巻号一覧
40 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の17件中1～17を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
中道 琢郎, 佐藤 徳次郎, 長山 幸雄1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 867-873
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーLight Figures of (Mg, Mn)O-Al2O3 and Fe3O4 have been studied and new reagent to develop the (100) light figure was obtained for the former. To obtain light figures in (Mg, Mo)O-Al2O3, the formation of thermal etch pits is more effective, giving all of the (100), (110) and (111) light figures. The role of the chemical reagent was also carefully examined in cases of the new reagent for (Mg, Mn)O-Al2O3 and HCl for Fe3O4, and it is concluded that the specific reagent helps one or two specific side planes to develop for etch pit formation. While the character of the side plane to form an etch pit is classified into three categories, deficient, perfect and excessive, according to the crystallographic relation between the side plane itself and the related etch pit and only a perfect-type side plane is able to form a sharp etch pit and therefore a sharp light figure. The lack of the (110) light figure in (Mg, Mn)O-Al2O3 crystals etched by the new reagent and of the (100) light figure in Fe3O4 etched by HCl is interpreted under such a consideration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1072K) -
井上 明久, 小倉 次夫, 増本 健1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 874-880
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーObservations by transmission electron microscopy were made on internal defects of cementite in 1.25%C steel annealed after 92% cold rolling.
(1) In the case of isochronal annealing (5 hr) in the temperature range from 200°C to 700°C, no distinct change in the defect structures in cementite was observed at temperatures below 400°C. At 500°C and/or 600°C, Moiré fringes disappeared completely, and a remarkable decrease in dislocation density and the formation of clear sub-boundaries were observed. The spheroidization of cementite was also observed. At 700°C, internal defects disappeared in most of cementites except for a few cementites. The recovery of ferrite proceeded by the annealing at 300°C. The recrystallization started at 400°C and was completed at 500°C. The grain growth took place at temperatures higher than 500°C. (2) Isothermal annealing was carried out up to 15 hr at 700°C. A remarkable decrease in dislocation density and the formation of sub-boundaries were observed in the cementites annealed for 0.5 hr and/or 1 hr. By the annealing for 5 and 15 hr, the spacing among the dislocations forming sub-boundaries increased and the frequency of its observation was markedly reduced. These results indicate that the recovery of cementite is almost completed by the annealing for 15 hr at 700°C. On the other hand, the recrystallization of ferrite was found to be completed by the annealing for 0.5 hr.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1200K) -
長谷川 嘉雄, 花崎 伸作, 安富 雅典, 木下 賢二1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 881-888
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThis paper describes the crystal-lographical cutting mechanism of large crystals of copper following the preceding work on Fe-3.5%Si. The experiment was conducted under the two dimensional cutting. The large crystals (about 4∼25 mm) were produced by slow solidification in vacuum furnace. The orientation of the crystals were determined by the Laue X-ray back reflection method.
The main results obtained are as follows:
(1) The {111}⟨110⟩ slip system is the only one in copper and is classified into the positive and the negative slip system. The ratio of the activated negative slip system to the positive one is 0.1∼0.3 for almost all grains and can be forecast from both the crystal orientation and the cutting direction.
(2) In this experiment the specific cutting resistance varied from 41 kg/mm2 up to 93 kg/mm2 depending upon the crystal orientation. This variation is based on both the area of the shearing plane and the work-hardening.
(3) In applying the critical cutting angle of annealed polycrystal copper, the thrust force becomes positive for a large shear angle.
(4) The cut surface becomes good under a small cutting force.
(5) Lamella spacing on the free surface of chip is affected by the situation of chip flow, i.e., it becomes coarser with the increased restriction of chip flow. The direction of lamella is perpendicular to that of chip flow.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (874K) -
飛田 守孝, 山田 益男, 太田 陸奥雄1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 888-897
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe influence of quenching temperature on the formation of G.P.zones and on the pre-transition (or fluctuation) in Al-1.28 wt%Cu and −3.82 wt%Cu has been investigated by measuring the changes of electrical resistivity and by taking X-ray Laue photographs and electron micrographs. Each G.P.zone solvus (TG.P.) of Al-1.28 wt%Cu and −3.82 wt%Cu alloys is 80°C and 190°C respectively. The specimen aged above the TG.P. reaches the “clustered state” (i.e. the state of pre-transition). The fluctuation makes diffuse X-ray scattering along the ⟨110⟩ axis at a higher angle of {311}α spots. G.P.zones in Al-3.82 wt%Cu alloy exhibit a sort of arrow-like weak streaks streching from {311}α spots and θ″ zones in the alloy show needle-like strong streaks extending from the nodes corresponding to the reciprocal spots of the θ″ zones. The electrical resistivity is increased by those θ″ zones formed in the fluctuated state. The facility of the formation and microstructure of G.P.zones on aging seem to be influenced by the quenching temperature. The precipitation sequence is as follows:
(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.)
