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Luis Antonio O. Davalos
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2173-2176
Published: July 15, 1984
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The linear steady convection of a fluid layer between rigid thermally and electrically non-conducting walls is investigated from three different stand-points: 1) convection of a rotating fluid, 2) magnetoconvection and 3) magnetoconvection in a rotating fluid. The new dependences of the critical Rayleigh and wavenumbers on the Taylor and Chandrasekhar numbers are discussed.
It is shown that in contrast with fluids in the same conditions but with walls of different thermal conductivity, the fluid in the present case is always the most thermally unstable for every Taylor and Chandrasekhar numbers. Moreover, in the present case the horizontal scale of the cell pattern is always the largest. Also, when rotation and magnetic field act simultaneously, in the region of strong interaction the stability of the magnetofluid is highly decreased and the critical wavenumber is always zero.
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Kazutoshi Gouhara, Norio Kato
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2177-2180
Published: July 15, 1984
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An incommensulate phase (IP) between α and β phases of quartz was studied by X-ray diffraction methods under well-controlled temperature conditions. In particular, the topographs owing to satellite reflections (SR) were used. The modulation vectors
qi make an angle φ with the bisector of the two-fold axes of α-quartz. In the range between
TC+0.1 and +1.8 K (
TC: The transition temperature from IP to α) the
T-dependence of |
q| and φ were precisely measured. IP has a domain structure along the
c-axis, each domain being characterized by the sign of φ. The second harmonics of
q could also be observed faintly in the vicinity of
TC.
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Fumihisa Ono, Hiroshi Maeta
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2181-2184
Published: July 15, 1984
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The atomic radius and the actual valence dependence of the band electron energy has been calculated by using a model d-band for transition metals in a wide range of atomic radius to cover the interstitial configuration as well as the normal equilibrium lattice site. From this calculation the pressure acting on an interstitial atom has been estimated and compared with the migration temperature determined experimentally for 3d, 4d and 5d transition group elements. The anomalously high migration temperatures of interstitials in the titanium group can be explained by the present theory. The low migration temperatures for the copper group elements are also discussed.
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Seizo Morita, Nobuo Mikoshiba, Yoji Koike, Tetsuo Fukase, Michiharu Ki ...
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2185-2188
Published: July 15, 1984
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Temperature dependence of the inelastic scattering time τ
ε in metallic
n-GaAs (
n=
ND−
NA=7.83×10
16 cm
−3) is determined experimentally in the wide temperature range of 50 mK–8 K by two methods: One is from the
H2 [
H: magnetic field] dependence of the magnetoconductivity
Δσ in weak fields, where
Δσ=σ(
H,
T)−σ(0,
T) is proportional to τ
ε3⁄2H2 [
T: temperature]. The other is from the temperature dependence of
Δσ in strong fields, which is given by
Δσ=(
e2⁄2π
2h)[0.605(
eH⁄
ch)
1⁄2−(
Dτ
ε)
−1⁄2], where
D is the diffusion constant. We find that the two methods give the
T−1 temperature dependence of τ
ε. This result is in agreement with the recent theory of τ
ε∝
T−1 in 3-dimensional system calculated by Isawa.
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Kunihiko Yamaji
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2189-2192
Published: July 15, 1984
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A variational procedure shows that two new types of spin density wave (SDW) ground states appear successively in the titled system modeling the Bechgaard salts, when the transverse transfer energy increases around its upper bound imposed for the usual SDW state having the so far known best nesting wave vector. From this value the wave vectors of the new states are appreciably shifted, entailing uncompensated carrier pockets of the size found in the Shubnikov-de Haas experiments. An analytic expression clarifying the situation of the starting-point of the shift shows that the shift is sensitive to details of the system.
