巻号一覧
32 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の18件中1～18を表示しています
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古川 徹1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 105-110
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe age hardening process in 17-7 PH stainless steel has been investigated by hardness and X-ray diffraction measurements. The hardening process observed by the investigation is summarized as follows:
On aging under 500°C, the initial rapid increase in hardness is mainly attributed to a zone formation of solute atoms (Ni and Al), and the subsequent gradual increase mainly to the precipitation reaction of an intermetallic compound phase based on NiAl. The maximum hardness is reached in the course of the precipitation reaction mentioned above.
The increase in hardness in the aging above 500°C is mainly attributed to the precipitation reaction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2381K) -
森川 博文, 清水 謙一, 西山 善次1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 111-116
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーTransmission electron microscope study has been made on the structure of beta phase in quenched Cu-14.80 at%Sn alloy, and also on the structure of its decomposition products by tempering. Firstly it has been confirmed that the decomposition products are α- and δ-phases. Their orientation relationships are (111)α\varparallel(110)δ, [10\bar1]α\varparallel[1\bar11]δ, the principal axes of δ coinciding with those of the matrix beta phase (called β2). The η-phase seems to precipitate on tempering at comparatively low temperatures. For the matrix in the quenched alloy, its electron micrograph has a mottled structure in most cases. The diffraction pattern of such a structure has spots of α-, δ-, or η-phase besides those of β2. It seems therefore that the retained phase obtained by quenching is partly tempered by beam heating in the electron microscope. The structure of β2 is basically of Fe3Al type, but it has a long period 3 times greater than its (110) spacing.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2268K) -
西山 善次, 清水 謙一, 森川 博文1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 116-123
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe banded martensite (β′) in a quenched Cu-Sn alloy containing 24.5 wt%Sn has been studied by transmission electron microscopy. From diffraction patterns it is concluded that β′ has an orthorhombic close-packed lattice of AB′AC′ type. In the electron micrograph, striations are found to be parallel to the (122) plane. These striations and the elongation of diffraction spots perpendicular to them show the existence of stacking faults (spacing about 100 Å) due to the martensite transformation. The orientation relationships between the β′ martensite and the parent β1-phase are (001)β′||(110)β1, [\bar2\bar10]β′||[\bar111]β1, the habit plane of the β′ martensite plate being near (\bar22\bar3)β1.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2469K) -
森川 博文, 清水 謙一, 西山 善次1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 123-130
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーAn electron microscope study has been made on the wedge-shaped martensite β″ in Cu-24.5 wt%Sn alloy, which was produced by quenching into water and then dipping in liquid nitrogen.
From the diffraction patterns it is found that the β″ martensite has a close-packed orthorhombic structure of AB′ stacking. Its microstructure consists of lamellae, with the direction parallel to the (121) plane, and spots due to (121) twin are observed in the diffraction pattern. From these facts it is concluded that the β″ martensite has twin faults due to the transformation. Moreover finer striations were observed within them. These striations are thought to be contrasts of stacking faults parallel to (1\bar21) planes.
The orientation relationships between β″ martensite and the parent phase β1 are ” ||(110)_β1, [\bar210]_β” ||[\bar11\bar1]_β1.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2696K) -
中江 仁, 山村 秀美1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 130-135
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn the grain growth by strain-anneal of cold-rolled silicon-iron sheet containing 3.30 wt%Si, four kinds of grain growth were found up to 10% of reduction. It was presumed that these were Goss type secondary recrystallization, normal grain growth, Cube type secondary recrystallization and grain boundary migration respectively, all induced by strain. Also, these were explained by an alternative relation between the strain energy and the impurity effect on the grain growth.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2312K) -
幸塚 善作, 大石 敏雄, 森山 徐一郎1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 136-142
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThermodynamic properties of liquid Ag-Pb alloys have been determined by Oelsen’s calorimetric method. In this experiment the temperatures of alloys as well as those of water in calorimeter were continuously measured in the alloy temperature range 1000° to 100°C, so that the temperatures of alloys were recorded as a function of water temperature.
Based on these experimental results all thermodynamic quantities of the liquid alloys at 1000°C were calculated and it was found that activities of both components of the alloys had a considerably positive deviation from Raoult’s law, and heats and entropies of mixing had also more positive values than those of ideal solution.