C.V.: the concentration of excess vacancy, D.S.C: the degree of supersaturation of Cu atom, I: G.P.zones shall be able easily to be transformed to θ″ zones, II: Al-1.28 wt%Cu alloy quenched to 0°C water, III: Al-3.82 wt%Cu alloy quenched to 200°C oil bath, IV: Al-3.82 wt%Cu alloy quenched to 0°C water.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1336K) -
坂本 芳一, 松本 悟, 若野 晃一1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 897-902
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーA study on the effect of cathodic hydrogen charging on the directionality of hydrogen blistering, macro stress and micro-strain in the high tensile strength steel specimens sampled from different directions was carried out by X-ray diffraction technique and hydrogen permeation measurement.
The following results were obtained.
(1) Hydrogen blisters and hydrogen cracks formed in the steel plate by cathodic charging occur parallel to the rolled surface of the plate but not in other directions. (2) Lattice parameter of the rolled surface of the plate increases with charging and that of the thickness surface increase at the onset of charging and then decreases with charging. (3) Compressive macro stress is produced in the rolled surface of the steel plate with charging but small tensile macro stress occur in the thickness surface of the steel plate. Micro-strain in the rolled surface of the plate increases with charging, while that in the thickness surface of the plate shows no remarkable change. (4) The directionality of diffusivity and solubility of hydrogen in the steel plate is also observed. The steel membrane sampled parallel to the rolled surface of the plate has a lower diffusivity and a higher solubility of hydrogen than the samples of other directions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1054K) -
三谷 裕康, 花立 有功, 真島 一彦1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 903-908
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIt is known that the Fe-Ni binary mixed powder compacts well contracts during the sintering process, in which case only the Fe powder of coarse particle size such as electrolytic Fe or reduced Fe powder and carbonyl Ni powder of fine particle size have been used.
However the effect of particle size on the sintering behavior has not been considered. Therefore, in this work, by use of Fe and Ni powders of coarse and fine particle sizes, dimensional changes during sintering were investigated mainly through the differential dilatometer.
The results obtained are summarized as follows. During sintering, expansion was observed in the Fe-Ni mixed powder compacts, of the same grain size. In the case of the Fe-Ni compacts composed of coarse Fe powder and fine Ni powder, sintering was remarkably accelerated. Similar phenomena were observed in the case of the sintering of the coarse Fe-fine Fe powder compacts. These results suggested that the shrinkage due to the sintering of the fine powders played an important role in the acceleration of sintering. However, the amount of shrinkage for the former was larger than that for the latter. Therefore in addition to the fine powder effect, the essential mechanism of the accelerated sintering due to Ni additions must be considered, as shown in the sintering of the coarse Fe-coarse Ni mixed powder compacts containing up to 2 wt%Ni.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (934K) -
曽根 匠, 山中 久彦1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 908-914
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーMetals are nitrided by glow discharge in the low pressure atmosphere involving nitrogen. The ion-nitriding process using this phenomenon has many advantages over the conventional nitriding process and has become the subject of increasing concern. The basic research of ion-nitriding has been reported by some workers, but there are very few systematical investigations on it.
In this experiment, the nature of the surface layer of SACM-1 steel produced by ion-nitriding under various conditions has been investigated by means of micro-vickers hardness testing, X-ray diffraction and wear testing, compared with that by the conventional nitriding with ammonia gas. The following results are obtained.
(1) The thickness of the compound layer is notably affected by such factors as the nitrogen gas ratio in the atmosphere, the processing temperature and time, and the gas pressure. However, the depth of the nitriding layer is affected only by the processing temperature and time. The hardness of the nitriding layer is influenced considerably by the processing temperature, and the highest hardness is obtained at 500°C.
(2) Within the range of this experiment, the ε-Fe2−3N and γ′-Fe4N phases are found to be formed on the surface of SACM-1 steel even if the N2 gas ratio in the atmosphere is small.
(3) The ion-nitriding process has higher rate of nitriding than the conventional nitriding process using ammonia gas.
(4) The ion-nitrided and the ammonia gas nitrided specimens showed a considerably improved wear resistance at a sliding speed of 1.37 m/sec, at which the amount of wear in the untreated specimen is maximum, and at a higher sliding speed producing scuffing, showing better wear resistance than the untreated specimen.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (606K) -
板垣 孟彦, 渡辺 亨, 依田 連平1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 914-920
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe creep rupture life of superalloys at high temperature in air is, sometimes, much longer than expected from its normal dependence on stress.
