Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica
Online ISSN : 1884-4545
Print ISSN : 0032-6313
ISSN-L : 0032-6313
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Volume 83, Issue 7
Displaying 1-22 of 22 articles from this issue
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  • Course of Meniere's Disease
    -A Long Term Follow up and Pathology-
    Yoshiaki Nakai
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 983-988
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: December 12, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.983
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Ménière's disease is characterized by repeated attacks of vertigo and accompanying hearing impairment. Many aspects of the etiology of the disease and the mechanism of vertigo attacks remain unknown, and thus this disease is included in the diseases specified by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MHW). Various studies are being conducted on this disease, in addition to idiopathic sensorineural deafness, by the Vestibular Disorder Research Committee of the MHW. Some patients with Mdniere's disease have difficulty in leading a normal social life due to frequent attacks of vertigo, persistent equilibrium disorders, severe tinnitus, hearing impairment and bilateral Mdniere's disease.
    Attacks of vertigo in Mdniere's disease are transient, but they occur repeatedly over a long period of time, and the hearing impairment persists and may even become worse. Thus, it is necessary to treat and monitor a patient for a long period of time to understand the real state of the disease. The time-course changes in the pattern of vertigo attacks and symptoms of hearing impairment are described.
    Ménière's disease is generally defined from the symptomatic viewpoint, but patients with this disease have an enlarged endolymphatic space (due to endolymphatic hydrops) in the inner ear. It is still unclear why this endolymphatic hydrops develops and how this endolymphatic hydrops is related to the vertigo attacks. A hypothesis based on the experimental evidence is briefly described.
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  • Microsurgery of the Infantile Subglottic Hemangioma
    [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 990-991
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.990
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Two Cases of Pontine Infarction with Vertigo
    Kenji Dejima, Toshiyuki Ono, Masayoshi Tachibana
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 993-998
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.993
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Otoneurological examination of two patients with central vertigo showed brainstem disorders, but no abnormal areas were seen in CT scans. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) clearly showed abnormal signal intensity regions in the pons. MRI is more sensitive than CT in demonstrating infarctions of the brain, especially those in the brainstem and cerebellum, because it is less influenced by bone artifacts and has high contrast resolving ability. MRI is useful for the definite diagnosis of central vertigo.
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  • Acoustic Neuroma Presenting as Sudden Hearing Loss
    Masanori Asai, Hidemitsu Sato, Kiyofumi Gyo, Naoaki Yanagihara, Yasush ...
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 999-1004
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.999
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    Of the 84 patients with acoustic neuroma treated at our hospital from 1976 to 1989, 12 (14.3%), 6 males and 6 females, complained of sudden hearing loss as the initial symptom. Their ages ranged from 28 to 73 years with a mean of 46.9 years. Eight neuromas were on the right side and four on the left. Five tumors were classified as small (up to 1.0 cm), three as medium (1.03.0 cm) and four as large (3.0 cm or more). There was no relationship among the incidence of sudden hearing loss, size of the tumor, and the nerve of origin. There was also no relationship between the audiometric findings and the size of the tumor. In six patients changes in hearing were documented by repeated audiometric studies before and after treatment of the initial sudden hearing loss. The hearing levels showed great variation and fluctuation in the majority of these patients. Fluctuation in hearing is an important finding after treatment of patients with acoustic tumor.
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  • Middle Ear Tuberculosis Treated with Labyrinthectomy; A Case Report
    I-Ken Gan, Haruo Takahashi, Etsuo Yarnamoto
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1005-1008
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1005
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    A case of intractable middle ear tuberculosis which required labyrinthectomy is reported.
    The patient is a 16-year-old boy who complained of left hearing loss, vertigo and left facial palsy. He had had middle ear operations three times in other hospitals without any improvement.
    The diagnosis of middle ear tuberculosis was made on the basis of the tuberculin test and cultures of aural discharge. It took one and a half years from the definite diagnosis to complete healing with combinations of chemotherapy and three operations. Because diagnosis was delayed, it was necessary to performed a labyrinthectomy.
    It is concluded that middle ear tuberculosis must be considered first in cases of progressive profound-deaf, facial paresis and resistant to the ordinary antibiotics because the course of this disease is rapid and irreversible.
