Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
Online ISSN : 1347-5215
Print ISSN : 0918-6158
ISSN-L : 0918-6158
17 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の27件中1~27を表示しています
  • 財津 潔, 木村 佳正, 大倉 洋甫
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 763-766
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    An anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatographic method using a TSKgel DEAE-2SW column and zone electrophoresis using a fused-silica capillary are described for the preparative and analytical separations of the products of the reaction between insulin and exo-3, 6-epoxy-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (ETPA), an amino protective reagent. Four stable products were identified having exo-3, 6-epoxy-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydrophthalyl group (s) on insulin at the i) Gly (A1), ii) Gly (A1) and Phe (B1), iii) Gly (A1) and Lys (B29), and iv) Gly (A1), Phe (B1) and Lys (B29) sites, together with four labile products produced by the reaction of ETPA with the non-amino groups of the stable products. The usefulness of capillary electrophoresis was demonstrated in the evaluation of the effect of the molar ratios of anhydride to insulin on the production of the insulin derivatives.
  • 藤本 貞毅, 河上 奈保子, 小原 晃
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 767-772
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Incubation of phorbormyristate acetate-stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) with phenylalanine and salicylate induced significant levels of formation of o- and m-tyrosines, and 2, 3- and 2, 5-dihydroxybenzoates (DHBAs), respectively, dependent on reaction time. Aromatic hydroxylation reactions were not inhibited by desferrioxamine, nor were they affected by the removal of trace iron ion contamination from the buffer solution used by treatment with conalbumin. Hydroxylation reactions were largely blocked by superoxide dismutase and hydroxyl radical (OH·) scavengers. The results of the present study suggest that the generation of OH· by human PMNs occurs during the respiratory burst. Hydroxylation of both phenylalanine and salicylate by stimulated human PMNs were significantly accelerated by incubation in the presence of the reduced form of glutathione (GSH). Hydroxylation of phenylalanine by stimulated guinea pig PMNs in the presence of GSH was significantly inhibited by desferrioxamine, although the same hydroxylation in the absence of GSH was not affected. Hydroxylation of phenylalanine by the hypoxanthine (HX)-xanthine oxidase (XO) system by intact PMNs was significantly accelerated by the addition of GSH, although that in the absence of PMNs was largely inhibited. Desferrioxamine showed an inhibitory effect on hydroxylation by the HX-XO system in the presence, but not in the absence, of intact PMNs. The results suggest that the formation of OH· by stimulated PMNs is accelerated by GSH, based on the occurrence of the Harber-Weiss reaction catalyzed by transition metal ions liberated and reduced by GSH from PMNs, and by the effective accumulation of H2O2 by the GSH-induced inhibition of catalase.
  • 趙 春菊, 小橋 恭一
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 773-778
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Urethane is potentially carcinogenic and teratogenic to human and has been reported to be a contaminant of various kinds of alcoholic beverages. Enzymatic removal of urethane is one possible approach to remove this cancer-causing chemical from alcoholic beverages. Among Bacillus licheniformis strains, IFO 12107 showed the highest urethane hydrolyzing activity when cultivated in a urethane-containing white medium. The enzyme was purified about 300-fold by means of several chromatographic steps to homogeneity. The enzyme activity was strongly inhibited by batho- and o-phenanthroline. The complete loss of enzyme activity following treatment with bathophenanthroline was fully restored by the addition of Fe3+ at a ratio of 4 iron atoms to 1 mol apoenzyme. This result was obtained by the incorporation of 59Fe3+ into apourethanase. ESR spectroscopy showed that the enzyme contained a typical high-spin Fe3+. The urethanase hydrolyzed carbamyl ester derivatives more rapidly than amide derivatives. The molecular weight of the native enzyme was about 160 kDa (gel-filtration), and that of the subunit was 42 kDa (sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE). This shows the enzyme to be a homotetramer. The pI and Km values were 5.5 and 0.17 mM, respectively. The enzyme was considerably resistant to high concentrations of ethanol, which is a great advantage for the industrial removal of urethane from alcoholic beverages.