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Satoshi Takada
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2193-2196
Published: July 15, 1984
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It is shown in a microscopic calculation that a translational spin wave mode in an incommensurate spin density wave (SDW) is shown to lead to collective conductivity similarly to the charge density wave case. Normal impurities cannot pin the SDW in low orders due to the uniform charge density whereas magnetic impurities give rise to pinning. The pinning frequency due to magnetic impurities is calculated. Possible mechanisms of damping and effects of interchain coupling are briefly discussed.
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Yoshichika \={O}nuki, Yasunori Furukawa, Takemi Komatsubara
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2197-2200
Published: July 15, 1984
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Superconductivity has been ascertained in CeCu
2Si
2 single crystals, which were grown from a tungsten crusible by the Czochralski pulling method. The anisotropic electrical resistivity and magnetic susceptibility are also presented.
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Yoshikazu Nishihara, Yuji Yamaguchi
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2201-2204
Published: July 15, 1984
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The magnetic structure and magnetic phase transitions of Sc
1−xTi
xFe
2 with
x≥0.7 are studied from measurements of Mössbauer effect and magnetization. A coexistent state of ferro- and antiferromagnetism appears below ∼100 K for
x=0.9 and below ∼200 K for
x=0.75. The results suggest that this system is an itinerant electron system with weakly coupled ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic components of spin fluctuation modes.
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Fumihiko Tanaka
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2205-2214
Published: July 15, 1984
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The free energy is obtained for a long flexible circular molecule confined in a plane and entangled with a random distribution of parallel straight lines placed perpendicular to this plane. Based on the Gauss linking number the problem of topological classification is solved by variational method. The internal pressure and the elastic modulus for tensile deformation are calculated explicitly as a simultaneous function of polymer length, the number of obstacles and the degree of entanglements.
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Akio Ootuka, Kiyoshi Kawatsura, Ken-ichiro Komaki, Fuminori Fujimoto, ...
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2215-2218
Published: July 15, 1984
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Spectra of Al K
α X rays induced by H and He ion bombardments in the energy range of 0.2–0.4 MeV/amu have been measured with a Bragg spectrometer and Z
1 dependence of single K- plus multiple L-shell (KL
l) ionization has been investigated. The result shows that the L-shell ionization probability of Al by light ion bombardments follows the scaling law of direct Coulomb ionization considering the binding energy correction.
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Takeshi Mukoyama
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2219-2223
Published: July 15, 1984
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The inner-shell ionization cross section by charged-particle impact is expressed in the form of the momentum distribution of the target electron. Based on this approximation, the correction factor for the electronic relativistic effect is obtained as the ratio of the relativistic to nonrelativistic momentum distribution at the momentum corresponding to the minimum momentum transfer in the ionization process. It is found that for
K-,
L1- and
L3-shell ionization cross sections the correction factor obtained from the momentum distribution is in good agreement with the exact relativistic calculation.
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Masahiro Kimura, Tsuruji Iwai, Yozaburo Kaneko, Nobuo Kobayashi, Atsus ...
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2224-2232
Published: July 15, 1984
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Cross sections for single electron capture from He atom by highly stripped, C
q+, N
q+, O
q+, F
q+, Ne
q+ (
q=4–9) and Kr
q+ (
q=10–25) ions have been calculated using the multichannel Landau-Zener model. The collision energy is 600 eV/amu except for Kr
q+, whose energy is
q×1 keV. The selective electron capture into a single or at most two
n-shells is predicted for the cases of
q≤9. The
n-distributions obtained by the present calculation are quite consistent with our earlier observation and the total cross sections agree reasonably well with the measured data in spite of the simple model. In the case of Kr
q+, where
q is larger than 10, more and more shells can be populated and the total cross sections increase monotonically with the increase of
q.
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Toshihico Arimitsu, Yuji Takada
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2233-2241
Published: July 15, 1984
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Numerical calculations of the basic formulation are performed extensively, which is the most convenient formulation to study the time-dependent cooperative (
symmetry breaking) behavior of the laser system from the microscopic and fully quantum-statistical-mechanical point of view. The threshold of the laser light is interpreted by the coherence of the electric field in the time domain, not by the intensity of the field, which stems from the dynamical symmetry breaking of the system.
