Okayama Igakkai Zasshi (Journal of Okayama Medical Association)

Influence of differential hypothermia on the metabolism of the Vx2 tumors transplanted in rabbits

Ryosuke KATAGI

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 765-783
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_765

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As a non-surgical treatment of malignant tumors, it has been experimentally confirmed that the differential hypothermia (D.H.), to keep the tumor normothermic locally under total body hypothermia, showed therapeutic effect on the tumor which was intensified by combination with antitumor agents.
The application of D.H. to the treatment of malignant brain tumors in human beings and its mechanism against tumor have been discussed in the previous paper. In order to study the metabolic effect of D.H. on the tumor tissue, the present study was performed by using rabbit Vx2 tumor and applying D.H. for 10 hours. The concentrations of major metabolites of the glycolytic pathway (glucose, G-6-P, F-6-P, FDP DAP, pyruvate, lactate) and high energy phosphate bonds (ATP, ADP, AMP, P-creatine) were measured by enzymatic techniques before, during and after the D.H. treatment.
1) The G-6-P concentration in D.H.-treated tumors showed an elevation as compared with that in control. Its concentration rose to 0.251±0.044 mol/g immediately after the D.H. treatment and to 0.233+0.030 mol/g at 36th hour later.
2) Lactate concentration in D.H.-treated tumors also showed an elevation. Its concentration at 6th hour following the D.H. treatment was 18.6±1.0 mol/g at 36th hour it was 19.0±1.8 mol/g. Lactate/pyruvate ratio also elevated.
3) ATP concentration in D.H.-treated tumors decreased. Its concentration at 6th hour during the D.H. treatment was 0.708±0.108 mol/g and at 36th hour it was 0.428±0.090 mol/g. D.H.-treated tumors revealed a decrease of energy charge potentials.
These experimental results are considered to show a metabolic mechanism of the antitumor effect of the D.H. treatment and seem to be compatible with the morphological evidence of tumor disappearance reported in the previous paper.

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Homogeneity of erythrocyte catalase and its stability to SDS and to LIS in acatalasemia and hypocatalasemia mice

Junko MIZUGAKI

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 785-793
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_785

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Behavior of hemoglobin in the erythrocytes to the addition of H₂O₂ in saline was examined to be confirmed the equal distribution of catalase in erythrocyte population from acatalasemic heterozygote mouse (Cs^aCs^b) which showed the half of normal (Cs^aCs^a) catalase activity. When H₂O₂ was added in the suspension mixed erythrocytes with Cs^aCs^a and acatalasemia (Cs^bCs^b), the color changed immediately from red to brownish red with emitting a little buble of O₂. One population of erythrocyte lacking catalase activity should be caused the methemoglobin formation. In fact, rapid spectrophotometric scanning proved that the wave length of maximum absorbance were 500nm and 630nm. When H₂O₂ was added in the erythrocyte suspension from Cs^aCs^b, the color unchanged, remained red, with emitting bubles of O₂. This result was the same as in the erythrocyte suspension from Cs^aCs^a. Data indicated that erythrocyte from heterozygote (Cs^aCs^b) is consist of one population and is not two populations of Cs^aCs^a and Cs^bCs^b.
The nature of blood catalase by stability to the surfactant (SDS and LIS) was compared among normal (Cs^aCs^a), acatalasemic homozygote and heterozygote (Cs^bCs^b and Cs^aCs^b), and hypocatalasemic homozygote and heterozygote (Cs^cCs^c and Cs^aCs^c) mice. In both respects of SDS and LIS stability, Cs^aCs^a was most stable and two heterozygotes (Cs^aCs^b and Cs^aCs^c) were less stable than Cs^aCs^a. Cs^cCs^c and Cs^bCs^b, namely Cs^bCs^b were of least stability to SDS and to LIS. It was demonstrated that blood catalase molecule of acatalasemic and hypocatalasemic heterozygote (Cs^aCs^b and Cs^aCs^c) differs from that of both parents (Cs^aCs^a, Cs^bCs^b and Cs^cCs^c). It was concluded that 5 sorts of blood catalase were different each other and consist of a single molecular species and suggested that since catalase was a tetramer, the combination of subunits was different each other.