From this study it has been known that the present calorimetric method is highly reliable for determining the thermodynamic properties of Ag-Pb binary alloys.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1995K) -
門間 改三, 須藤 一, 上原 紀興1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 143-149
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーMechanical properties of several low carbon martensites were tested and the relationship between the microstructure and the strength was discussed. The nominal compositions of steels used were 0.2%C-3%Ni-2 at%(Ni, Cr, Mn or Si). The microstructures were examined by means of electronmicroscopy and X-ray line broadening. The results are summarized as follows: (1) Diffraction domain size in martensites seems to correspond to the dislocation spacing. (2) The most important lattice defects contributing to the strength of low carbon martensites are dislocations locked by carbon atmosphere or carbides. (3) Charpy impact tests were carried out on steels having the same austenite grain size (ASTM No.3) and tensile strength (70 kg/mm2) and it was observed that transition temperature was lowered by alloying chromium.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2125K) -
久保田 正1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 149-154
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーSeveral burnable poison dispersions -TiB2, ZrB2, WB and WB2- in CaO stabilized ZrO2 were subjected to a steep temperature gradient near the melting temperature of ZrO2 to investigate the compatibility of burnable poison materials with ZrO2.
The principal results obtained are as follows: \setlength\labelwidth10mm\setlength\leftmargin13mm\setlength\labelsep3mm[1.] TiB2 and ZrB2 were found to be compatible with ZrO2 up to a high temperature near the melting point of ZrO2. [2.] WB and WB2 were found to be compatible with ZrO2 up to 1900°C.
Above 1900°C, some WB decomposed into W2B and W, and WB2 into WB, W2B and W. In addition, the adequacy of each borides as burnable poison dispersions in ZrO2 was discussed in connection with the fuel element design and the reactor operation condition.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1740K) -
石井 満1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 154-159
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe impact extrusion of mild steels containing less than 0.17 wt% carbon was investigated to make clear the effects of carbon contents, extrusion ratio, and impact velocity on the temperature dependence of the extrusion punch pressure up to 700°C. The impact punch pressure versus time curve of mild steels was exceedingly different depending on the extrusion temperature. At suitable temperature the effect of dynamic strain ageing appeared during the beginning and the completion of extrusion, as a result of which there appeared broad peaks in the punch pressure versus temperature curves. Irrespective of the carbon contents, the initial, i.e. high rate, punch pressure was lower than that of the final, i.e. low rate, one in the range 200° to 500°C. It is suggested that in this warm working temperature range the high rate forming is profitable from the standpoint of working energy. The peak temperature associated with the strain ageing appeared at around 600°C for the initial punch pressure and at around 450°C for the final one.
The peaks broaden with the increasing carbon contents. The increasing of punch velocity shifts the peaks to the higher temperatures and lowers the peak height. The effect of the extrusion ratio on the peak temperature is not observed. The peak height of the initial punch pressure is larger than the initial punch pressure at room temperature, when the extrusion ratio is small. However, when the extrusion ratio becomes large, the peak height becomes smaller than the punch pressure at room temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1922K) -
矢島 正美, 石井 満1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 160-163
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIt was found that the strain rate dependence of the flow stress of Nb-26 at%Zr alloy was larger than that of pure Nb at all temperatures from 201° to 573°K. Above room temperature the strain rate dependence of pure Nb disappears, but that of the alloy is still significant. At 77°K the alloy deforms by twinning and the flow stress becomes insensitive to the strain rate. The stress dependence of activation volume of this alloy was almost the same as that of Nb. The activation volume increases sharply with decreasing effective stress at low stress level, but it becomes nearly constant at the stress larger than 5 kg/mm2, taking 10-20b3. The activation energy however was always larger than that of pure Nb. It is suggested that the rate controlling mechanism for the flow of the alloy is the same as for Nb. Assuming that double kink formation is the rate controlling process, the kink energy of the alloy was determined as about 1.25 eV, which is nearly three times larger than that of Nb.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1332K) -
北島 貞吉, 太田 道雄, 海江田 弘也1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 164-169
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーCopper single crystals were annealed in order to lower the dislocation density. Dislocation distribution and density were observed using an etch pit technique.