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Tyusei Aoi, Kohzaburo Nakabayashi
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2242-2252
Published: July 15, 1984
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This paper attempts to find higher approximate solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations by successive approximations to a flow past a circular cylinder and a sphere at small Reynolds numbers. As the preparation of successive approximations, Oseen’s formal solutions for the vorticity ζ and the stream function
Ψ are first expanded in powers of the Reynolds number
R. Expansions hold the same forms as the Oseen expansions. Substitution of these expansions in the Navier-Stokes equations yields a set of differential equations for the coefficient of
Rn. The leading terms of expansions are given by order 1 of the Oseen expansions. The successive solutions of ζ and
Ψ for a circular cylinder and a sphere are obtained up to the third and the first power of
R, respectively. For the case of a circular cylinder the flow pattern is drawn at
R=0.8 and the drag is derived up to the second approximation.
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Akira Yoshizawa, Yoshifumi Kimura
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2253-2262
Published: July 15, 1984
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A mean-shear-related term in the pressure-strain correlation is examined from the statistical viewpoint. The term is calculated with the aid of the two-scale Direct-Interaction formalism for turbulent shear flows, being expressed in terms of the mean shear and the two-time statistical quantities of the fluctuating field. It is compared with existing models used frequently in the actual simulation of turbulent shear flows. On this basis, those models are discussed from the theoretical standpoint.
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Tsutomu Kambe, U Mya Oo
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2263-2273
Published: July 15, 1984
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Numerical simulation of head-on collision of two vortex rings has been made for various values of a translation Reynolds number from 50 to 500, and the profile of the acoustic wave emitted by the vortex collision is determined by using the computed development of the stream function and vorticity distributions. It is found for the higher Reynolds number range that there is an early stage during which the strength of each vortex is conserved, however, the strength decreases rapidly from an instant when the cores of the two vortices come into contact. The total kinetic energy decreases similarly. The enhancement of the energy dissipation is found to be related to the vortex stretching at the time of collision. The wave pressure is composed of two components, and comparison with experimental data obtained at much higher Reynolds numbers indicates reasonable agreement for the main quadrupole component.
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Hiroshi Oshiyama, Yasuo Umeda
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2274-2280
Published: July 15, 1984
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Two reversed field configurations in force-free state of rot
B=α
B have been considered; one is a straight cylindrical configuration with α(
r) dependent on radial coordinate
r and the other is a toroidal one.
The cylindrical configuration is obtained by choosing functional form of α(
r) in such a way that it closely match experimental results.
The toroidal configuration is analyzed by using an expansion procedure. A new description of F-
Θ diagram has been introduced in order to explain experiments.
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Shoji Ueda, Mitsuo Kono, Nobuo Yajima
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2281-2293
Published: July 15, 1984
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Formation and interaction of solitons and nonlinear explosion modes is numerically studied in an ion-beam plasma system under a linearly stable condition. When the initial amplitude of a sinusoidal wave is small, a train of solitons come up, collide with one another and reconstruct the initial state. For a large amplitude wave, there appears a nonlinear explosion mode which explodes at a finite time. The effect of the explosive instability on the wave evolution is also studied.
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Kenji Harafuji
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2294-2303
Published: July 15, 1984
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Velocity space loss regions are analytically estimated in the helical solenoid with low toroidicity by means of the invariants ψ
* and
J⁄⁄. The drift surface integral ψ
* describes the trajectories of passing and blocked particles, while the longitudinal adiabatic invariant
J⁄⁄ expresses the motion of banana center. The loss regions are basically composed of both the tokamak type’s contribution in the case of the helically symmetric system and the stellarator type’s contribution caused by the radial drift of the banana center of localized particles due to the toroidal effect, and appear for both
v⁄⁄>0 and
v⁄⁄<0 in the low particle energy region due to the effect of the latter. Analytical results are checked by the intensive numerical orbit calculation. Both are in good agreement each other except in the
v⁄⁄\simeq0 region.