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Serum human prolactin in patient with breast cancer

Fumio ITAGAKI

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 795-818
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_795

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Endocrinological effects of prolactin on human breast cancer have not been documented.
The study was to determine relationships of serum prolactin level to clinical patterns or behaviors of breast cancer by measuring the serum prolactin level with RIA method. The first blood sample for prolactin determination was taken in the early morning when a patient was in rest and fast. Then, blood samples were taken in series after an injection of 500μg of TRH for stimulation.
Patients studied were 61, including 57 with primary breast cancer, 4 with recurrent breast cancer. Control group consisted of 10 healthy women.
Results obtained were as follows:
1) Basal level of prolactin was higher in 22 out of 61 patients (36%), compared with that of controls, and there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence in the patient whose basal level was higher than the upper limit of the control, between the each stage as well as between the pre- and postmenopausal group.
2) All patients responded to TRH stimulation and, in approximately 90% of the patient, the prolactin level reached to peak in a period of 15 to 30 minutes after the stimulation, regardless of the clinical stage and nearly one half of the patient except in stage I showed an excessive response.
However, the return to the basal level was apparently retarded and about 30% of the patients showed higher level even at 60 and 90 minutes after the TRH stimulation.
3) There was no stage difference in incidence in patients whose levels 15 and 30 minutes after the stimulation were significantly elevated.
However, the incidence in patient whose levels were higher that of the upper limit of controls was higher in patients belonged to stage II and III, compared with that in stage I.
4) No significant correlation existed between lymph node involvement and incidence of patients with high prolactin level in each stage groups.
However, significant increase was present in the 15-minute and 30-minute levels of prolactin in patients with lymph node metastases, though there was no significant difference in accordance with extension of the metastasis.
5) In histological classification, scirrhus type showed higher basal levels as well as the levels after the stimulation, compared with those of papillotubular and medullotubular types.

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Study of serum leucine aminopeptidase in lung cancer with particular reference to its isozyme fraction

Koji OKADA

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 819-840
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_819

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Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) activity and its isozyme fraction were assayed in the serum of 34 cases of lung cancer, and were compared with those in the 34 cases of stomach cancer, 12 of breast cancer and 10 of various kinds of nonneoplastic lung disease as well as those of 25 healthy subjects. The cases with those having any abnormality in the result of hepatorenal function tests were excluded from this study.
The activity of LAP was remarkably high in the lung cancer and 90% of the patients who showed abnormally high level of the activity was proved to be the lung cancer patient. The ratio of Y fraction in the isozyme of lung cancer was also significantly higher than that in any other group and this was demonstrated in 96% of the cases. Although there was no significant difference in the total activity of LAP among the stages of lung cancer, elevation of the ratio of Y fraction in isozyme was significant in accordance with the stage. This was fact even in the range of the tumor size.
As to lymphnode metastasis of lung cancer, increase in both the ratio and activity of the Y fraction was observed in association with the progress of extent of the metastasis, and there was a significant difference in the values between those having metastasis within and beyond the mediastinum. It was demonstrated that the total activity of LAP and the ratio and activity of its Y fraction were higher even in the cases with stomach or breast cancer, but it was observed in the advanced stage in contrast with the lung cancer. Furthermore, the elevation of the ratio was consistently lower than that in the lung cancer.
On the basis of the results mentioned above, it would be reasonable to signify a clinical value of assaying the Y fraction of LAP isozyme on the diagnosis and the treatment of lung cancer.