Copper single crystals were grown by the Bridgman method in vacuum (∼2×10−5 mmHg) and in Ar gas from electrolytic high purity copper (99.999%). Grown-in dislocation density was 2∼5×105/cm2. Parallelepiped specimens (∼5×5×70 mm) were prepared by cutting and polishing with acid. Their dislocation density increased to ∼106/cm2. Specimens were annealed in vacuum (∼2×10−5 mmHg) by two methods; (1) isothermal annealing and (2) thermal cyclic annealing. In the latter case, a reciprocating furnace was used.
The results obtained were as follows; (1) In isothermal annealing, a lot of sub-boundaries were formed and the decreasing rate of dislocation density was small. (2) In thermal cyclic annealing, the dislocation density decreased from ∼106/cm2 to ∼103/cm2, and sub-boundary was not formed. (3) For the specimen grown in Ar gas, the decreasing rate of dislocation density was small.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3087K) -
邦武 立郎1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 170-173
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe inter-relations between the microstructural factors and hardness have been investigated on the quenched and tempered structure of 0.1∼0.6%C low-alloy steels under various tempering conditions above 550°C. The radius of carbide and ferrite grain size were determined by electron-microscopy and the multi-regression analysis was conducted on the relation of these factors to hardness. Hv = 0.8893 λ^-1/2 + 0.6884 l^-1/2 + 8.02w_c + 41, where Hv, λ, l and wc are Vickers hardness, inter-carbide distance (cm), mean free-ferrite-path from grain boundary to grain boundary (cm) and the amount of carbide (%), respectively. It was shown that the response of a low-alloy steel to softening due to tempering is understood by the effect of the alloying element on λ and l.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1245K) -
鷹合 徹也1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 174-179
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe ductility improvement of the electron beam melted molybdenum due to the addition of small amounts of boron carbide, yittrium, beryllium, germanium, etc. (0.02∼0.1 wt%) has been studied mainly by means of the tensile test, the Charpy impact test, resistance ratio measurements and O2 gas analysis. The recrystallization temperatures of the electron beam melted molybdenum wires with the addition of small amounts of boron carbide (below 0.05 wt%) and yittrium (0.02 wt%) were depressed 50°∼100°C than those of conventional molybdenum wires produced by the sintering method and the electron beam melting method without additions of alloying elements. And the yield stress of recrystallized wires were also about 15% lower than those of conventional molybdenum wires.
The maximum elongation values of boron carbide and yittrium added molybdenum wires were 45% and 37%, respectively, and these values were 10 to 50% higher than that of conventional molybdenum wire. The ductile to brittle transition temperature of the electron beam melted molybdenum rod was lowered by a small boron carbide addition (0.02 wt%) and an excellent ductility was obtained at room temperature for the fully recrystallized specimens.
The measured residual resistivity of some elctron beam melted molybdenum wires with the addition of small quantities of boron carbide and yittrium were less than 1/2 as compared to that of conventional molybdenum wire, and correspondingly the O2 gas content were about 1/2∼1/14 of the O2 gas content of conventional molybdenum wires.
According to the electron diffraction patterns, the grain boundary inclusions of molybdenum ingots with the addition of yittrium were neither carbide nor oxide of molybdenum and yittrium, suggesting the presence of complex compound, which was thought to be independent of grain boundary brittleness.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2819K) -
川村 和郎, 渡辺 四郎, 鈴木 節雄1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 180-183
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn order to establish a method of phase analysis of niobium, the chemical behaviour of niobium compounds synthesized has been made. Extraction of niobium compounds from steel was well carried out in cold hydrochloric acid; the extract was found by X-ray diffraction to be almost carbonitride. Electron microscopic observation proved existence of very fine precipitates of niobium compounds (smaller then 0.5 μ).
The recommended procedure for phase analysis of niobium in steel is as follows: The sample is decomposed in cold hydrochloric acid at room temperature. The residue (acid insoluble niobium fraction) is filtered and treated with NH4F·HF and H2O2 under heating, thus niobium as carbonitride being determined from the solution and niobium as oxide from the insoluble residue.