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Maki Saito, Shinsuke Watanabe, Hiroshi Tanaca
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2304-2310
Published: July 15, 1984
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A modulational instability of an ion wave in a plasma composed of electron, positive ion and negative ion has been investigated theoretically. We derive a nonlinear Schrödinger equation for ion wave and examine the signs of nonlinear and dispersion coefficients. The dispersion coefficient is negative irrespective of the wavenumber. The sign of the nonlinear coefficient changes at a critical wavenumber
kc, above which the coefficient becomes negative and the ion wave is modulationally unstable. The critical wavenumber
kc depends strongly on the negative ion density. At the critical density of negative ion where the nonlinear coefficient of the Korteweg-de Vries equation for ion wave vanishes, the critical wavenumber
kc is reduced to zero and the wave of any wavenumber is modulationally unstable.
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Hikaru Terauchi, Takafusa Futamura, Tadao Ishii, Yoshinori Fujiki
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2311-2315
Published: July 15, 1984
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An X-ray scattering experiment of hollandite K
1.5(Al
1.5Ti
6.5)O
16 has been carried out. The diffuse X-ray scattering was characterized by the commensurate wave vector
q0=(0, 0, 3⁄4). The correlation length for the
c-axis (channel axis) is much longer than that of the
a-axis and increases with decreasing temperature.
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Akio Yamanaka, Itaru Tatsuzaki
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2316-2325
Published: July 15, 1984
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The rigid layer mode of a shear type in squaric acid has been studied at several temperatures by Brillouin and Raman scatterings under a uniaxial stress applied perpendicularly to layer planes. The temperature and uniaxial stress dependences of a transverse acoustic mode (
c44) in the low temperature phase are essentially the same as those of the low frequency A
g-optic mode below
Tc, which corresponds to the zone-boundary acoustic mode in the high temperature phase. This rigid layer mode is analyzed by a one dimensional model with a single force constant
f1 between the nearest neighbor layers and the value of
f1 is calculated to be 1.18×10
4 dyn/cm at room temperature. The variation of
f1 with interlayer distance is also estimated.
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Katsuhiko Hasebe, Hiroyuki Mashiyama, Sigetosi Tanisaki
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2326-2331
Published: July 15, 1984
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The Landau theory is applied to investigate successive phase transitions in {N(CH
3)
4}
2CuBr
4. Transition sequence in this material from a normal phase to an incommensurate phase, followed by a commensurate ferroelectric phase and finally by the lowest temperature phase is explained. It is also shown that the phase transitions observed in {N(CH
3)
4}
2ZnBr
4 and {N(CH
3)
4}
2CoBr
4 can be discussed by the present model qualitatively.
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Kenji Okajima, Shoji Tanaka
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2332-2341
Published: July 15, 1984
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We measured the Hall coefficient and the resistivity of 1T-TaS
2 prepared under various growth conditions. We observed a steep decrease of the Hall coefficient above about 130 K in every sample. From this result, also from the unexpectedly low carrier density estimated from the value of the Hall coefficient, we conclude that other gapping mechanism than the CDW formation is working at
Td′∼200 K, such as the Mott localization which Fazekas and Tosatti suggested. As the result 1T-TaS
2 becomes a kind of dirty semiconductor in the CCDW state. By introducing a gap in the spectrum we successfully analyzed the electronic conduction in high
T region above 130 K, by a simple two-carrier model involving holes and thermally activated electrons across a gap.
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Yoshiyuki Ono
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2342-2349
Published: July 15, 1984
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Applying the self-consistent diagramatic treatment of the dynamical diffusion coefficient of the two dimensional electron system under quantizing magnetic fields to the case where only one type of short-range impurities are present, the meaning of the “subband center” is reconsidered. The localization length calculated as a function of the filling factor of the lowest Landau subband is shown to become infinite at one point whose position is determined by the impurity concentration. This result indicates that the measurement of the Hall step position yields an information about the impurity concentration.