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Studies on the cornin extracted from liver

2. Purification of the rat liver microsomal cornin and its chemical properties

Akitaka DOI

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 841-849
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_841

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A curude cornin extracted from rat liver microsomes and the chemical properties of the purified cornin (MF1) were investigated.
1. Crude rat liver microsomal cornin (RLMC) inhibits the growth of L-929 cells. MF1 is purified about 4 fold from RLMC by gel filtration through Sephadex G-50 column.
2. The concentration of MF1 that inhibits the growth of L cells to 50% is 270μg/ml and this specific activity is the highest of the cornin fractions reported up to date.
3. The content of acidic amino acids is more than 23% but that of histidine and sulfurcontaining amino acids is very low in MF1.
4. MF1 shows the maximum ultraviolet absorption at 276nm and its main substance is a kind of protein, and its inhibitory effect on the cell growth diminishes by protease treatment.
5. MF1 is a single peak both by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by thin layer gel filtration and the molecular weight is calculated about 26, 000.
6. MF1 is separated in two bands by SDS-polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis and the molecular weight is estimated to be 11, 000 and 15, 000 respectively.

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CSF monoamine metabolites and cyclic nucleotides in chronic schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia or drug-induced tremor

Takuo NAGAO

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 851-861
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_851

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Lumbar CSF HVA, MHPG, 5HIAA, cAMP and cGMP were measured in 12 chronic schizophrenics with tardive dyskinesia (TD) before and 3 weeks after sodium valproate (VPA) or cyproheptadine treatment. The amount of medication was kept constant throughout the study. Three of the 7 patients treated with VPA and 1 of the 5 with cyproheptadine showed improvement. HVA levels significantly decreased and cAMP and cGMP levels significantly increased. MHPG levels increased significantly during the treatment with VPA but declined during cyproheptadine treatment. There were no significant correlations between the degree of improvement in TD and the changes of amine metabolites or cyclic nucleotides. None of the pre-treatment values for CSF amine metabolites or cyclic nucleotides were different from those of 15 chronic schizophrenics without TD as controls. Decrease in HVA and increase in cGMP during the treatment might indicate the normalization of dopaminergic-cholinergic imbalance in the brain.
Furthermore, amine metabolites and cyclic nucleotides were measured in 5 chronic schizophrenics with parkinsonian tremor. Low HVA and 5HIAA levels and high cAMP levels were observed in tremor group. However, only 5HIAA levels in tremor group were significantly lower than those in age-matched control group. It is suggested that neuroleptic-induced tremor may be attributed to serotonergic dysfunction in the brain.

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Bacteriuria in the community by testape

Tadashi OKAMOTO, Shigeo SUNAMI

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 863-868
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_863

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In the course of the screening examination of the adult diseases, 4959 inhabitants (both sex with age from 20 to 89 years) of communities in the south of Okayama Prefecture were examined bacteriuria with the nitrite testape (N-multisticks, Ames Co.) without cleaning pudenda from April to December, 1977, and the following results were obtained.
1) The rate of bacteriuria was 1.4% of the examinee, but the rate of bacteriuria of female (1.6%) was 3.2 times higher than that of male (0.5%). The rate by age of bacteriuria of male had single peak in his fifties, but that of female had bottom in her thirties, and after this age the rate rose with increasing age.
2) The cystitis of the urinary bladder or the kidney disease were the commonest disease among the past history of the cases, especially in female, with bacteriuria. About 1/4 of the cases with bacteriuria had complaints, and the pollakisuria was the commonest complaints (23.5%).
3) The cases of bacteriuria complicated with albuminuria or occult blood were superior to that non-complicated in number, and the cases of glykosuria had bacteriuria to a high rate.
4) In 59.5% of the positive cases of the N-multisticks pyuria was observed microscopically in urinary sediments.

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Scanning electron microscopic observation of the cells related to immunological phenomena

Part I. normal cells

Koji NISHIYA

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 869-885
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_869

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Human lymphocytes, granulocytes and monocytes were purified from normal human peripheral blood, using Ficoll-Conray gradient sedimentation and glass adherent activity of monocytes. The characteristics of surface structure among them were easily shown by SEM observation, e.g. monocytes had ruffled, granulocytes had ridge-like and lymphocytes had finger-like projections on their surface.
Most of purified SRBC-RFL (T-cells) had smooth surface structure. However, the approximate ten percentage of them showed the villous one. A MRBC-RFL which belonged to surface immunoglobulin bearing cells (B-cells), showed the smooth one. It was concluded from the results that it was difficult to judge only from their surface characteristics whether the lymphocytes were T-or B-cells.
Erythrophagocytosis by human monocytes bia Fc-receptor consisted of attachment, engulfment and cytolysis. SEM observation clarified the surface morphological changes of monocytes and erythrocytes in each stage. This phenomenon indicated that erythrophagocytosis might play a role in hemolysis of patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

