This study examined the policy process of the “Basic Act on the Child” and the “Act for Establishment of the Children and Families Agency” in Japan, employing the Advocacy Coalition Framework(ACF). Led by young members of the LDP, these new organizational frameworks garnered attention in the policy agenda. The proposal aims to better address the needs of children and families in Japan by promoting a more unified and comprehensive approach to social welfare and health policy. LDP's coalition of young lawmakers engaged in policy-oriented learning by involving experts and cross-party Diet members. Through policy-oriented learning conducted by the advocacy coalition comprised of both ruling and opposition parties, the Act for Establishment of the Children and Families Agency as a government bill and the Basic Act on the Child as a legislative initiative were successfully achieved.

This report introduces the efforts of Yamato Transport Co., Ltd. as a case study of life support services provided by a logistics provider. The efforts offer several advantages including the ability to establish life support service centers alongside the widely covered courier centers, the opportunity to leverage the experience of drivers who are familiar with residents' living conditions due to their regional rounds in the logistics industry, and the potential to create a new platform for their valuable expertise. However, it remains uncertain how effectively the deployment of centers by logistics providers can cover residential areas and contribute to the creation of reassuring living environments for residents. Such studies are expected to contribute as essential foundational resources when discussing the effective and efficient formation of communities, especially in the context of improving residents' quality of life in an aging society.

This study aims to clarify the actual situation and issues of reconstruction support workers in Fukushima Prefecture, which has established a large number of reconstruction support workers and has also established the largest number of reconstruction support workers in recent years. Through this study, we found that the activities of reconstruction supporters are recognized as contributing to the recovery of disaster victims and affected areas, that the increase in the number of immigrants, exchange and related populations, and maintenance and revitalization of communities, which were identified as issues in the recovery from the nuclear disaster, can be resolved by using the reconstruction supporters system, that reconstruction supporters in their own cities, towns, and villages are aware that they want to be involved in the recovery from the nuclear disaster, and that they are willing to end their tenure of office. The survey also revealed that the supporters of their own municipality want to be involved in the recovery from the nuclear disaster and are seeking support after their term of office ends, such as job placement, assistance in acquiring qualifications, and support for starting a business.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual situation and future issues of migration policy in 12 municipalities where residents were forced to evacuate from their hometowns due to the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident. Based on the results of a questionnaire survey conducted on the 12 municipalities and a case study conducted on Kawauchi Village, it has become clear that there are many issues to be resolved in order to promote migration, including housing and employment, although the 12 municipalities have been promoting migration policies targeting the younger generation. This study pointed out that it is necessary to improve systems such as the Fukushima Revitalization Acceleration Subsidy and Migration Promotion Projects to solve problems concerning housing and employment, and to improve the organizational structure that operates these systems.

This study aimed to clarify the conditions for efficient library layout from a wide area perspective. This facility layout analysis was conducted by setting a target level as a measure of the services to be provided equitably and four facility layout scenarios based on a location normalization plan developed by several municipalities and the accessibility of libraries in other municipalities. The results revealed that relocating libraries to urban function induction areas is an effective way to achieve an efficient library layout. Thus, municipalities are required to develop library layout plans that take into account the improved accessibility of libraries in other municipalities when they are relocated within urban function induction areas with convenient public transport access.

Torinosu peninsula has been designated as an extension area of Yoshino Kumano National Park in September 2015. After that, improvement of landscape conservation and community development are expected to be conducted in near future. However, the awareness of environmental conservation is still under a low level. The purpose of this study is to figure out the past and present situation of land use of Torinosu, to clarify the connectivity of land use change and human living, to explore the age of landowner, household population, successor etc. Based on above, we pick up several issues that Torinosu village will be faced with on the way to a sustainable development. Such as the loss of land use and bio-diversity due to the aging of landowners and the decline of agriculture. It is necessary to deepen the understanding of the villagers' biodiversity and seek cooperation in conservation activities.

Urban decarbonization is based on the relationship that cities with higher population densities have lower automobile CO2 emissions. However, changes in automobile CO2 emissions over time must be observed to reduce vehicle CO2 emissions. Therefore, this study examines whether urban compactness contributes to reducing automobile CO2 emissions by clarifying the long-term evolution of automobile CO2 emissions from 1987 to 2021, considering changes in transportation behavior due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We used the National Person Trip Survey to see their long-term transition from 1987 to 2021. Results indicated that due to the COVID-19 pandemic, overall emissions decreased from 2015 to 2021, reversing the overall trend of increasing automobile CO2 emissions up to 2015. Furthermore, the existence of other factors besides population density, such as urban structure, as a factor contributing to changes in automobile CO2 emissions.