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Seiji Hayashi
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2350-2352
Published: July 15, 1984
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It is concluded that magnitude of electron-phonon-interaction can be estimated by the measurement of the differential conductance of inelastic tunneling current. Electron-phonon-interaction coefficient can be obtained from the jump in d
I⁄d
V for semiconductors with various Fermi voltage
VF. For the experiments of In-SrTiO
3−x contact, it has been observed that electron-phonon-interaction coefficient for the highest LO-mode is 2.5 times larger than that for the second highest LO-mode.
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Michisuke Kobayashi, Naoki Mizoguchi
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2353-2357
Published: July 15, 1984
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A collective excitation in intercalated layered materials is investigated in a continuum model. The plasmon-LO phonon coupling is discussed in detail. The theory suggests the possibility of observation of electron- and ion-
acoustic plasmas in these materials.
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Tyuzi Ohyama, Kensuke Ogawa, Eizo Otsuka
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2358-2369
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With pulse-echo technique we have measured magneto-acoustic attenuation by a large electron-hole drop in stressed Ge at the temperature range 1.7 to 4.2 K. The scattering rate for electrons and the electron-hole pair density in a large drop are determined by numerical fitting of an appropriate theory to the experimental data. It is found that the carrier-carrier scattering is a dominant contribution to the carrier relaxation. The pair density decreases with increasing temperature because of thermal expansion of the drop. Little change in pair density is observed as the radius of the drop shrinks. In the geometry of
B⁄⁄〈110〉, a striking increase in pair density is confirmed for
B>3 T. This effect has never been observed for the large drop.
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Hiromichi Ebisawa, Hidetoshi Fukuyama, M. T. Béal-monod
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2370-2375
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Possible effects on recovery of the transition temperature
Tc of the triplet superconductivity is argued for dirty nearly ferromagnetic metallic films. As a consequence of the weak localization, higher order corrections of the repulsive interaction leads to the remarkable reduction of pair-breaking parameter for a small energy Cooper pairs at low temperatures. The transition temperature is determined by Cooper pairs of wider energy range and its recovery is of order −λ ln (1−\bar
I), where λ and \bar
I are parameters of the localization and the interaction, respectively.
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Kazuo Kanematsu, Hiroshi Takahashi
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2376-2380
Published: July 15, 1984
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By X-ray studies, three phases, hcp, bcc and fcc are found in
x≤0.05, 0.15≤
x≤0.5 and 0.6≤
x for (Fe
1−xNi
x)
3Ge and in
x<0.01, 0.1≤
x≤0.5 and 0.6≤
x for (Fe
1−xNi
x)
3.4Ge. The magnetization studies show a discrepancy about the boundary compositions, especially between the hcp and bcc phases. The alloys of both systems in 0.8≥
x are ferromagnetic. In the hcp alloys of (Fe, Ni)
3Ge, the magnetization decreases remarkably with the substitution of nickel, while the Curie temperature stays at about 600 K. In the bcc alloys, the magnetic moment per metal and the Curie temperature lower from 1.6 μ
B, 770 K of
x=0.15 to 1.2 μ
B, 570 K of
x=0.5 for (Fe, Ni)
3Ge, and from 1.85 μ
B, 820 K of
x=0.1 to 1.48 μ
B, 640 K of
x=0.4 for (Fe, Ni)
3.4Ge respectively. The Curie temperature of both fcc alloys lowers from 420 K of
x=0.6 to 320 K of
x=0.8.
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Katsuya Mitsuoka, Hideki Miyajima, Hiromitsu Ino, S\={o}shin Chikazumi
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2381-2390
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Magnetization and Mössbauer spectra were measured for Fe–C, Fe–N and Fe–Ni–C systems. The mass ratio of the tetragonal martensite in the mixed phases was determined by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy, leading to the average magnetic moment of Fe atoms in the body centered tetragonal (bct) structure.