From a study of the creep rupture on Ni-20Cr-3W alloy, it was found that an extended rupture life took place exclusively in creep testing in an oxdizing atmosphere under a low stress, and that a deceleration of the deformation was observed for these specimens in a stage where an acceleration should be observed in normal cases. Since the acceleration is explained by propagation of cracks, this reverse trend is assumed to be due to the inhibition of crack propagation. A “pinning” of cracks by oxide particles formed at the tip of cracks was revealed metallographically for the specimens tested in the oxidizing atmosphere. As no extended rupture life was recognized for the specimens in the oxidizing atmosphere under a high stress, this pinning is thought to have an important role only in the creep under a considerably lower stress.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (900K) -
増本 量, 小林 猛郎, 中山 孝文1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 921-924
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn order to determine the stability of magnetic properties, the remanence Br at high temperatures has been mainly investigated for Co-36%W and Co-26%Mo alloys subjected to heat treatment at various temperatures. A very small fluctuation of 0.3% in Br has been observed for 530 hr at 720°C in the former alloy and 2000 hr at 660°C in the latter. This result shows that these alloys have better stability in Br at higher temperatures than an Alnico-type alloy obtained by McCaig.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (411K) -
新井 透, 藤田 浩紀, 水谷 正義, 小松 登1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 925-932
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーWhen steels containing carbon are heated at 850∼1050°C in a fused borax bath containing Fe-V, Fe-Nb, Fe-Cr or metallic Cr powder, the carbide layers such as VC, NbC, Cr7C3, etc. are formed on the steel surfaces, respectively. Effects of the treating condition and steel composition on the growth rate and composition of such carbide layers were investigated with the aid of microstructure observations, electron probe microanalysis and X-ray diffraction analysis.
The results obtained are as follows:
(1) The carbide is supposed to grow on the front surface of the carbide layers by the reaction between carbide-forming elements dissolved in the fused borax and carbon atoms successively supplied through the layer from the matrix.
(2) The growth rate of the carbide layers was controlled by the diffusion rate of C in the carbide layer and the C content in the matrix.
(3) The activation energies for diffusion of C in the carbide layers were about 45000, 50000 and 40000 cal/mol for VC, NbC and Cr7C3+Cr23C6, respectively.
(4) The carbide layers did not or scarcely contain Fe and alloying elements such as W, Mo, Cr or V.
(5) The carbon content in the VC or NbC layer was about 90% of the stoichimetric values.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (786K) -
片山 巖, 柴田 純, 青木 松秀, 幸塚 善作1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 932-937
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe e.m.f. of the following galvanic cell with ZrO2+CaO solid electrolyte has been measured at temperatures between 850 and 1050°C in the entire composition range of solid solutions of Fe3O4-ZnFe2O4 with spinel type structure. (-)Fe_3O_4, Fe_2O_3/ZrO_2+CaO/(Fe_3O_4)_x(ZnFe_2O_3)_1-x, Fe_2O_3(+)
Thermodynamic functions are derived from the results. The activity of magnetite shows a small positive deviation from Raoult’s law at low magnetite concentrations and obeys Raoult’s law at high magnetite concentrations. The activity of zincferrite calculated by integration of the Gibbs-Duhem equation shows a small positive deviation from Raoult’s law in the entire range of the composition. The integral free energy of formation of the solid solutions has a minimum at near XFe3O4=0.5. The results obtained in this investigation were compared with previously published data.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (479K) -
香川 昌宏1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 938-945
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe reaction of titanium and titanium nitride deposition from titanium (IV) bromide vapor in a flow system was investigated by measuring the deposition rates. In the deposition of titanium by using hydrogen as a carrier gas, the deposition rate was found to have a maximum when the partial pressure of bromide was varied while maintaining the substrate at constant temperatures in the vicinity of 1400°C. In order to explain this result, it was assumed that the deposition reaction apparently consists of two kinds of reactions, a true deposition reacton of titanium and a etching reaction of the titanium substrate by bromide, and that the rate equation of the deposition reaction is expressed by v(p)=k1pa−k2pb, where a, b, k1 and k2 are constants, v(p) is the measured deposition rate of titanium, p is the partial pressure of bromide and the first and second terms are rates of the true deposition and the etching reaction, respectively. This equation seems to allow a qualitative explaination of the observed relations between v(p) and p. By using pure nitrogen as the carrier gas, golden yellow titainum nitride was deposited above a substrate temperature of 1260°C. The activation energy of this reaction was 67 kcal/mol. Golden yellow titanium nitride was also deposited above 1000°C by using hydrogen-nitrogen mixtures as carrier gases, in which the gas with a 1:1 mixing ratio reavealed the fastest deposition rate.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (688K) -
上出 英彦, 菅原 英夫1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 946-951
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーEffects of chloride concentration, applied potential and prestrain on stress corrosion cracking (S.C.C.) of 18-8 stainless steel in 5 N H2SO4-NaCl solutions were studied by means of the stress-relaxation method. The results obtained are as follows:
(1) A correlation was observed between the decrease in the applied stress and that in the residual area of specimens which were cracked by S.C.C. It is considered, therefore, that the decrease in the applied stress can be used as a measure for estimating the susceptibility to S.C.C.
