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Koji Suzuki, Motohiro Fujita
2007Volume 42.3 Pages
906-
Published: October 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2017
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The authors analyzed the consciousnesses and behaviors of residents on on street parking with enforcing revision of road traffic law by using the before-after survey. As the result of this study, it is revealed that the revised law was highly evaluated by both the elderly residents and the residents living where the crackdown on illegal parking is strengthened. On the other hand, it is found that the persons, who park a car on a street for a short time or move to city center for business purposes, gave low evaluations for the revised law. In addition, it became clear that further considerations of setting the area and time zone that tighten the crackdown on illegal parking is necessary.
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Akira Ando, Takayuki Morikawa, Tomio Miwa, Toshiyuki Yamamoto
2007Volume 42.3 Pages
907-912
Published: October 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2017
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Road pricing(RP)is regarded as the most effective measure to solve the traffic congestion in urban areas, but the difficulty of forming a consensus among the stakeholders has become an obstacle to the implementation of RP in Japan. Nagoya University has proposed a "Parking Deposit System (PDS)" as a new form of road pricing to which the public would be greatly receptive. A questionnaire survey of visitors to downtown Nagoya was conducted in November 2006 to ascertain the acceptability of RP and PDS. In the first place, this paper shows the structure of attitude on RP, which is conducted from the above questionnaire survey data, in the second place it describes the difference in attitude between pro-RP and anti-RP. In the last place, it discusses the acceptability of PDS with above structure model.
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Influence by pedestrians in groups and pedestrians using portable equipments
Yusuke Koido, Mitsuyuki Asano
2007Volume 42.3 Pages
913-918
Published: October 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2017
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We have learned there are various pedestrians in the city. Particularly, the pedestrian characteristics we found dominant were pedestrians in groups and ones using portable equipments. However, they cannot pay attention to what's going on around them, and unintentionally disrupt traffic. Therefore, it's necessary to reconsider the effects they have on the overall traffic. At this research, I have focused on observing pedestrians in groups and ones using portable equipments. I analyzed an actual pavement situation by taking a video. Thus, I clarified the influence of these pedestrians by showing the change in the level of service and comparing it with an existing one from the standpoints of the quality and the occurrence of the evasion behavior.
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Case study of the early-developed area in Tama New Town
Kiyoshi Takami, Yusuke Kizawa, Takashi Oguchi
2007Volume 42.3 Pages
919-924
Published: October 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2017
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Tama New Town was planned and developed considering the ease of living by walking and bicycle. The aging residents, however, will likely face inaccessibility problems because of the hilly environment, the declining of neighborhood centers and the relocation of activity opportunities. In the above background, this paper puts forward a method for measuring residents' accessibility to key daily activity opportunities by walking and bicycle in the way it can reflect the effect of individual attributes and topographical relief. Then the paper applies it to the early-developed area of Tama New Town and identifies districts where it is, or will be, difficult to access such activity opportunities by those modes, through the joint consideration of the aging trend of residents.
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Kouta Namba, Yasunori Muromachi
2007Volume 42.3 Pages
925-930
Published: October 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2017
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While the importance of physical activity such as walking for reducing the risk of lifestyle related disease is well understood, auto-dependence might decrease walking behavior during travel to work places or shopping centers. This study investigated the relationship between health condition indexed as body mass index (BMI) and built environment such as supply of sidewalks by conducting a questionnaire survey in four residential areas with different characteristics. According to our analysis, first, the relationship between commuting mode choice and BMI was confirmed. Second, the relationship between built environment and physical activity was detected, but the result supported the idea that the people who liked walking chose the built environment with better walking facilities, leading to the superficial relationship.