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  • Tinnitus Induced by Closure of the External Ear Canal
    Kiyofumi Gyo, Shinsei Nishihara, Kazuhiko Takeda
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1009-1013
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1009
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    Tinnitus induced by closure of the external ear canal was studied in 10 ears of 5 normal subjects by having them seal the ear canal openings with their finger tips or by pouring water into the canals of the upper ear while their heads were tilted to one side. Pouring water into the ear canal caused tinnitus with features similar to 125 Hz band-pass noise with an intensity of 9.4±2.2 dBSL. Sealing of the ear canal opening with a finger tip caused similar tinnitus with an intensity of 17.2±4.5 dBSL. This tinnitus was believed to be due to various vital noises around the middle ear. These noises were presumed to be amplified by closure of the ear canal opening by the following mechanisms: (1) resonance in the external and middle ear cavities, (2) blocking of the leakage of vital noises in the ear canal which are emitted through the vibration of the cartilages of the ear canal, and (3) blockage of external noises which may mask the vital noises.
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  • Long Term Effect of Immunotherapy for Perennial Nasal Allergy
    Hirokuni Otsuka, Masaki Ohnishi, Hideji Tanimoto, Akinori Mezawa, Kiku ...
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1015-1021
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1015
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    From 1980 to 1985, 678 patients with nasal allergy were found to have perennial sensitivity to house dust at the ENT clinic of Nippon Medical School. These patients were divided into two groups, one was treated with immunotherapy until May 1987. Questionnair were mailed to all the patients asking about severity of nasal symptoms at the time of the first visit and after Immunotherapy, and whether or not they were being treated with other methods at the present time.
    Answers were received from 235 patients. Improvement was noted in 40% of the patients after 6 months, in 52% after 7-l2 months, in 61% after 13-24 months, in 64% after 25-36 months, in 81% after 37 months or more of the immunotherapy. Of the 87 patients in the non-immunotherapy group 56% improved, but more of these patients had milder symptoms than did those treated with immunotherapy. There was a statistically significant difference in improvement between the immunotherapy group for more than 37 months and the non-immunotherapy. Treatment with other drugs is still needed in 51% of the patients who did not have immunotherapy, in 40% of those with immunotherapy for less than 6 months, in 39% of those with 7-12 months, in 33% of those with 13-24 months, in 16% of those with 25-36 months, in 18% of those with over 37 months of immunotherapy.
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  • MR Imaging of Orbital Blow-Out Fractures
    Yasushi Matsumoto, Yuji Kawamura, Kako Nakano, Hitomi Izumida, Kazuhik ...
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1023-1029
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1023
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    Nineteen patients with orbital blow-out fractures were examined and had CT scans and MR imaging (0.5 Tesla, superconductive). The fractures occurred in the orbital floor in 12 cases, orbital medial wall in 2 cases and both orbital medial wall and floor in 5 cases. Fractures often occur posterior to the eyeball.
    With a Ti-weighted spin-echo pulse sequence with TR of 500 ms and TE of 20- 25 ms, the fatty component and the muscle component could be identified easily. A good demonstration of the inferior rectus muscle and herniated orbital fat could be obtained with an oblique sagittal view along the optic nerve. The inferior and medial rectus muscle frequently showed cylinder-like hypertrophy. Dislocation or entrapment of the inferior rectus muscle was found in 3 cases.
    The existence of entrapment (incarceration) of the muscle in a blow-out fracture has been controversial in the past. Orbital MR imaging is recommended to clarify this matter, obtain more accurate diagnosis and to assist in the choice of treatment.
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  • Primary Reconstruction after Total Maxillectomy for Maxillary Cancer
    Keiji Iizuka, Yasushi Furuta, Masaaki Kashiwamura, Hisashi Mikuni, Aki ...
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1031-1035
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1031
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    We present two patients with maxillary cancer who had facial reconstruction immediately after total maxillectomy. In the first case, Killian-Hoshino's incisional skin line was delineated and total maxillectomy was performed. The orbital floor was reconstructed by free iliac bone graft, and the raw surface was covered with a delayed D-P flap. The second patient has maxillectomy with two skin incisional lines, which are used in lateral rhinotomy and face lift. The orbital content was supported by fascia lata in the shape of a hammock. The raw surface was covered by a free forearm flap. This skin incision gave a more adequate operative field, and a better cosmetic result by preserving the upper lip. We discuss the skin incision line, material for orbital floor reconstruction, and choice of covering the raw surface after maxillectomy.
