巻号一覧
26 巻, 8 号
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西野 知良1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 479-484
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe strain age-hardening of Al-Cu, Al-Mg and Al-Si alloys was studied and the results obtained are summarized as follows. (1) The hardening is generally similar in its characteristics to those of carbon steels, copper solid solution alloys and austenitic steels, although its degree is appreciably small. (2) In an Al-4.9%Cu alloy solution-treated and aged, the strain age-hardening and the inelastic effect are less marked in fully age-hardened than in overaged specimens, the difference being probably due to the fact that dislocations pass through the GP zones, while, the θ′ and θ particles act as a barrier against dislocations, forming a large number of pile-up dislocations. (3) The strain age-hardening is generally remarkable only in such an alloy as exhibiting a high rate of work hardening and a marked broadening of X-ray line or, in other words, a high density of dislocations after cold-working, these being generally lower in aluminium alloys.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (759K) -
西 義1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 484-489
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーStudies were made by X-ray diffraction method on the scales formed on the surfaces of Ni-Cr-Ti, Ni-Cr-Nb and Ni-Cr-W alloys. The following results have been obtained. (1) NiOTiO2 was formed in the scales of Ni-20Cr-1Ti alloy at temperatures above 1100°C, and in those of Ni-20Cr-2Ti alloy above 1000°C. NiO, NiOTiO2, Cr2O3 and TiO2 were formed in the latter scales at a temperature as high as 1300°C. Formation of NiOCr2O3 was hindered, as NiOTiO2 grew. (2) CrNbO4 was formed in the scales of Ni-20Cr-2Nb alloy above 1200°C, and in those of Ni-20Cr-4Nb alloy above 1000°C. The scales of these alloys consisted of NiO, NiOCr2O3, Cr2O3 and CrNbO4. No NiONb2O5 was observed in these scales. (3) Four sorts of oxides, Cr2O3, NiO, NiOCr2O3 and NiOWO3 were formed in the scales of Ni-20Cr-5W alloy. Formation of the last three oxides was observed in such scales formed above 1000°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (608K) -
西 義1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 489-494
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーScales formed on eleven heat-resisting alloys in common use at temperatures between 850° an 1350°C were investigated by X-ray diffraction method. The following results were obtained. (1) On Fe-base alloys the scales consisted of (Fe, Cr)2O3 and spinel-phase oxide. On Co-base alloy Cr2O3, spinel-phase oxide and other oxides were formed, on Ni-base alloys Cr2O3, spinel phase oxide, NiO (or (Ni,Co)O) and other oxides. (2) On Ni-base, Co-base and Fe-Ni-Co-Cr alloys containing molybdenum, (Ni, Co)OMoO3 was formed and fused at the temperature of oxidation resistance limit of each alloy. (3) On such alloys containing tungsten as S 816 and LCN 155, (Co,Ni)OWO3 was formed. (4) On Ni-base alloys containing titanium, TiO2 and NiOTiO2 (or (Ni,Co)OTiO2) were formed. (5) On such alloys containing niobium as Inconel X and S 816, CrNbO4 was formed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (701K) -
桶谷 繁雄, 人見 茂, 長倉 繁麿1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 494-498
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe specific heat changes of quenched carbon steels (0.51∼1.39%C) were continuously measured in a temperature range from −100° to 600°C, using the Nagasaki-Takagi type of adiabatic calorimeter. The effect of aging was also studied. Heat evolutions due to the transformations of quenched carbon steel by tempering were observed below 500°C. A heat evolution was found to take place even at −100°C. Analysis of the specific heat-temperature diagrams shows that there are five stages of transformation in tempering of quenched carbon steel. The preliminary heat evolution begins below −100°C and finishes at about 100°C. The decomposition of martensite occurs at 100°∼160°C, and the decomposition of low carbon martensite takes place in a wide temperature range from 160° to 500°C. The retained austenite decomposes at 200°∼300°C, while the ε-carbide decomposes at 300°∼400°C. No χ-carbide seems to be precipitated in tempering of quenched carbon steel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (454K) -
竹内 栄, 遠藤 裕久1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 498-503