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Scanning electron microscopic observation of the cells related to immunological phenomena

Part II. pathologic cells

Koji NISHIYA

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 887-900
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_887

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The cell surfaces under pathological states were observed by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Three cases of CLL were T-cell type, e.g. SRBC rosette forming cells, and 3 cases of ALL were null cell type. The surface structure of leukemic cells in CLL was smooth type, or intermediate type, although it was smooth type or a part of the cells had many blebs and ridge-like processes in ALL.
A part of peripheral lymphocytes in patients with SLE showed abnormal, irregular shape and had blebs, ridge-like processes. Such abnormal cells were frequently detected in the cases which T-cells were decreased.
Leukemic cells in one case of leukemic reticuloendotheliosis (acute type) had very short ridge-like projections. Monocytic leukimic cells had the similar surface structure as normal peripheral monocytes which had ruffled membranes, but their processes were larger or broader.
Plasmoid cells in patient with IgG (k) type multiple myeloma had villous surface structure, however that in IgD (λ) type were bullous. This findings suggested that the surface structure was different among immunoglobulin classes which were produced by myeloma cells.

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Spontaneous malignant transformation of rat liver cells in long-term culture

Part 2. Acquirement of tumor-producing capacity and chromosomal alteration on the eleven epithelial liver cell lines of Donryu rats

Shizuo NISHIZAKI

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 901-914
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_901

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1) For past 10 years, 11 epithelial liver cell lines from baby rats of Donryu strain have been established in our laboratory.
2) All cultured cells in the 11 cell lines showed the same epithelial morphology in early culture passages irrespective of culture methods.
3) The cultured cells progressively deviated from normal to abnormal with time in chromosome as well as in morphology during long-term cultivation; normal diploid cells shifted to aneuploid and also homogeneous epithelial cells changed to heterogeneous in shape.
4) The cells in all of the 11 cell lines eventually underwent spontaneous malignant transformation in vitro after about 600 culture days and produced tumors in syngeneic newbown rats about 300 days after inoculation.
5) Histology of tumors showed mainly hepatocarcinomas and a few sarcomatous figures.
6) Chromosome numbers of the cultured cells in the 11 cell lines were in the near-diploid range in six of them and in the hypertriploid to hypotetraploid range in the remaining five, when chromosome analysis was done at the time of malignant transformation in vitro.

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Microcirculation of gastric ulcer A scanning electron microscopic study of vascular casts

Masahiko TAKAO

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 915-948
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_915

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Under a scanning electron microscope, the microcirculation of normal and pathological stomachs was observed by a corrosion casting technique. This improved approach has been in the microvascular pattern of gastric ulcers to clarify its non-healing and recurring tendency.
In the case of a normal rat, arteries, upon penetrating the serosa and immediately branched into capillaries at the base of the gastric gland. These mucosal capillaries run upward in more or less straight lines from the submucosal plexus toward the surface and continued to the vascular net on the mucosal surface. Part of the vascular net continued into a descending collecting venule which ran downward in a straight line, increasing in diameter and continuing into a collecting vein. An arteriovenous anastomotic channel was found between the artery and vein of the submucosal plexus. Although the microvascular pattern of the normal human stomach was little more complicated than that of the rat, its basic pattern was the much same.
In the case of an experimental chronic gastric ulcer (acetic acid ulcer by Okabe), there are two unusual vascular structures, i. e., increased vessels and radiating vessels; histologically they represent zone of granulation and scar, these vessels are not observed horizontal anastomoses on each other. In particular, there are horizontal anastomose in the least between this vessel in scar and the vessel of the adjacent area. By the effects of the vagotomy and the drug (Gefarnate), this horizontal anastomose not change for the better during observation.
In the case of a human chronic gastric ulcer, this particular pattern on the microcirculation was the much same.
As a result of these observation, this particular pattern on the microcirculation can readily assumed that healing of deep ulcer is difficult. If it should heal, there appear weak points of blood supply, for the regenerated epithelium is supplied only by the poor scar vessels.