(2) The transgranular S.C.C. was observed on the prestrained specimens which were tested in 5 N H2SO4-(0.2∼0.8) M NaCl solutions. The critical potential at which S.C.C. occurs in these solutions became higher with increasing NaCl concentration. The depth of cracks increased with an increase in the applied potential.
(3) S.C.C. was not observed on the as solution-treated specimens, wherease it was observed on the prestrained specimens. The numbers of cracks and corrosion striations observed on the prestrained specimens depended on the degree of prestraining.
(4) The defects which are introduced in specimens by prestraining are thought to be an important cause of the initiation of S.C.C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (958K) -
水渡 英昭, 山田 養司, 大谷 正康1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 951-958
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThermodynamic properties of the binary melt PbO-B2O3 and the ternary melts PbO-B2O3-Li2O (Na2O, K2O) have been studied by measuring the emf of the following cell:
(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.)
\ oindentThe activities of lead oxide have been calculated in the temperature range from 800 to 1000°C. The partial and integral molar properties of the system PbO-B2O3 have been calculated at 1000°C. The results obtained are compared with previous experimental data. It was found in the ternary melts PbO-B2O3-Li2O (Na2O, K2O) that at constant boron trioxide mole fraction, alkali metal oxide raises the activity coefficient of lead oxide in the range of compositions investigated.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (651K) -
南條 道夫, 中澤 重厚, 矢沢 彬, 谷内 研太郎1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 958-964
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーMass spectrometric analysis of the vapour phase of Se-Te alloys was performed by means of a mass filter. The heat of vaporization and activities of Se and Te were measured over the whole composition range. The activity data on Se and Te showed a positive deviation from Raoult’s law at 714 K. The highest departures were observed in the dilute solutions.
The trimer, Te3, was detected over Te and Se-Te alloy melts. The vapour phase of Se-Te alloys was very complex to form Se, Se2, Te, SeTe, Se2Te, Se3, SeTe2, Se4, Te3, Se3Te, Se5, Se2Te2 and Se4Te within 500 amu.
The inexpensive mass-filter was found to be serviceable for the study of the complex system.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (569K) -
駒井 謙治郎1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 964-968
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe exo-electron emissions from metal surfaces subjected to repetitive stresses have been studied using an electron-multiplier counting system, and the environmental effects on fatigue strength are discussed from the viewpoint of the exo-electron emissions.
The exo-electrons from metal surfaces are extraordinarily increased by repetitive stresses and take a maximum value at a fixed number of cycles (Nemax). Thereafter the number of emitted electrons gradually decreases and becomes almost constant. The decay of emission rate after the release of stress repetitions is very fast, its half time being shorter than 1 sec. The decay behaviors at cycle numbers before and after Nemax are defferent; the decay is remarkably fast at the beginning of fatigue cycles. The decay of the emission rate from the surfaces subjected to fatigue damages is, however, smaller than that from the mechanically processed surfaces, which shows the more persistent emission characteristics caused by the former than by the latter. The pulse height distribution of emitted electrons is hardly affected by the progress of fatigue damage. However, sufficient allowances should be made for the role of exo-electrons in the environmental effects on fatigue strength, in view of the energy height of exo-electrons. The number of exo-electrons per cycle increases drastically with increasing stress cycle frequency.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (415K) -
大石 敏雄, 藤村 俊生, 小倉 邦明, 森山 徐一郎1976 年 40 巻 9 号 p. 969-973
発行日: 1976年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーModified galvanic cell arrangements using CaF2 solid electrolytes have been used to measure the sulphur potential of Mn-MnS and of Fe-FeS.
The galvanic cell used were:
(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.)
The data can be represented as a linear function of temperature:
(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.)
The standard molar free energies of formation of MnS and FeS were calculated using the data of the standard molar free energy of formation of Ag2S reported by Thompson and Flengas:
(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.)
\ oindentThe results were compared with reported values.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (383K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|