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーExperimental and theoretical studies on the electrical resistivities of the molten pure metals, Ag, Cd, Zn, In, Sn, Pb, Sb and Bi were carried out by means of Roll and Motz’s electrodeless method. The observed resistivity of these molten metals showed the following distinctive features. The temperature coefficients of the resistivity for the divalent metals, Zn and Cd, are zero or slightly negative near the melting point, and approach normal positive values in higher temperature ranges. Except for these divalent metals, the resistivity of the pure metals in the molten state are nearly in a linear relation to the temperature; the temperature coefficients are somewhat larger than those in the solid state at high temperatures for alkali metals, but generally smaller than those for solids of other metals. From the studies on the Hall effects and the magnetic susceptibilities for the molten metals and alloys reported previously, it can be assumed that the ions are arranged randomly in an atmosphere of a degenerated free electron gas of valence electrons and that the fluctuation in the density distribution is brought about by the thermal motion of the ions. The electrical resistivity ρ for the molten metal is given by the sum of the following two terms, ρ0 and ρT: ρ0 is the resistivity due to the random arrangement of ions corresponding to the uniform density distribution and is nearly independent of temperature. ρT is that due to the density fluctuation and is proportional to κT, where κ is the compressibility of the molten metal. It was shown that the calculated and the observed resistivities were in good agreement and the larger temperature coefficients of resistivity for alkali metals result from their larger compressibility than that of other metals. The abnormality for the divalent metals cannot be accounted for because of lack of observations on their compressibilities.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1001K) -
竹内 栄, 遠藤 裕久1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 504-509
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe electric resistivities of molten alloys, Bi-Sb, Pb-Sn, Bi-Sn and Bi-In, were measured in wide ranges of the concentration and discussed theoretically. The resistivity of molten alloys was calculated under the assumption that the concentration dependence and temperature dependence of the resistivity of alloys in the molten state arise from fluctuations in concentration and density distributions of ions arranged randomly in the gas of the degenerated free electrons. It is deduced that variations in the resistivity associated with changes of temperature and concentration depend upon the compressibility and the heat of mixing of alloys, and in the case of alloys consisting of component metals with the same valency, the resistivity changes linearly with the concentration, and in the case of alloys with different valencies, it changes parabolically provided that the heat of mixing of alloys is sufficiently low. The observed changes in the resistivity with temperature and concentration for alloys Bi-Sb, Pb-Sn, Bi-Sn and Bi-In were in good harmony with the above by pothesis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (831K) -
丹羽 貴知蔵, 横川 敏雄, 土井 彰, 辻 寧信1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 510-512
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーUsing Knundsen’s effusion method, the vapor pressure of zinc has been measured for two liquid ternary metallic solutions: Sn-Zn-Tl and In-Zn-Tl, in the range of 0∼0.15 zinc mole fraction in the neighborhood of 625°K. The results indicate that the activity of zinc of these systems can be expressed as that of regular solutions. In the Tl-rich portion of the Zn-Tl binary phase diagram, the liquidus curve obtained from the present investigation is slightly higher than that currently accepted.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (376K) -
三好 栄次1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 513-518
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIt is well known that stainless steel is embrittled by prolonged heating at high temperature. In this study the stable austenite range of nickel and chromium content for embrittlement and phase changes was investigated. Phase changes of austenitic stainless steel is often affected by its preliminary heat-treatment, so that two kinds of heat-treatment were adopted for this study, that is, they were fully solution-treated (1,300°C×1 hr) and precipitation treated (1,300°C×1 hr & 900°C×24 hrs). Phase changes were observed with optical and electron microscopes and by X-ray diffraction method. The typical phases of steels prolongedly heated for 1,000 hrs at 650°C are shown here. The boundary of σ-phase which are never observed in short time heating, appeared after prolonged heating in austenite range changes in some cases by preliminary heat-treatment. As the carbides precipitated in precipitation-treatment are quite stable, so no remarkable phase changes were observed in the specimen of fully austenitic steel prolongedly heated. The most stable range is limited to the range lower than 16% of chromium and the range higher than 12% of nickel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1251K) -