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Electron microscopic study of the histamine effect on granulation tissue growth

Ryoichi FUJIWARA

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 949-968
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_949

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Daily administration of histamine at 0.5 mg/kg ×2, s. c., and prednisolone at 5 mg/kg, p.o., significantly inhibited growth in granulomas induced by subcutaneous implantation of formalin-soaked filter-paper disks as shown by the lower dry-defatted granuloma weight compared with control group.
Electron microscopic observations showed that both histamine and prednisolone decreased the cell density of granulation tissue. In granulomas of rats treated with prednisolone, the development of fibroblast rough endoplasmic reticulum was inhibited, and many lipid droplets were found in these cells. The formation of collagen fibers was significantly inhibited in such granulation tissues.
Fibroblasts in granulation tissues from histamine-treated rats showed greater development of rough endoplasmic reticulum and had more mitochondria and dense bodies than fibroblasts of control granulation tissues. The collagen fiber formation in granulation tissue seemed more active in histamine-treated animals than in control animals. In cell counts under the electron microscope, in the period from 3 to 7 days after implantation of filter-paper disks, the percentage of macrophages in granulation tissue decreased to the total number of macrophages, fibroblasts and cells with intermediate characteristics, whereas the count of fibroblasts increased. These time-dependent changes in percentages of macrophages and fibroblasts were accelerated by histamine.
These results suggest that histamine mainly through inhibition of cell proliferation, especially of fibroblasts, and acceleration of the differentiation of these fibroblasts inhibits the formation of granulomas.

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Aging and sensitivity of rat granulation tissue and thymus to glucocorticoids

Ryoichi FUJIWARA, Kiyomi SAEKI, Seiichiro TOMITA

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 969-979
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_969

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Granulomas were induced in rats of both sexes at different weeks of age by subcutaneous implantation of formalin-soaked filter-paper disks. The sensitivity changes with aging to the antigranuloma and thymolytic actions of prednisolone acetate were studied by measuring the dry-defatted weight of granulomas and the wet weight of thymus. The prednisolone acetate effects on these tissues were also investigated by electron microscopy.
In male rats, the amount of granulation tissue increased from 6 to 12 weeks of age; but no difference in granuloma weight was evident between the 12- and 20-week-old groups. In females, the granuloma weight also increased form 6 to 8 weeks. However, heavier granulomas were found in males than in females.
In both sexes, the 20-week-old group showed lower sensitivity to the antigranuloma and thymolytic actions of prednisolone acetate than the 6- and 8-week-old groups. In the 6-, 8- and 20-week-old groups of both sexes, marked differences were not found between the antigranuloma potency and thymolytic potency of prednisolone acetate.
The prednisolone acetate dose required to produce appreciable electron microscopic changes were about the same in granulation tissue and thymus.
The present results show that rat granulation tissue and thymus have similar degrees of sensitivity to glucocorticoids and that the sensitivity of these tissues is lowered with aging.

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A study on the working conditions and health of the workers handling asbestos in a shipyard

Keiji MIMURA

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 981-991
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_981