  • 神戸 敏江, 土屋 香誉子, 堀 誠, 柳沼 慧, 村上 裕子, 水野 左敏, 上原 至雅
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 779-783
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    To evaluate ras-mediated signal transduction, we constructed a transient transfection assay system that measures chloramphenicol acetyl transferase activity expressed under the transcriptional-enhancer elements responsive to ras, protein kinase C, and protein kinase A in NIH3T3 cells. Characterization of the assay system with several known activators and inhibitors of signal transduction pathways proved that our system could reliably evaluate agents that affect individual pathways. Pirarubicin ((2"R)-4'-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin, THP), which has recently been found able to reverse ras-transformed cells, appeared to selectively inhibit the ras signal transduction pathway.
  • 添田 秦司, 大曲 祐介, 占野 廣司, 永松 淳雄
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 784-788
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Fucoidan, a sulfated poly (L-fucopyranose), is an effective anticoagulant in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, an aminated derivative of fucoidan was prepared and examined for its fibrinolytic and anticoagulant activities. The aminated derivative was more potent than native fucoidan as a stimulator of tissue plasminogen activator-induced plasma clot lysis, and its effectiveness was comparable to that of oversulfated fucoidan reported previously. Furthermore, the ability of aminated fucoidan to accelerate heparin cofactor II-mediated thrombin inhibition was 2.3 times more potent than that of native fucoidan. Aminated fucoidan effectively prevented endotoxin-induced hepatic vein thrombosis in hyperlipemic rats and decreased the elevated levels of serum cholesterol and triglyceride. The present results that the anticoagulant and antilipemic potency of fucoidan can be improved by charge modification may provide useful clues for the development of an ideal anticoagulant and antilipemic drug.
  • 金澤 治男, 藤本 貞毅, 小原 晃
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 789-793
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    An inactivation mechanism of active papain (EC 3. 4. 22. 2) by the Cu2+-ascorbic acid (AsA) system was examined. Incubation of active papain, which contains an active sulfhydryl (SH) group, with the Cu2+-AsA system under aerobic conditions resulted in an irreversible loss of enzyme activity. The enzyme was not inactivated at a molar ratio of enzyme to Cu2+ of 1 : <1, whereas at a molar ratio of 1 : 1-2, the extent of inactivation showed the same dependence on the extent of oxidation of AsA. Saturation kinetics were observed with respect to the concentration of AsA. The degree of inactivation was dependent on the decrease in SH content of the enzyme. Catalase at a low concentration partially protected the enzyme from inactivation, but did not affect the oxidation of AsA. In addition, catalase at a high concentration completely protected both the enzyme from inactivation and AsA from oxidation. The present results suggest that an additional function of H2O2, besides producing hydroxyl radicals (·OH), is to promote the conversion of Cu+ into Cu2+, and that an active SH group of papain is site-specifically modified by the ·OH, resulting in inactivation of the enzyme.
  • 岡崎 紀子, 津田 正明, / 土屋 友房, Tomofusa TSUCHIYA
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 794-797
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The lactose transport system of Citrobacter freundii was characterized. Both the lactose transport system and β-galactosidase were induced with either lactose or isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), the latter being the better inducer. The Km values for methyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (TMG) transport and lactose transport were 0.61 mM and 1.1 mM, respectively, and the Vmax values were 53 nmol/min/mg cell protein and 12 nmol/min/mg cell protein, respectively. Thus, TMG is a better substrate than lactose. Thiodigalactopyranoside (TDG) was a very potent competitive inhibitor. Neither Na+ nor Li+ had a significant effect on the TMG transport or the lactose transport. Proton/substrate cotransport (symport) via this system was observed.
  • 斉田 哲也, 松永 尚, 山本 裕士, 南雲 文夫, 藤戸 博, 森 昌斗, 片野 光男
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 798-802
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    A new type of antitumor polyacetylenic alcohol, panaxytriol, was isolated from the roots of Panax ginseng C. A. MEYER. A highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the determination of panaxytriol was developed, which is capable of measuring as low as 25.6 pg/ml. Anti-panaxytriol antibody was obtained by immunizing rabbits with panaxytriol conjugated with bovine serum albumin using the N-succinimidyl ester method. An enzyme marker was similarly prepared by coupling panaxytriol with horseradish peroxidase. The specificity of this ELISA seems to be primarily toward both the glycol moiety and the diacetylene moiety of the panaxytriol, showing a slight cross-reaction with the other panaxytriol analogues which are structurally different only in C-9, 10 positions, but no cross-reaction with the 1, 2-decanediol or 3-nonyn-1-ol. The values for panaxytriol concentration detected by this assay were comparable with those detected by the gas chromatography method. The ELISA was about 5000 times more sensitive in detecting panaxytriol. Using this assay, panaxytriol levels were easily determined in the blood of rats. The ELISA may be a valuable tool for studies of the biological and pharmacological properties of the polyacetylenic alcohol, panaxytriol.