大和久 重雄, 赤須 英夫1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 518-522
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーWith the purpose to provide an adequate guide to rapid heating and quenching of carbon steels, time-temperature-austenitization diagrams (T-T-A diagram) were plotted for hyper-eutectoid steels (0.92, 1.28%C). Specimens of uniform size and the same test procedure were adopted as in the previous investigation on hypo-eutectoid steels. The results follow: (i) Starting and finishing of austenitization took nearly equal, short time for fine pearlite (F.P.) and for spheroidized cementite (S.C.) and long time for coarse pearlite (C.P.). In the 0.92%C steel, however, which had higher degree of spheroidization of S.C. than other steels finishing of austenitization took long time only in the S.C. (ii) Comparing T-T-A diagrams including hypo-eutectoid steels (0.20, 0.40, 0.69%C), it was found that starting of austenitization was approximately the same for all steels regardless of the difference in carbon content; finishing of it was delayed with an increase in carbon content down to the level of eutectoid steel, becoming constant thereafter. (iii) Being rapid in progress, the austenitization reaction has to be maintained for only a short duration after the prescribed temperature is attained for the purpose of rapid heating and quenching, and thereby the S.C. structure proves effective.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1055K) -
栢 明, 柿田 八千代1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 522-526
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーSince the combustion method of the determination of a micro-amount of sulfur in iron and steel is a volumetric one, we can not expect to obtain an exact result by this method. The present authors studied therefore the reduction-distillation spectrophotometric method (methylene blue method) for the exact determination of a micro-amount of sulfur in iron and steel. The iron or steel sample was dissolved in hydrochloric or nitric acid and all sulfur in it was oxidized to sulfuric acid with potassium chlorate. Then the mixture of hydrogen iodide, hypophosphorous acid and hydrochloric acid was added to reduce the sulfuric acid to hydrogen sulfide, which was distilled and absorbed in alkaline cadmium chloride and precipitated as cadmium sulfide. Then methylene blue was formed by the reaction of sulfide ion, p-amino-dimethylaniline and ferric chloride. The micro-amount of sulfur in the specimen was determined by measuring the absorbance of methylene-blue at 670 mμ. To prevent the interference of nitrate ion and ferric ion remaining in the solution, the former was eliminated by evaporation to dryness with hydrochloric acid and the latter by the reduction with hypophosphorous acid to ferrous ion. By this method, Japan Iron and Steel Standard samples and some other samples were analysed and satisfactory results were obtained.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (488K) -
足立 正雄, 辻本 得蔵1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 527-531
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe formability of quenched Ti-2∼8%Al-2∼8%Co alloys was studied by tensile tests and cold-rolling test. The values of δmax⁄σ(δ=δmax) were calculated as “formability index” from the tensile test, data where δ is the true strain, δmax is the limit value of the uniform elongation and σ is the true stress. High formability indices were shown by the specimens transforming to martensite from β phase by stress. Particularly, the formability index of Ti-4%Al-4%Co which was quenched from 900°C was a match for commercial pure Ti. Low formability indices were shown by the specimens having stable β phase structure. The specimens having α+Ti2Co, α+β+Ti2Co and α+β structure had moderate formability indices. Cold-rolling test indicated that the specimens transforming remarkably to martensite by stress had low reduction abilities and the specimens having stable β phase had excellent reduction abilities. Particularly, Ti-4%Al-8%Co and Ti-6%Al-6%Co quenched from β phase had the best reduction ability. The difference was caused by the reason that the ability of reduction in rolling was determined by initiation of cracks, which occurred when deformed over the limit of uniform elongation but not by the extent of uniform elongation. That is, the Ti-4%Al-8%Co alloy quenched from β phase has a low rate of strain hardening, therefore has a small uniform elongation, nevertheless can be deformed heavily beyond the limit of uniform elongation. On the other hand, the specimens forming stress-induced martensite have a high rate of strain hardening, therefore have a large uniform elongation, but begin the cracking when deformed beyond the limit of uniform elongation. It can be concluded that the specimens having a relatively stable β phase are suitable for forming, in the cases where large uniform elongation is not necessary, and the specimens readily forming stress-induced martensite are suitable for forming, in the cases requiring large uniform elongation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (778K) -