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  • Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
    Akira Shibano, Hiroshi Nakanishi, Michiaki Yokoyama, Tadao Enomoto
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1037-1041
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1037
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    A nasopharyngeal tumor in a 14-year-old male patient was diagnosed as juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. The tumor seemed to originate in the sphenoid sinus, and the right nasal cavity was obstructed by it. First, superselective angiographic embolization was performed, and then the tumor was removed through a transantral approach. The pre-operative embolization prevented exessive bleeding during the operation.
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  • Ankyloglossia and Dislocation of the Epiglottis and Larynx
    -Symptoms and Signs in New Born and Suckling Infants-
    Susumu Mukai, Chikako Mukai, Kazuyuki Asaoka
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1043-1065
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1043
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    We have treated a congenital disease consisting of ankyloglossia and dislocation of the epiglottis and larynx. These infants developed dyspnea and skin and hair abnormalities. In addition, they had several other symptoms, such as feeding difficulties, crying hard, weak, cold and hypotonic extremities, snoring, slow or too fast development and difficulties with fixing the eye. Although they had these abnormalities, they had been considered to be healthy by their pediatricians.
    Ankyloglossia consist of abnormalities of the frenulum and floor of the mouth. We divided states of the frenulum into four categories, 0-3, and that of the floor into three, 1-3. For the frenulum 24% were in category 0, 18% in category 1, 25% in category 2, and 33% in category 3. For the floor of the mouth, category 1 were in 16%, category 2 in 41% and category 3 in 43%. We considered to be ankyloglossia when the frenulum belong category 3 and/or the floor belong category 2 or 3. There were more anomalies of the floor of the mouth than of the frenulum alone.
    The epiglottis leaned toward the base of the tongue in 55% and the larynx was elongated and curved toward the upper ventral position in 84%. Operations corrected 100% of the epiglottal and 78% of the laryngeal dislocations. Statistical analysis revealed a close relationship between ankyloglossia and dislocations of the epiglottis and larynx.
    Oxygen saturation rate (SAO) were measured by a pulse oximeter while the infants were asleep, awake and feeding. The SAO was below 95 during sleep in 76%, while awake in 45% and during sucking in 53%.
    The marmorated skin was in 63%, cyanosis was presented in 21% and in 18% the skin was normal. Piloerection was noted in 47°C. Scant hair in 37% and normal hair in 16%. There was a statistical significant correlation between skin changes and SAO.
    After operation on the tongue these symptoms and the low SAO improved dramatically. The symptoms and the signs of this disease were very similar to those of Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). We concluded that this anomaly may be one cause of' SIDS.
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  • Radiological Evaluation of Hypertrophy of the Lingual Tonsil
    Tadashi Iwano, Tatsuya Inamura, Yoshihisa Tsuta, Yasuo Hosoda, Koichi ...
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1067-1073
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1067
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The degree of lingual tonsil hypertrophy was examined in 197 patients by lateral radiographs of the throat. Two parameters were designed on the radiograph: 1) the relationship between the lingual tonsil and the epiglottis, which was classified into three types, free (no touching), tip touching and total touching; 2) the percentage of the pharyngeal cavity occupied by the lingual tonsil. Patients were divided into two groups: with or without abnormal sensation in the throat. In those without abnormal sensation, tip touching and total touching types were found in only 18.1 and 7.2%, respectively. Of those with abnormal sensation more than 50% had tip or total touching tonsils. In females with abnormal sensation in the throat 42.4±14.5% of the pharyngeal cavity was occupied by the lingual tonsils, while in those without abnormal sensation 35.3±10.6% was occupied by the lingual tonsils. The figure was a significant difference. In the males no significant difference was found between the groups with and without abnormal sensation. It is concluded that the touching of the epiglottis and the lingual tonsil and the hypertrophy of the lingual tonsil, especially in females, may play a role in the incidence of abnormal sensation of the throat.