  • 成松 鎭雄, 桝渕 泰宏, 細川 晋, 大森 栄, 北田 光一, 鈴木 徳治
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 803-807
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The oxidative metabolism of bunitrolol, an adrenergic β-receptor antagonist was examined in human liver microsomes fortified with an NADPH-generating system. The microsomal fractions (n=11) showed bunitrolol 4-hydroxylase activities, which correlated well with CYP2D6 contents (correlation coefficient, r=0.854), debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase (r=0.953) and imipramine 2-hydroxylase (r=0.976) activities. On the other hand, the bunitrolol 4-hydroxylase activity showed relatively poor correlations with CYP3A4 content (r=0.552) and testosterone 6β-hydroxylase activity (r=0.668). The bunitrolol 4-hydroxylase activity was significantly inhibited by quinidine, a selective inhibitor for CYP2D6. Polyclonal antibodies raised against rat liver microsomal cytochrome P450BTL, which is thought to belong to the CYP2D subfamily, effectively inhibited bunitrolol 4-hydroxylation. In contrast, polyclonal antibodies raised against human liver microsomal CYP3A4 did not show any inhibitory effect on the activity. These results suggest that CYP2D6 is involved in the bunitrolol 4-hydroxylase activity in human liver microsomes.
  • 大滝 由美子, 野村 政明, 飛田 龍人, 宮本 謙一, 蟹谷 昌尚, 会澤 辰男, 油田 正樹
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 808-814
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effects of gomisin A, a lignan compound of Schizandra fruits, on hepatocarcinogenesis induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-MeDAB) in rats were investigated. Gomisin A inhibited both increases of the number and size of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive foci, a marker enzyme of preneoplasm, and the population of diploid nuclei, as a proliferative state of hepatocytes, in the liver from rats simultaneously treated with 3'-MeDAB. Gomisin A increased GST activity in the liver, by raising the level of GST 1 and 2 isozymes. 3'-MeDAB increased GST activity and GST-P expression. This high level of GST-P induced by 3'-MeDAB was suppressed by additional treatment with gomisin A. In an experiment on simultaneous treatment, gomisin A increased the biliary excretion of 3'-MeDAB-related aminoazo dyes and decreased the content in the liver of rats fed with 0.06%-3'-MeDAB containing diet. In an experiment on pretreatment with 3'-MeDAB, even though no aminoazo dye was detectable in the liver or bile 2-weeks after cessation of 3'-MeDAB-feeding, gomisin A showed a tendency to reduce the preneoplastic changes of increases in GST-P positive foci and diploid nuclei in the liver. These results suggest that gomisin A inhibits the hepatocarcinogenesis induced by 3'-MeDAB by enhancing the excretion of the carcinogen from the liver and by reversing the normal cytokinesis.
  • 野島 一宏, 磯上 千穂, 伊藤 久昭, 川口 明廣
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 815-818
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Suspended particulates collected in Yokohama, Japan over various 24-h periods were found to cause the photochemical epoxidation of aldrin to dieldrin in good yield. trans-Stilbene did not undergo the epoxidation. Upon irradiation of aldrin together with the suspended particulates in quasi-air consisting of 18O2. 100% incorporation of 18O into dieldrin was obtained. Thus, the oxygen atom in dieldrin originated not from the particulates, but from oxygen in air.
  • 野島 一宏, 磯上 千穂, 伊藤 幸成, 高橋 康浩, 小橋 美奈子
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 819-822
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The reaction of styrene with sodium hypochlorite in the presence of ammonium ion in 0.3 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) at room temperature afforded N-chloro-1-phenyl-2-chloroethylamine and N, N-dichloro-1-phenyl-2-chloroethylamine. 1-Phenyl-2-chloroethylamine hydrochloride, obtained as the reduction product of the two N-chloroamines, was shown to be mutagenic in the Salmonella typhimurium test.