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In order to clarify the influence of asbestos on the health of the workers engaged in works in which they use materials made of asbestos, the environmental investigation and their health examination were carried out in a shipyard where such materials have been used increasingly in recent years.
The clarified facts and the conclusions thereby were as follows:
1) At the shipbuilding plant, lagging workers and carpenters were engaged in asbestos-handling works. The environmental airs around the lagging workers and carpenters were measured and proved to have 4 and 55.4 fibres/cm³ of asbestos in maximum respectively.
Carpenters were engaged in works cutting several kinds of noninflammable board and sound proofing board. For the works, large quantity of asbestos dust was generated. It was observed that the lack of experience and knowledge for asbestos-works had delayed the measures to protect the hazards.
The need of the establishment of the countermeasures against general dust hazards as well as asbestos dust hazards must be urgently recognized.
2) The asbestos-handling works might influence on other works which were carried out simultaneously in the same new ship under construction. The prevention of asbestos hazards for other workers must be considered.
3) Chest X-ray examination explored that 35.7% of lagging workers and 31.0% of carpenters had pneumoconiosis. Asbestos bodies were found with high frequency in both groups. The facts supported that they had suffered from the exposure of asbestos substantially.
Between the two groups, differences of X-ray findings were observed; irregular small opacities in lagging workers and irregular small opacities as well as compound small opacities in carpenters. They were thought to be due to the differences of kinds of dust inhaled.
4) The countermeasures against the cutting procedure of asbestos cloth and pipe covering in the case of lagging workers, and the dust generated in high density by electric rotary saw in the case of carpenters are the urgent need to be established.

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Diagnosis of heart disease using by RI angiocardiography

Part I. Normal subjects

Masatada TANABE, Toyosato TAMAI, Etsuo KAWASE, Hisao TAKAKI, Kiichiro ...

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 993-998
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_993

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This study is to show applicability of RCG and to determine criteria for its use of normals. Instrumentation for data processing was DAP 500-2 (Toshiba, Ltd, Tokyo Japan) RI dilution curves recorded an the right ventricle, the left lung, the left ventricle of 12 normal subjects were analyzed to obtain following parameters, namely interventricular peak to peak time and C₂/C₁ ratio.
1) intraventricular peak to peak time
average: 6.40±1.18 seconds (4.808.64)
2) C₂/C₁ ratio of right ventricle
average: 0.45±0.08 seconds (0.300.59)
3) C₂/C₁ ratio of left ventricle
average: 0.38±0.09 seconds (0.220.51)
4) C₂/C₁ ratio of left lung
average: 0.45±0.08 seconds (0.300.55)

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Purification and properties of a high molecular weight acid soluble nuclear protein from mouse ascites sarcoma cells

Kimiko TSUTSUI

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 999-1013
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_999

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A high molecular weight acid soluble nuclear protein (HAN-1) was isolated in a electrophoretically homogeneous state from mouse ascites sarcoma cells (SR-C3H cells) by the exclusion chromatography in Sephacryl S-200 and the DEAE-Sephadex chromatography of the nuclear 0.2 M H₂SO₄ extract. The content of HAN-1 in SR-C3H nuclei was about 4.3% per total histone, the highest among the cell types tested. The molecular weight of HAN-1 was estimated to be 125, 000 by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The amino acid composition of HAN-1 was rich in glutamic acid, alanine, lysine and aspartic acid, the acidic/basic amino acid ratio 1.8. The in vitro RNA synthesizing activity of SR-C3H cell RNA polymerases I and II on a naked DNA template was differentially affected by HAN-1; the reaction with polymerase I was inhibited and that with polymerase II stimulated.

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Studies on the cause of iron deficiency anemia

Part 1. Clinical studies on “Iron excretion test”

Akira MIYATA

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 1015-1027
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_1015

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“Iron excretion test” was performed as an entirely new method to study iron metabolism in iron deficiency anemia. In this test, urinary iron excretion and serum iron levels were measured after intravenous administration of 10mg of saccharated iron oxide. Thirty men and 68 women were studied with this test. They were divided into four groups: 62 cases of idiopathic hypochromic anemia, 9 cases of anemia due to blood loss, 4 cases of postgastrectomy anemia and 11 healthy controls. Patient with idiopathic hypochromic anemia were divided into two subgroups according to the rate of recurrence. Cases that developed anemia at least two times despite the standarized treatment with iron preparations constituted a group difficult to control, while the other group was easy to control.
In the difficult-to-control group, urinary iron excretion showed a significant increase until two hours after injection when compared with that of the other four groups. An “Iron excretion index” was calculated to estimate the tendency for urinary iron loss more clearly. The difficult-to-control group of idiopathic hypochromic anemia had significantly higher excretion indices than other groups, which frequently exceeded 1.0.
These results suggest that excess iron excretion may be one of the causes of idiopathic hypochromic anemia. This type of anemia may be designated “Iron-losing anemia”. And “Iron excretion test” would be useful to detect this condition easily.