The purpose of this paper is to identify new values in Machizukuri in response to changing social values. (This is the third report in the series.) In this study, we interviewed practitioners of Machizukuri in Ishinomaki to identify values that are not generally articulated. The results of the survey confirmed that the activities pursued by interviewees in Ishinomaki in pursuit of "living" encompassed seven new values in addition to the existing values of Machizukuri. They used vacant houses as a means to support prospective migrants, and as a result, discovered the value of living while interacting with the local nature and society. This raises the question of how people can live in a town that has been drastically changed by a disaster, and how reconstruction Machizukuri should be carried out.

With the enactment of the revised Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, the Important Preservation District of Historic Buildings will establish a "Preservation and Practical Plan". In the future, we will apply for the preservation plan including practical plan. This research clarifies the future direction of preservation and utilization based on the current state of the Important Preservation District of Historic Buildings and the actual state of preservation and practical. As a direction for the future, we are finding migration promotion as one of the measures.

This research aims to examine who used urban green spaces and how it related to health and well-being of urban residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. We performed binominal logistic regression analyses, using a cross-sectional dataset of 4,126 adults living in Tokyo, Japan. The results revealed that those who used urban green spaces had better subjective wellbeing and physical activity than those who did not, which indicating that urban green spaces played a certain role in supporting people's living during the crisis. However, the magnitude of its contribution differed depending on the type of users and the types of urban green spaces. It is important to create walkable neighborhoods that had a diverse mix of urban green spaces to ensures accessibility to urban green spaces for diverse people.

The Canterbury Earthquake caused extensive damage to the Christchurch city center. Through interviews with Christchurch City Council, a literature review of Central City Recovery Plan, and field research, this paper outlines the contents of the recovery plan and reports on the status of plan implementation as of September 2023, 12 years after the earthquake. In order to concentrate reconstruction efforts on the city center, Frame, Core, and 17 priority projects have been established to create a compact and well-defined city, with the creation of several large bases on the periphery of Frame and low-rise buildings within Frame. The Design Guides that support the realization of the reconstruction plan has been used to create a meticulous design of public spaces that facilitate pedestrian circulation.

This case study report focuses on the Nada-Chuo-Itiba Market in Kobe City and clarifies the historical evolution of the subject site, the process leading to the development of the open space by temporary use and its progress as a market up to the present. Next, the actual use of open space by temporary use by local activities is clarified in terms of groups, content and location. The involvement of the groups and individuals in the target area with the open space by temporary use and their attitudes towards the establishment of open space by temporary use will then be clarified. From the above, the role of open space by temporary use in the target area in terms of disaster prevention and community activities in town planning is clarified, and future issues are discussed.

I examined the construction of a simple landscape evaluation method that uses existing no-code machine-learning software. Specifically, I targeted rural areas near urban areas, extracted image data from footage captured with an action camera (GoPro), and then attempted image classification and object detection by using no-code machine-learning software. I was able to distinguish, with sufficient accuracy, the differences between traditional private houses in existing villages and houses created from subdivisions. If conditions such as the angle of the image differed, erroneous judgments could occur. However, by point visualization using object detection, I was able to infer which landscape elements influenced such misjudgments. In the conclusion to my report, I summarize the points of view that are essential to solving a series of issues, and I provide future prospects.

In recent years, promoting the creation of vibrant downtown areas around stations to encourage a comfortable and walkable environment, forming a walkable town, has become crucial. While various walkable activities are taking place around JR stations in Shiga Prefecture, the escalating frequency and severity of natural disasters require a focus on disaster prevention and mitigation. This study targets the JR station surroundings in Shiga Prefecture, known nationally for advanced watershed management. It aims to assess safety based on flood risks and geographical conditions, providing analysis and insights for achieving safe and compact urban development around stations. Facility location analysis within a 1km radius of 24 stations in the northern part of Shiga Prefecture identifies areas suitable for urban development within walking distance, revealing geographical features and challenges in four northern cities. It becomes evident that, despite ample habitable land in some station surroundings, the risk of water-related disasters hinders urban expansion.

abstract Based on a study conducted in 2022 in Shiga Prefecture, Japan, this paper examines the impact of rural experiential programs on fostering a sense of belonging and engagement among participants, contributing to the creation of a "related population." The research focuses on a 5-day agricultural and rural experience program called the "Shiga Hometown Support Team Project." Through surveys and interviews, the study reveals that participants experienced a positive change in their attitudes toward rural areas, a greater appreciation for local products, and a willingness to engage in future regional activities. This suggests the potential of such programs to facilitate related population development and strengthen rural communities.