  • 前田 光子, 川崎 紘一, 真弓 忠範, 高橋 正克, 金戸 洋
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 823-825
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The hybrid of poly (ethylene glycol) and [D-Ala2] Leu-enkephalin was prepared by the solution method and its antinociceptive effect and inhibitory effect on the electrically induced contractions of mouse vas deferens were examined. The hybrid was synthesized by the coupling of Boc-Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-Leu-OH and amino-poly (ethylene glycol), followed by trifluoroacetic acid treatment. The hybrid showed more potent antinociceptive activity in mice and 120 times higher inhibitory activity in mouse vas deferens preparation than intact [D-Ala2] Leu-enkephalin.
  • 畑中 朋美, 片山 和憲, 小泉 保, 杉林 堅次, 森本 雍憲
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 826-830
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The potential of an in vitro skin preparation as a model for predicting in vivo percutaneous absorption of drugs was examined. In vitro and in vivo skin permeation data for two model drugs with different lipophilicity, isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) and morphine hydrochloride (MPH), were compared using pharmacokinetic techniques. In vitro permeation data published previously were analyzed based on a single pathway model, and permeation parameters were obtained. The disposition parameters were estimated from the plasma concentration profiles after i.v. administration. The plasma concentrations after topical application were then simulated using the obtained permeation and disposition parameters, and the values were compared with the corresponding observed ones. Although the simulated plasma concentration curves were not greatly different from those observed, there were some differences in the time course-pattern. Causes for these in vitro-in vivo differences were discussed.
  • 王 〓, 益子 高, 上野 浩尚, 橋本 嘉幸
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 831-835
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    AB-6 monoclonal antibody (mAb) against bovine serum albumin (BSA) was coupled with β-alanine or n-propylamine using a heterobifunctional cross-linking reagent, N-(ε-maleimidocaproyloxy) succinimide (EMCS) and a linker, poly-L-cysteine to introduce acidic or hydrophobic groups into the mAb. The mAb molecules coupled with β-alanine at lower than 1 : 16 molar ratios and those coupled with n-propylamine at 1 : 14 retained the original reactivity to BSA but modification with higher amounts of β-alanine or n-propylamine decreased the reactivity. In contrast, nonspecific bindings of AB-6 mAb to a plastic culture plate and tumor (MDA-MB-453) cells were decreased by modification with β-alanine and increased by n-propylamine. These results suggested that introduction of acidic groups, and hydrophobic groups to antibody leads to fluctuations in the non-specific binding of antibody.
  • 吉原 一博, 持留 成年, 原 孝司, 長田 悟, 高山 景範, 永田 稔
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 836-839
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The urinary excretion levels of hydroxylysine glycosides [Hyl-Gs ; O-β-D-Galactopyranosylhydroxylysine (GH) and 2-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-O-β-D-galactopyranosylhydroxylysine (GGH)], provide a new index of collagen metabolism. The determination of urinary hydroxylysine glycoside excretion levels was applied to 20 osteoporotic patients and 208 healthy control subjects (69 females and 139 males) in order to evaluate the conditions of bone collagen metabolism. Urinary Hyl-Gs were analyzed by the method of pre-column fluorescent derivatized HPLC. Compared to the age and sex-adjusted control, the urinary excretion levels of hydroxylysine glycosides, especially GH, in osteoporotic patients were significantly higher than in the age and sex-adjusted control, and the urinary GGH/GH ratio was lower. Sixteen of the 20 patients whose Hyl-Gs levels we followed exhibited significantly lower values after 200 d compared to the initial levels. These results suggest that clinical therapeutics affected the bone resorption and, therefore, demonstrated the usefulness of determining urinary excretion levels of Hyl-Gs for evaluating the conditions of bone metabolism.
  • 吉原 一博, 根本 滋, 永田 稔
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 840-842
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP), an intermolecular cross-linking amino acid, is present only in bone and cartilage collagen. We examined urinary HP levels in order to assess bone collagen metabolism using HPLC. Urinary HP excretion levels (nmol/mmol creatinine) of healthy control groups gradually increased with aging. Urinary HP excretion levels of females were higher than those of age-adjusted males. On the other hand, the urinary excretion levels of HP in osteoporotic patients were significantly higher than those of age and sex-adjusted controls. It is suggested that the determination of urinary HP excretion levels is useful in the clinical evaluation of metabolic bone diseases, especially osteoporosis.