The magnetic moment of Fe atoms increases from 2.2 μ
B to 2.6 μ
B as the axial ratio and the volume of unit cell increase. In other words, the volume expansion and/or the tetragonal elongation seem to cause an increase in the magnetic moment of Fe in bct alloys. It is concluded that the variation of the magnetic moment of Fe in the bct structure can be explained as a superposing effect of both volume expansion and tetragonal expansion.
The mechanism of these effects is discussed in terms of energy band splitting of d electrons and magnetovolume effects.
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Yasunari Kurihara
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2391-2394
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In the incommensurate spin-density wave of chromium we have shown that a magnetic response function has a pole at the acoustic phonon energy. This study has been done under the stimulus of the discovery of a new lower branch in the neutron magnetic scattering of chromium.
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M. S. Dantas, A. S. Chaves, R. Gazzinelli, A. G. Oliveira, M. A. Pimen ...
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2395-2399
Published: July 15, 1984
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The EPR lineshape of the SeO
4− center was investigated in the normal-incommensurate transition of K
2SeO
4. The value β=0.33±0.03 was obtained for the critical exponent of the order parameter. A summary of the measured values of the critical exponent β found in the literature for structurally incommensurate systems is presented. The average value of those measurements, β=0.345±0.004, is in excellent agreement with the calculated value of β for the 3d XY model. The lineshape analysis seems also to indicate that phase solitons appear in a large region of the incommensurate phase.
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Nobuhiko Yamashita
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2400-2406
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Emission and excitation spectra of the SrS and SrSe phosphors containing high concentrations of Pb
2+ ions are measured at low temperatures. Green emission bands due to the Pb
2+ dimer centers are observed at 530 nm for SrS: Pb
2+ and at 500 nm for SrSe: Pb
2+ at 80 K in addition to the UV emission bands due to the Pb
2+ monomer centers. Seven bands ascribed to the Pb
2+ dimer centers are found in the excitation spectra of the green emission bands. The values of the parameters appearing in the energy matrices of the dimer center are determined so that the calculated electronic levels coincide with the experimental excitation energies of the seven bands.
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Teruya Ishihara, Nobukata Nagasawa
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2407-2410
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The two-photon resonant Raman scattering (TRRS) process via the excitonic molecule (EM) state in red-HgI
2 is studied at 1.6 K. The intensity of the TRRS line is enhanced with FWHM 0.7 meV at 2.3324 eV which corresponds to a half of the EM energy. From the analysis of the TRRS data, the dispersion curve of the transverse exciton polariton is determined: The transverse exciton energy and its effective mass relative to the electron rest mass are obtained as 2.3348±0.0001 eV and 1.3±0.1, respectively. The background dielectric constant, ε
∞ is determined to be 10.5±0.5 from the Fabry-Perot interference fringes of a thin single crystal.
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Hideo Suzuki, Ohki Yoshida, Yasushi Koseko
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2411-2420
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On the π-electron system of PRSB with its counter point-charge, we consider such “deformed” excited state that has different bond lengths for stabilization from those in the excited state immediately after the absorption of light, together with “virtual” ground state having the same bond lengths as the deformed excited state. And we calculate their adiabatic potentials and net-charge distributions for the respective cases of
cis-trans isomerization around single and double bonds. It is shown that a close approach of adiabatic potentials between the deformed excited and virtual ground states occurs only in the case around C
11–C
12 bond, and that only the case around C
11–C
12 or C
13–C
14 bond generates a rapid reciprocating motion (a large transient polarization) of net charges in the deformed excited state (in the virtual ground state in the region of the orthogonal conformation).
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S. M. Dubiel
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2421
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Hirochika Enokiya
1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2422-2423
Published: July 15, 1984
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1984 Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages
2424
Published: July 15, 1984
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