This paper explores the dynamics of urban redevelopment and socio-economic diversity in major commercial districts using mobile phone location data. Focusing on central areas of Tokyo, Osaka, and other key cities in Japan, the study analyzes visitor residence characteristics. Employing KDDI Location Analyzer tool, the research investigates population flows, social-economic ranks of residential area, and residence distances. Findings reveal a nuanced diversity of visitor residence ranks, suggesting that urban redevelopment efforts have maintained socio-economic diversity. The study contributes valuable insights for urban planning and community development.

The purpose of this study is to understand the status of public space utilization in the utilization of public space from the Urban Revitalization and Development Plan, and to clarify the trend of multiple utilization of public space and its distribution in the central city area. We surveyed the distribution of "utilized space" and public space in districts where multiple public spaces are utilized, and clarified the trend and distribution of multiple public space utilization in the central urban areas of regional cities. When multiple public spaces are utilized in a regional city center, it is considered effective to consider the location of public spaces within the district and to ensure that the "utilization space" and public spaces are distributed throughout the district.

In local cities, older people who have difficulty using automobiles face problems in their daily lives.Therefore, walkable cities need to be created where people can live safely on foot. To create walkable cities in regional cities, it is necessary to construct a network of people-centered streets with a high "place function" that induces human activity. In this study, we presented a method for identifying people-centered streets in Shimoda City using land use, landscape elements, and elements that encourage people to stroll and stay along the streets as indicators of place function. We clarified the road network's characteristics for forming a Walkable City.

This study is based on the hypothesis that in areas where area based management is conducted for a long period of time after the area based vision is formulated, the establishment of a promotion system, etc. for the realization of the area based vision will be established, The objective of this study is to organize the transition of "vision management" in each area and to clarify the trends, targeting metropolitan urban centers where area based management is conducted based on area based visions. As a result of the research, it became clear that the area based vision should be detailed and supplemented by flexible vision formation and the development of related manuals in accordance with changes in social conditions and other factors. It also became clear that new area based management organizations may be established.

The purpose of this paper is to find new values in Machizukuri in response to the changing values of society. (This is the third report in the series.) In this study, we conducted an interview survey of practitioners of reconstruction Machizukuri in Sumita Town, Iwate Prefecture, in cooperation with the community hosting temporary housing. As a result of attempts to extract and verbalize new values, six new values of Machizukuri were identified. In the temporary housing in Sumita Town, a relationship of trust was established between the host community and the disaster victims, influenced by a sense of hometownship, sharing the same watershed and culture, and the location, scale, and design of the temporary housing. The activities of volunteers and regular support groups (Yu-Support) were based on this relationship of trust. The case of Sumida Town, which enriches the community by supporting difficult community together, demonstrates the potential for sustainable local Machizukuri and solutions to issues in the global world.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the functional characteristics and the characteristics of the formation process of the physical assets in the "Innovation District" of the city center. Based on a literature review, we summarized the uses and functions of the buildings and surrounding facilities to be developed, as well as the entities, periods, and methods of the development projects. In the conclusion, we clarified the bias and functional flexibility of the elements formed by private real estate projects, and the characteristics in the formation and areal development of physical assets.

Irrigation ponds not only provide water for agriculture but also serve a variety of other functions, such as creating waterfront space, regulating floods during heavy rainfall, and preserving biodiversity. Reservoirs are important habitats for urban organisms, and their preservation is an urgent issue, not only from the viewpoint of preserving urban ecosystems but also from the viewpoint of the symbiosis between people and nature in cities. In this study, we examined the relationship between the number of aquatic species inhabiting 33 reservoirs in Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture, and surrounding land use.The study used data from biological survey reports from 2007 to 2023 and land use meshes from the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan. This study suggested that agricultural land use and land-use diversity around reservoirs may have affected the high number of aquatic species inhabiting them.