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  • Primary Syphilis of the Tonsil; A Case Report
    Katsuhiko Fukamoto, Rinya Sugita
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1075-1080
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1075
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A 23-year-old male visited our department because of the right cervical node in the submandibular region. There was a 5 X 3 cm, elastic hard lymph node, which had limited mobility and was non-tender. On examination of the mouth, only the right tonsil was swollen, and its entire surface was smooth and marked by erythema. A tumor of the tonsil, such as malignant lymphoma, was suspected.
    At his second visit small ulcerative lesions were noted on the right tonsil. A more detailed medical history revealed that he had had oral sexual contact within the previous three weeks. Serological tests for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) were ordered and primary syphilis of the tonsil was diagnosed. He was administered bacampicillin (BAPC) for 5 weeks, the swelling of his cervical nodes and the right tonsil was reduced.
    As sexual activities have become diversified and oro-genital activity has become more common, the tonsils and the pharynx must be examined primary lesions of STD such as syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydial infection and AIDS.
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  • Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Manifested as Unilateral Tonsillar Hypertrophy; A Case Report
    Tetsuya Nishimura, Jiro Hozawa, Hisaki Saito
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1081-1085
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1081
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In a 31-year-old man who complained of sore throat chronic tonsillitis was diagnosed, because right tonsillar swelling was noted without any specific laboratory findings. However, a final diagnosis of acute leukemia was made when marked leukocytosis was found 16 days after the first medical examination.
    In this case, a specific type of acute leukemia was manifested by nonspecific tonsillar hypertrophy.
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  • Mechanism of Mucosal Vibration at Neoglottis in Tracheoesophageal Shunt Speech
    Koichi Omori, Hisayoshi Kojima, Mitsuharu Nonomura, Hideyuki Fukushima ...
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1087-1092
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1087
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In tracheoesophageal (TE) shunt speech, the mucosal vibration in the pharyngoesophageal (PE) segment is considered to be the sound source but the mechanism of voice production is not clear. We studied the location and the movement of mucosal vibration at neoglottis in 12 TE speakers with X-ray fluoroscopy and strobofiberscopy.
    In 10 cases, two mucosal folds were observed in the PE segment; the upper one was the dorsal fold which protruded into the lumen at the orifice of the PE segment and the lower one was the circular fold just above the TE shunt. In 8 cases, periodical vibration was obtained at the upper fold with forward and backward closing. Among the 4 cases without periodical vibration, at the level of the neoglottis, the dorsal fold could not reach the ventral wall in 1 case and was in irregular contact with the ventral or lateral wall in 3 cases.
    We concluded that an adequate neoglottic closure is important for good mucosal vibration in TE shunt speech.
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  • Nasal Diseases in Patients with Cleft Palate
    -A Review of the Literature-
    Yasuyuki Ishikawa, Michio Kawano
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1093-1098
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1093
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    It has been reported that cleft palate patients have a high incidence of nasal and paranasal diseases. Several problems remain to be solved.
    We surveyed the literature and correlated nasal diseases in cleft palate patients with intranasal deformities, development of maxillary sinuses, nasal sinusitis and nasal function.
    1) In patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, intranasal deformities have been investigated by tomography and CT scan. They have not been reported in other types of cleft palate.
    Maxillary sinus development has been studied by frontal and lateral x-ray films. Recent reports have shown normal development of the maxillary sinus in patients with cleft palate. In the future, it will be necessary to investigate the intranasal deformities and parana.sal sinus development with three dimensional computer reconstruction.
    2) The incidence and features of nasal sinusitis in cleft palate patients have been clarified t o some extent. However, it is not known whether nasal allergy contributes to sinusitis in these patients.
    Impairment of nasal mucociliary transport is thought to be one of the reasons for the high incidence of sinusitis in cleft palate patients. It is necessary to study the mucociliary system by electron microscopy.
    3) Nasal airway patency has been studied by rhinomanometry, and all reports except one showed high nasal airway resistance in cleft palate patients. It was noted that several factors, such as deviation of the nasal septum, mucosal thickening and hypertrophy of the inferior turbinate raised nasal airway resistance.
    Surgical treatment of intranasal deformities is thought to be necessary because high nasal airway resistance may impair nasal mucociliary function.
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  • Cranial Lateralization of Tinnitus
    -Measurement of Directional Ability by Self-Recording Device-
    Isuzu Kawabata, Tsunemasa Sato
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1099-1110
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1099
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    The lateralization of tinnitus on the cranium was measured by a directional hearing device, which can generate binaural time or intensity differences for various sound sources. Tracings of sound locomotion are recorded as sawteeth-like waves by repetition of the dial operation in the right and left directions.