角野 浩二, 山本 美喜雄1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 531-537
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーAn investigation was made on the plastic properties of recrystallized copper foils of thickness down to 6.6 microns. It was found that the stress-strain curves of the single crystal and pseudo-single crystal (crystal having the cube texture) specimens thicker than 50 microns consisted of three deformation stages quite similar to those of bulk single crystals and that the value of the work-hardening rate in the stage II deformation decreased very sensitively with decreasing specimen thickness. The pseudo-single crystal specimens thinner than 10 microns reveal no stage II deformation, but the work-hardening rate took a very high value as the tensile axis approaches to the [001] direction. The work-hardening rate of the well-developed stage II deformation in 50.8 microns thick specimens elongated in directions near [011] was much smaller than that observed in the specimens elongated in directions near [001]. Most of the slip lines observed on the surfaces of foil crystals were normally clustered in the early stage of deformation. This clustered distribution of slip lines became more marked with increasing strain when the tensile direction of the specimens was near [001]. On the other hand, when the specimens were elongated in the direction near [011], the distribution of slip lines tended to be uniform as the deformation became larger. The cross-slip lines of a zig-zag form was observed on 6.6 microns thick specimens elongated in the [001] direction. The work-hardening characteristics of copper foil crystals were discussed in terms of the possible types of interactions between dislocations operating during deformaton. It is suggested that the work-hardening rate in the stage I deformation is closely related to the frequency of occurence of the sessile reaction between dislocations and that the origin of the stage II deformation is the complicated configuration of dislocations induced by large stress field around dislocation groups piled up against the sessile dislocation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1320K) -
大槻 太郎, 安藤 顕一郎1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 537-540
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe materials for anodes of miniaturized electron tubes, especially htgh power receiving tubes, must be proof enough against great anode loss. And in many cases, aluminium-clad iron does not meet the requirement enough. Therefore, a five-layer clad metal, the base being very good heat-conductive pure copper with both sides coated with iron first and with aluminium next, has been examined and the following results have been obtained. (1) The optimum conditions of heat treatment are as follows: 10 min heating at 450°, 500°C or 550°C in the air and then 5 min hydrogen treatment at 700°C, or 10 min heating at 450°C or 500°C in the air and then 5 min hydrogen treatment at 800°C. It tends to evolve less quantity of gas than aluminium-clad iron. (2) In the range of anode loss from approximately 1 watt/cm2 to 4′ watr/cm2, the metal concerned has been clearly found to be proof against anode loss more than aluminium-clad iron and to be, therfore, very suitable for an anode material for high-power tubes. Moreover, it showed satisfactory results in practical test. (3) It has sufficient workability for forming anode.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (439K) -
八木 芳郎, 栗原 正男1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 540-544
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe improvement of hot-workability of consumable electrode arc melted metal was examined by high temperature torsion test. The test materials were air-melted AISI 316 stainless steel and its consumable electrode arc-remelted specimens. The oxygen content decreased remarkably from 0.0084% to 0.0033% and the Mn content a little from 1.84% to 1.42% by arc-remelting, but the other contents showed no change. The forgings were solution-treated at 1150°C for 1 hr and water-quenched. All the specimens showed the micro-structures of austenite, and the results of tensile tests and impact tests at room and high temperatures showed no difference between air-melted and arc-melted specimens, except for the reduction of area of the former was slightly higher than that of the latter. Tensile tests of specimens water-quenched from various temperatures of hot torsion tests, also show the same results as above, and