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Studies on the cause of iron deficiency anemia

Part 2. Induction of experimental anemia by excess iron excretion

Akira MIYATA

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 1029-1039
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_1029

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It was studied experimentally whether excess iron excretion can cause anemia in growing rats given desferrioxamine (DFO) intramusclarly.
In the group injected with 150 mg/kg DFO daily for five weeks, urinary iron excretion started to increase after one week, and then hemoglobin concentration decreased after two weeks of treatment. The difference in hemoglobin concentration between the experimental and control groups was significant when treatment was continued for four weeks, although no significant differences were observed in erythrocyte counts. Thus, hypochromic anemia was induced. However, DFO at this dose did not retard growth in rats.
In the second step, iron metabolism was examined. The same dose of DFO was administered to another group of rats every day for the same period. Compared to the control group, serum iron levels were higher in the rats injected with DFO. On the contrary, there were no differences in the total iron binding capacity. Liver nonhemin iron content in DFO-injected rats showed a marked decrease, which was nearly half of that in the controls. Diminution of bone marrow sideroblasts and bone marrow stainable iron was found at almost every case treated with DFO.
It was demonstrated in these experiments that excess iron excretion induced by DFO resulted in iron deficiency anemia. These results give an experimental support to the concept of “Iron-losing anemia”, anemia caused by the loss of nonhemin iron.

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Studies on the host immune response in cancer

Part I. Effect on immunopotentiators on mouse foot pad reaction against syngeneic tumor cell

Osami KANAGAWA

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 1041-1054
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_1041

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The immuno-modulating effect of three immunopotentiators (OK-432, PS-K, Levamisole) was studied in MH-134 bearing C3H/He mice using foot pad reaction. When tumor bearing mice were injected their own tumor cells in foot pad, foot pad thickning was observed. Microscopic examination revealed that this thickning was not due to tumor growth but caused by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cell infiltrations. This reaction was specific to their own tumor cells and was able to be transfered by spleen cells and peritoneal exudate cells. Immunopotentiators, when administered prior to tumor inoculation, these three agents had no effects on foot pad reaction, but when administered after tumor inoculation PS-K enhanced the foot pad reaction. Although cyclophosphamide had a significant suppressive effects on foot pad reaction, the reaction was restored by the concomitant use of these three immunopotentiators. This findings suggested that these immunopotentiators might restore the patient's immunity against one's own tumor when used concomitantly with cytotoxic agents in the management of cancer patient. On the other hand, concomitant use of carragheenan with OK-432 or Levamisole resulted in enhancing the suppressive effect cauced by carragheenan alone.

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Studies on the host immune response in cancer

Part II. Host immune response in lung cancer patients during chemotheraphy

Osami KANAGAWA

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 1055-1064
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_1055

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Fifty patients with nonresectable lung cancer were treated with a combination of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate and procarbazine (COMP). Twentyfour patients (50%) of 48 evaluable patients responded to the therapy. Immune function, including total lymphocyte counts, T and B lymphocyte counts, in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis by PHA and PPD and PHA skin reaction, were evealuated serially in reference to intensive cancer chemotherapy. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Although total lymphocyte counts, T and B lymphocytes counts, and in vitro blastgenic activity by PHA were significantly decreased immediately after COMP therapy, these parameters recovered to pretreatment level approximately within 3 to 4 weeks interval to next COMP therapy, there were no significant changes in PPD and PHA skin reaction following COMP therapy. 2) There was no relationship between pretreatment immune function and response to COMP therapy. 3) Recovery from impaired immune function was noted occasionally among the responders to COMP therapy. 4) A close relationship was noted between pretherapy response to PHA skin reaction, as well as pretherapy performance status, and survival of stage III lung cancer patients treated with COMP therapy.

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[title in Japanese]

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 1065-1068
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_1065

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[title in Japanese]

1978 Volume 90 Issue 7-8 Pages 1069-1072
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.90.7-8_1069

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