  • 粟田 則男, 鳥羽 文緒, 安藤 昌幸, 嶋田 斉, 宮入 伸一, 加藤 豊明, 後藤 順一, 南原 利夫
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 843-845
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Immunoaffinity extraction of 4-hydroxy-2-(4-methylphenyl) benzothiazole and its metabolites, together with the corresponding meta-isomers has been achieved by the use of an antibody raised against an immunogen, an O-carboxymethyloxime-bovine serum albumin conjugate of 4-hydroxy-2-(4-formylphenyl) benzothiazole. The antibody produced exhibited a broad spectrum of affinity, not only for metabolites oxidized at the 4-methyl group of the benzene moiety but also for the corresponding meta-isomers. Up to 4 μg in total of these benzothiazoles could be extracted on the immunoaffinity adsorbent and recovered almost quantitatively by elution with 90% methanol. The resulting chromatogram was free from any interference. The eluted compounds were derivatized by conversion to their methyl esters and/or trimethylsilyl ethers, and subsequently separated into individual benzothiazoles by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The derivatized compounds were monitored using a characteristic ion, [M-CH3]+, and the limit of detection was 10 fmole. The peak height ratio of each metabolite to its corresponding meta-isomer internal standard was plotted against the concentration of the former and good linearity was observed over the range 0.2-5 ng/ml.
  • 高谷 芳明, 内沢 秀光, 松江 一, 奥崎 文一, 鳴海 文昭, 佐々木 甚一, 石田 邦夫
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 846-849
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Squid ink, which has little commercial use and is usually discarded, was extracted using a Tris-HCl buffer (pH 6.8). The extract was fractionated using DEAE Sephacel ion-exchange chromatography and Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration to give a peptidoglycan fraction which exhibited strong antitumor activity against Meth-A fibrosarcoma in BALB/c mice following intraperitoneal administration. The fraction was composed of 7.8% peptide, 57% polysaccharide and 30% pigment. The polysaccharide component had a unique structure with equimolar ratios of GlcA, GalNAc and Fuc. Since the fraction has no direct cytotoxic effect on Meth-A cells, inhibition of tumor growth may be due to stimulation of host-mediated responses.
  • 小濱 靖弘, 田中 啓詞, 高江 慎一, 仙波 太郎, 刀根 秀樹, 伊東 進, 稲田 昭, 中西 勤, 三村 務
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 850-852
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    It has been found that Bacillus stearothermophilus UK563-derived immunosuppressant fraction (Fr. 5-B) consists of 1, 3-diacylglycerols with saturated iso- and anteiso-type fatty acids (C14 : 0-C18 : 0) as major components. The compound, 1, 3-di-14-methylpentadecanoyl glycerol (1, 3-diiso C16 : 0 G), was synthesized and its effect on T cell proliferation was investigated together with its related isofatty acids. While 1, 3-diiso C16 : 0 G, iso C16 : 0, iso C17 : 0, iso C17 : 0methyl ester (OMe) and anteiso C17 : 0 OMe suppressed the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) of C57BL/6 against BALB/c mice, iso C15 : 0, 1, 3-acylglycerols with normal C16 : 0, C16 : 1 and C18 : 0 did not, suggesting that the presence of isofatty acids with a certain chain length may be essential for the suppression of MLR. 1, 3-Diiso C16 : 0 G and iso C16 : 0 strongly inhibited the autologous MLR of mesenteric lymph node cells against self-antigen presenting cells in MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mice, but had no effect on concanavalin A-induced T cell proliferation.
  • 岡部 亘雄, 吉井 裕美
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 853-855
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The denaturation of egg yolk low-density lipoprotein (LDL) induced by guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) has been investigated by using circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence measurements. The transition curves were obtained from changes of the residue ellipticity at 222 nm and the fluorescence intensity of the aromatic residues, tyrosine and fluorescence. Different transition curves were obtained at the molarities of GdnHCl between 2 and 6 M, and between 1 and 4 M from the CD and the fluorescence measurements, respectively. The noncoincidence of the transition curves as well as the asymmetry of the transition curve obtained from the fluorescence measurements suggests that the denaturation process of LDL consists of several transition states. A very low apparent free energy of denaturation (ΔGH2Oapp=3.0 kcalmol-1) obtained by CD data suggests that LDL has an unstable folded structure in its native state.