It is shown from the experimental results that most of the niobium compounds in steel are the acid insoluble niobium fraction and consist mainly of carbonitride.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1518K) -
一ノ瀬 幸雄, 山下 武夫, 谷口 哲, 菱山 定夫, 小林 勝1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 184-189
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーFor high sensitive measurement of the magnetic stress sensitivity in very fine magnetic ribbons or wires, the quantity S is newly defined as the relative change with stress of the maximum e.m.f. in ac field. Measurements of S were made on the dependence of the roll-flattened Mo-Permalloy ribbons on the alloy composition and the working process before roll-flattening.
S defined here is closely related to the magnitude of magnetostriction λS and the comparison of the change in the anisotropy field with applied stress on the same ribbon indicates that the change in λS of about 0.3×10−7 can be detected as the change in S of 1%/kg/mm2.
It is also found that the optimum output voltage of the “twistor” made of Mo-Permalloy ribbon is obtained at S\simeq0.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1942K) -
一ノ瀬 幸雄, 山下 武夫, 谷口 哲, 小林 勝1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 190-195
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe ageing behaviors in the magnetic properties, especially in the magnetic stress sensitivity S, were investigated of the Mo-Permalloy ribbon roll-flattened from fine wire.
S always increases and sometimes changes the sign from negative to positive due to ageing, but the change is completely supressed if the ribbon is kept at sub-zero. Three stages on ageing has been found at the temperature range between room temperature (R.T.) and 250°C: the first stage occurs in R.T.∼75°C, the second in 125°∼200°C and the third in 200°∼250°C, and the activation energies are calculated to be about 0.95, 1.5 and 2.2 eV, respectively. It is expected from these values that the ageing process in the first stage is mainly caused by the vacancy cluster, in the second by the single vacancy and in the third by the poligonization. The ageing behaviors in S observed here can be explained by the presence of the K-state in Mo-Permalloy.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2118K) -
加藤 春男, 福田 武司, 田中 英八郎1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 195-201
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリー1% carbon steel was cold rolled up to 50∼98.4% reduction by adhering ductile materials to the sheet edges. Globular cementite particles (Fe3C) were formed on annealing the cold rolled sheet below A1 point. The effect of these particles on the annealing process and textures has been studied.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
(1) The cold rolling texture consists of three preferred orientations, (001)[\={1}10], (112)[\={1}10] and (111)[\={2}11], as in the case of iron and low carbon steels and with increasing cold rolling reduction, (111)[\={2}11] component disappears, while (001)[\={1}10] and (112)[\={1}10] components become dominant.
(2) The mean spacing of Fe3C particles is smaller than the critical diameter of the receystallization nuclei at 700°C×10 hr and becomes nearly equal at 700°C×50 hr, that is, the formation of recrystallization nuclei is remarkably retarded by Fe3C particles.
(3) Even after long annealing time (700°C×100 hr) the annealing textures are similar to the rolling texture, but at 98.4% reduction the (112)[\={1}10] component which has a higher growth rate of its subgrains than that of (001)[\={1}10] component, becomes very dominant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3194K) -
五弓 勇雄, 岸 輝雄, 小椋 学1968 年 32 巻 2 号 p. 202-207
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIt has been found that the warm-working process is an effective method to get high strength steel and the strengthening mechanism of warm-worked steels is attributable to the increase in work-hardening rate due to the mulutiplication of dislocations locked by carbon and nitrogen atoms.
In this investigation, a warm-working process was applied to the twisting of 0.1∼0.4%C steel bar and pipe.
The results are as follows:
(1) It is found that the strength of the warm-worked steel is “20∼25%” higher than that of the cold-worked steel. To get the same strength as the cold-worked steel, only a half reduction is required in the warm-working process, without losses in ductility.
(2) The most striking feature of the warm-twisted steels is a great increase in revese torsional torque. This behavior results in the decrease of the Bauschinger effect of the warm-worked steel.
(3) Cross sectional distribution of Vickers hardness in the twisted bar does not show a linear V-type distribution, that is, the hardness of the outer part decreases a little.
(4) The strength increase of twisted-steels is smaller than that calculated from the stress-strain relation of a simple tensile test with the von Mises yield condition. This is partially due to the fact mentioned in (3).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1741K)
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