their structures were always of austenite. High temperature torsion tests were carried out at 650°, 800°, 900°, 1000°, 1,100° and 1,200°C at the rotation speed of 30 rpm and 128 rpm. The number to failure were minimum at 800°C and then increased with rise of temperature, while the maximum torque values decreased gradually. In these tests, the arc-melted material, which is almost the same with air-melted one in tensile properties and structures as mentioned above, indicates higher value in the number to failure, the maximum torque values and the area surrounded by the revolution-torque curves. These results show that the consumable-electrode arc-melted material is superior to air-melted one in hot workability as well as resistance to deformation at high temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (844K) -
作井 誠太, 森 勉1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 545-549
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe yielding behavior of aluminum-magnesium alloys (0.86, 2.05 and 4.75 Mg), which show a distinct lower yield point and a propagation of Lueders bands during yielding, was studied under dynamic loading at room temperature and compared to that under static test. The observed rise of the lower yield stress under dynamic test was interpreted as due to the rise of stress for unpinning the dislocations from their locking atmosphere and the rise of frictional stress due to small contribution of thermal fluctuation to unpinning and movement of dislocations, by using the equation suggested by A.H.Cottrell. Besides, the effect of magnesium content on the frictional stress was discussed by considering the degree of precipitating or clustering of solute atoms and dislocation cutting to produce point defects, and clustering or precipitating was identified as the effective factor. The multiple yielding, observed at static test for aluminum-magnesium alloys, did not take place under dynamic loading. The absence of the multiple yielding was interpreted as due to the lack of time for magnesium atoms to migrate to dislocations during deformation and to pin them down.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (739K) -
作井 誠太, 森 勉1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 549-551
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe tensile strength and the elongation of aluminum-magnesium alloys (0.86, 2.05 and 4.75%Mg) were studied under dynamic and static loadinng at room temperature. Dynamic loading gave larger tensile strength than static test, by 25% for 0.86%Mg alloy, by 15% for 2.05%Mg alloy and 5% for 4.75%Mg alloy. The specimen with fine grains showed larger tensile strength than that with coarse grains for all the alloys under both static and dynamic test. At dynamic test, a larger value of elongation to fracture was obtained. This phenomenon was interpreted as due to the lack of time during deformations for magnesium atoms to migrate to dislocations and to pin down them. The above interpretation was consistent with the absence of multiple yielding at dynamic test, as previously reported by the authors.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (287K) -
1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 552a
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPlease see PDF Wrong:Tokyo Institute of Technology Right:Tokyo Institute of Technology, Research Laboratory of Precision Machinery and Electronics, Tokyo抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (76K) -
1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 552b
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF参照 （誤）Tokyo Institute of Technology, 10.60, 万能測顕微鏡, 45 （正）Tokyo Institute of Technology, Research Laboratory of Precision Machinery and Electronics, Tokyo, 10.68, 万能測微顕微鏡, 40抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (76K) -
1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 552c
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF参照 （誤）Mg 40% Al, (Department of Metallurgy, Faculty of Enginering Iwate Upniversity, Morioka), 顕微鏡に追求して （正）Mg-40% Al, (Department of Metallurgy, Faculty of Engineering, Iwate University, Morioka), 顕微鏡にて追求して抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (76K) -
1962 年 26 巻 8 号 p. 552d
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDFを参照 （誤）in the alkaline, ・塩酸溶液・ピクリン酸・塩酸・アルコール溶液・, 改良型試薬, 白金黒と陽極で, heated 3 hr at 1100°C, 15 mmφ bar, α, Fig. 1, hydrochloric acid aqueous solution at, chloric acid water, M+MZ+, 腐食されずステンレス鋼の, α相をも着色する． （正）in alkaline, ・塩酸溶液，ピクリン酸・塩酸・アルコール溶液，, 改良型村上試薬, 白金黒と陰極で, heated 3 hrs at 1100°C, [PDFを参照], σ, [PDFを参照], hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and hydrochloric acid aqueous solution at chloric acid in water, M→MZ+, 腐食されず，ステンレス鋼の, σ相をも着色する．抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (76K)
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