  • 廣田 和弘, 佐々木 健二
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 856-858
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Incubation of hemoglobin (Hb, 2 mM as heme) with phenylhydrazine (PH, 5-20 mM) under aerobic conditions produced hematinic acid (HA), one of the oxidatively degraded pyrroles derived from protoporphyrin in Hb. However, incubation with H2O2 resulted in a much lower production of HA. HA was determined by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) after derivatization to the methyl ester. HA produced by PH was dependent on PH concentration and on incubation time. The maximal yield of HA was 18.8×10-4% in the reaction with 20 mM of PH for 2 h. Degraded compounds (not identified) other than HA derived from porphyrin were observed on TLC of the mixture after the reaction. Oxidation of ferrous ion and the globin of Hb by PH, which causes alternation of Hb, have been made on the mechanism responsible for the acquisition of the hemolytic activity of PH. Our findings regarding HA production reveal that the porphyrin of Hb is added to the sites oxidized. This is discussed in relation to the hemolysis.
  • 友田 正司, 権田 良子, 大原 直子, 清水 訓子, 宍戸 千穂, 藤木 結花
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 859-861
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    A glucan, called pinellian G, was isolated from the tuber of Pinellia ternata BREIT. It was homogeneous on electrophoresis and gel chromatography, and its molecular mass was westimated to be 1.5×104. It is composed solely of D-glucose, in addition to a few O-acetyl groups. Methylation analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance and enzymic degradation studies indicated that it is a branched glucan mainly composed of α-1, 4-linked D-glucopyranose residues with partially α-1, 3-linked units and 4, 6-branching points. The glucan showed significant reticuloendothelial system-potentiating activity in a carbon clearance test, as well as pronounced anti-complementary activity.
  • 岸 勢子, 瀬川 美秀, 山口 正義
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 862-865
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effect of β-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc (AHZ), in which zinc is chelated to β-alanyl-L-histidine, on bone loss was investigated in the femur of ovariectomized rats. AHZ (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg/d) was orally administered to ovariectomized rats for 3 months. Ovariectomy significantly decreased the estradiol concentration in the serum as compared with that from sham-operated rats. This decrease was not altered by the dose of AHZ. The bone ash weight and mineral density in the femur of ovariectomized rats significantly decreased in comparison with those from sham-operated rats. Moreover, the trabecular bone at the femoral metaphysis was clearly decreased by ovariectomy. The decreases in the femoral ash content and mineral density and the metaphyseal trabecular bone were clearly prevented by the tested doses of AHZ (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg/d). The present finding with histomorphological study further supports the view that the administration of AHZ can prevent bone loss by ovariectomy.
  • 張 永祥, 高科 謙, 齋藤 洋, 西山 信好
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 866-868
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effects of DX-9386, a traditional Chinese prescription (ginseng, acorus, polygala and hoelen) were studied on life span, the degree of senescence, motor activity and the antibody production response in senescence accelerated mouse (SAM). DX-9386-containing food was given to SAM for 13 consecutive months from 2 months of age. DX-9386 significantly prolonged the life span of SAM, prevented body weight decrease with aging and tended to improve the senile syndrome. The motor activity of SAMP8 was higher than that of SAMR1, and DX-9386 tended to increase the activity in SAMP8. The in vivo antibody production was markedly decreased in SAMP8 and DX-9386 showed no ameliorating effect on that. These results suggest that DX-9386 has anti-aging impact.
  • 横澤 隆子, 辻 厚年, 前田 等, 服部 征雄
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 869-870
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Female rats were given Hokoei-to orally to investigate its effects on hormones. Progesterone and estradiol levels fell markedly in ovariectomized young rats. Administration of Hokoei-to for 25 d produced increased levels of hormones in these rats. A similar effect was found in parous rats, demonstrating replacement of the lost female hormones after Hokoei-to administration.
  • 深田 真, 林 泰司, 照井 潤, 須藤 純一
    1994 年 17 巻 6 号 p. 871-873
    発行日: 1994/06/15
    公開日: 2008/04/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    To explore the mechanism responsible for puromycin aminonucleoside induced-nephrotoxicity, metal content was preliminarily investigated in the kidneys of rats that had received a single subcutaneous injection of the agent (80 mg/kg body weight). In the group that received this agent, the renal content of Fe rose on days 5, 10, and 15 ; that of Cu fell on days 10 and 15 ; that of Zn rose on day 5 ; that of Se fell on day 10 ; there were no changes in Mn throughout the experimental period. Providing that these findings directly involved the renal activities of superoxide dismutases and glutathione peroxidase, the renal reduction of Cu and Se gave proof counter to previous findings of an enzymatic protective system against possible attacks by the oxygen radicals.
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