-carbon society in and around the site.

This study discusses the outcomes of Measure 37 and Measure 49 and identifies key issues relating to growth management policies and smart growth policies in the state of Oregon. Oregon has been a top runner in growth management policy and smart growth policy since the statewide land use planning system was established in 1973. However, Measure 37, entitled "Government must pay owners or forego enforcement when certain land use restrictions reduce property value," was passed in 2004, and subsequently, Measure 49 was passed in 2007 to reduce the effects of waivers based on Measure 37. While 6,857 claims were filed with the state under Measure 37, 3,447 claims were authorized to develop 6,131 new dwellings under Measure 49. Hereafter, it is necessary to pay attention to how these Measure 49 authorizations will be carried out and how the growth management policies and smart growth policies in Oregon will be affected by another Measure 49 compensation requirement for new land use regulations.

Bouhan Machizukuri is a general term for activities conducted by the cooperation between residents and administrations, etc., with the purpose of preventing crime by producing environments and situations in which crime is less likely to occur. The important keywords here are "prevention" and "cooperation." The thinking behind "prevention" is the exact opposite of post-crime support through the correction in prison of criminals by means of the criminal justice system. "Cooperation" is based on the thinking that various countermeasures will become possible by the joining of various agents' forces. Other important requirements of "Bouhan Machizukuri" include a combination of software such as residents' patrols and improved hardware in buildings and public spaces. Needless to say, the prevention of crime itself is not the most urgent goal but is rather nothing more than one factor in improving quality of life. In recognition of this, it is the essential to promote "Bouhan Machizukuri" from a comprehensive outlook, combining wide-ranging purposes such as townscape, welfare and regional revitalization.

There is the primary professional responsibilities under which the professionals have no responsibilities to attain the client's intents in Japanese Law, English Law and American Law etc. The primary professional responsibilities are inclined to meet the principles of the contracts. The phenomenon defines "Going toward the contracts for the professional responsibilities". There is also a traditional dispute about the regal matter of the architect contract between owner and architect in Japan. This dispute is whether the architect contracts should be applied to Ininkeiyaku or to Ukeoikeiyaku. They are the types of the typical contracts in Japanese Civil Law. The dispute is similar to the phenomenon, "Going toward the contract for the professional responsibilities". The considering of this dispute defines the architect's responsibility for remedying the defective buildings. This paper tries to explicate the regal matter of the architect contracts and "Going toward the contracts for the professional responsibilities" considering English law and American law, and to identifies the professional responsibilities in Japan.

After three month from the 2011 East Japan Earthquake, there are a lot of proposals for the recovery and reconstruction of damaged cities. Some of them refers to the systems of deregulation, promotion and cooperation such as Special Zone and Reconstruction Company. However, each proposal is only the idea and has little relationship each other. For example, Special Zone is one of the main tool in the expected Special Treatment Law after the 2011 Earthquake, there are very few ideas how it relates to Reconstruction Company and whether it is sufficient to encourage and empower for the real and urgent local needs. This article aims to clarify these relationships and draw a design for the integrated system that can work closely with local authorities.

A bike-sharing system called Barclays Cycle Hire Scheme has started its operation in central London since July 2010. This article outlines collected information on the large-scale bike-sharing system in the metropolitan city following Velib' in Paris, including background, roles of relevant bodies (i.e. Transport for London, Serco plc. and Barclays plc.), demand estimation method, standards for site selection of docking stations, and current usage situations and problems. As for the situations of usage and operation, it shows: [1] the average number of usage is around 15,000-20,000 hires per day and far below the predicted and targeted level, [2] the considerable portion of hires are for commuting purpose during peak hours, which leads to the shortage of available bikes and docking points in some areas, [3] they have been coping with it by the improvement of bike redistribution practices and through the gradual installation of docking stations, and so on.