    First, the central and lateral sound images on the cranium were measured by method of adjustment for subjects with normal hearing. The range of the values was determined after three measurements per day for three days. The regions of these locations of sound impression were in close agreement, and 67% of 20 normal control subjects showed stable results.
    Next, 30 subjects with normal hearing ability and monaural tinnitus were tested. The location of tinnitus on the cranium was determined after localization of the sound impression in the central and lateral positions by the method described above. The results were as follows: in 53% of the subjects the results were stable; 46% showed agreement between the positions of tinnitus and the lateral side, and 27% showed a more medial impression of tinnitus than the lateral position.
    This method has no restrictions as a clinical test. The fact that the position of tinnitus may disagree with the lateral impression on the cranium was clarified by these experiments.
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  • Pressure Relationship between Perilymph and Endolymph after the Infusion of Artificial Endolymph into Scala Media
    Shunji Takeuchi, Taizo Takeda, Haruo Saito
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1111-1115
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1111
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    The pressure difference between the perilymph and the endolymph following infusion of artificial endolymph into the endolymphatic space was studied in guinea pigs. The perilymphatic and the endolymphatic pressures were measured simultaneously with two sets of a servo-pulling system. Endolymphatic infusion caused pressure increases in both the endolymphatic and the perilymphatic spaces, but no significant pressure difference between them. Soon after the endolymphatic infusion, both pressures returned to nearly the initial levels. We conclude that the endolymphatic and the perilymphatic pressures are very closely related and there may not be a significant pressure difference between them in endolymphatic hydrops.
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  • An Open Clinical Trial of Bif emelane on the Patients with Vertigo and Dizziness
    Takashi Futaki
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1117-1131
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: December 12, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1117
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    Bifemelane is a new drug which has antianoxic, EEG activating and memory retrieval effects in laboratory evaluations.
    In the present open trial, we used this drug on 21 patients (7 male; 14 female) with vertigo and dizziness and checked the subjective symptoms, the findings of the equilibrium function tests by ENG and side effects.
    According to score, this drug was significantly effective on the subjective symptoms such as vertigo, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, headache, stiffness of the neck and the shoulder and sensation of fatigue.
    In the results of the equilibrium function tests, this drug resulted in significant improvements in the stepping test, positional nystagmus, positioning nystagmus and the CP-index of caloric responses. These results indicate that the neural functions of body equilibrium of these patients were improved as a whole. On the contrary, the tests for the optico-oculomotor tract, i. e. eye tracking test and optokinetic nystagmus test, reflect the functions of the brainstem or the cerebellum with connection to the muscles, the vestibulum and the cortex. This drug also resulted in significant improvements in these tests.
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  • Effect of Acyclovir in Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
    Nobuo Kukimoto, Minoru Ikeda, Hidetoshi Kawamoto, Hideo Omori, Masayuk ...
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1133-1136
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1133
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    Acyclovir, an antiviral agent, was administered to six patients with Ramsay Hunt syndrome, which induced complete facial paralysis and consulted within one week of the onset of facial paralysis. Complete recovery of paralysis was noted in four patients. The remaining two patients with incomplete recovery were in their fifties or older, and one of the two patients had shown no response to the nerve exitability test (NET) on the paralyzed side.
    In the present study, the effect of acyclovir on the prognosis of facial paralysis of Ramsay Hunt syndrome was relatively favorable.
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  • Clinical Effect of Sanet-L® as a Liquid Concentrated Diet in Otorhinolaryngological Patients
    Yoshihiro Tsuruta, Takashi Matsunaga, Hiroshi Miyahara, Osamu Tanaka, ...
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1137-1144
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1137
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    For the purpose of hyperalimentation, 30 patients were fed Sanet-L®. Clinical laboratory data did not become worse and a well-nourished condition was maintained when Sanet-L® taken for a long term as well as a short term. These results indicated the clinical and nutritional usefulness of this diet.
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  • Diagnosis of the Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
    [in Japanese]
    1990 Volume 83 Issue 7 Pages 1146-1147
    Published: July 01, 1990
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.83.1146
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