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Based on estimation of execution subjects for activities
Yuichi Kumaki, Norihiro Nakai, Masahiko Nakanishi
2007Volume 42.3 Pages
931-936
Published: October 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2017
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In recent years, stores in shopping streets and bus business in local cities cannot get enough returns. So they are making effort to activate their organization. This study focuses on cooperative activities between shopping street organizations and bus companies. Firstly, we examined the actual conditions of activities. Secondly, we developed their will and estimation toward activities by a question survey. Then, we searched for factors they can forward activities effectively. In result, 1) about 42% bus companies have had cooperative activities. 2) in most cases, they feel some effect of activation. 3) the longer they continue activities, the higher their estimation. In order to continue activities for a long time, shopping street organizations should promote activities positively, and bus companies should continue cooperative relationship positively.
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Insights from the experiences of the French urban transport authority(aotu)
Takeyuki Noguchi
2007Volume 42.3 Pages
937-942
Published: October 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2017
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France has a specific public organization called AOTU(Autorité organisatrice des transports urbains), responsible for transport services and elaboration of PDU(Plans de Déplacements Urbains). Shedding light on the institutional characteristics of AOTU, this paper analyses its decision making system in elaborating PDU. Particularly, AOTU's novelty lies in the combination of a pilot committee composed of polititians of local governments and a technical committee composed of representatives of parties concerned. Well-refined quality of PDU owes to the system of the collaboration of these two committees which determinethe basic content of the plan and define its details.
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Ayako Taniguchi, Haruna Suzuki, Tomohide Azami, Satoshi Fujii, Haruo I ...
2007Volume 42.3 Pages
943-948
Published: October 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2017
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In this study, we reviewed case studies concerning about workplace travel planning scheme implemented in Rome city and UK for the purpose of considering to adopt mobility management(MM) in workplace including university that is a large scale transportation demand generator. We focused on MM in university campus, and reviewed case studies of university in USA, UK and Japan which succeeded in adopting university bus as a measure for the university MM. The reason to focus the university bus is that adopting a university bus is regarded as one of the most fundamental measure in mobility management but there might be many difficulties to adopt it, so the cases adopting a university bus could be said as successful cases of MM. Then we discussed necessity of measures to relate each travel planning on university and local travel plan for MM.
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Akihiko Mochizuki, Dai Nakagawa, Tsutomu Kasahara
2007Volume 42.3 Pages
949-954
Published: October 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2017
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This paper analyzes the effect of Toyama light rail that opened its operation on April 29, 2006 as the first full LRT route in Japan. A result of traffic observation and the questionnaire survey has shown that the improvement of the service level contributes to raise the degree of satisfaction of users. Moreover, modal shifts from private cars and buses to the light rail and new created trips make a great increase in the number of users of the line. As typical effect can be seen in the fact that the number of elder women going to hospital or shopping place are especially increasing, we have shown that a great improvement of service level can produce a great effect even in such a small local train system.
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ABCD Density Control System in Karlsruhe
Mamoru Taniguchi, Ryouji Matsunaka, Hiromu Sakai, Yoshiyasu Suzuki
2007Volume 42.3 Pages
955-960
Published: October 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2017
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Linkage between land-use and transport becomes significant topic concerning sustainable urban planning. Especially, density control in residential area along Light Rail Transit(LRT) is required to realize compact urban layout. This study focuses in the case at Karlsruhe in Germany that adopts ABCD density control system aroud LRT station. On sites obsevation in each designated ABCD spot are executed for this study to evaluate harmonization between land-use and transport plan. It is clarified that each spot has its own function and agglomeration, and its relate to designation of ABCD density control system. This ABCD density control system could become good example for compact urban planning.
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Using the Urban Traffic Simulation Model
Ryoji Matsunaka, Mamoru Taniguchi, Haruka Wakabayashi
2007Volume 42.3 Pages
961-966
Published: October 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2017
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For the purpose of evaluating environmental impacts of transport programs such as LRT construction, it is necessary to understand the effects these programs cause over long term. Moreover, for the long term evaluation, we must consider the changes in the urban structure such as population distribution and environmental load caused by construction and maintenance. Therefore, in this study, we constructed the urban traffic simulation model which can show us the movement of cars, buses and trains, and behavior of the passengers in every minute. Using this model, we evaluated long term environmental impact of LRT construction considering different urban structure scenarios.
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