Okayama Igakkai Zasshi (Journal of Okayama Medical Association)

Studies on hairy cell leukemia

Part I. Establishment of a hairy cell leukemia line and its characteristics

Takao HIKITA

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 289-299
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_289

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A hairy cell leukemia (HCL) line, ZK-H, and a normal lymphoblastoid cell line, ZK-N, were established from the peripheral blood of a 69-year-old male patient. The ZK-H cells and the patient's original hairy cells shared the same surface properties; both possessed membrane-bound IgG with kappa light chains and villous surface structures. The ZK-N cells were devoid of villous surface structures and polyclonal in that they consisted of cells having different membrane-bound heavy and light chains. Both the ZK-H and ZK-N lines carried Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-determined nuclear antigen, but the patient's fresh leukemic cells lacked this antigen. The ZK-H line had a hyperdiploid chromosome constitution of 47 and trisomy No.2, but the ZK-N line had a normal chromosome constitution. The presence of membrane-bound immunoglobulin and B-cell tropic EBV in the ZK-H line provides evidence of the B-cell nature of HCL in this patient.

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Studies on a human leukemic null cell line

Part I. Establishment of a human leukemic null cell line

Hiroshi DABASAKI

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 301-309
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_301

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A new cell line (NALL-1) was established in vitro from the peripheral blood of a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). NALL-1 cells had neither properties of T and B cells nor Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Many characteristics of the NALL-1 line were distinct from those of numerous EBV-positive lymphoblastoid cell lines previously established. The NALL-1 line grew as single-cell suspension cultures with a doubling time of 72 hours and consisted of primitive lymphoid cells with large nuclei, prominent nucleoli and scanty cytoplasm. Chromosome analysis of NALL-1 cells revealed a hypodiploid karyotype with a minute marker chromosome. NALL-1 cells are considered to have originated from the donor's leukemic cells on the basis of their cytoplasmic, morphologic and functional features.

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Echocardiographic findings in essential hypertension

Yoshihiro WAKE

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 311-327
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_311

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The echocardiographic findings in a total of 123 cases of essential hypertension were studied and compared with those of healthy subjects. Electrocardiographic patterns of essential hypertension were classified into 4 groups according to the Hypertension Criteria of the Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo. The group with normal electrocardiographic findings showed reduced diastolic E to F slope (DDR), decreased total amplitude (CE) and increased A/E ratio of the anterior mitral leaflet and enlarged left atrial dimension (LAD), and thickened interventricular septum in comparison with those of the healthy subjects. The differences were staistically significant.
In essential hypertension, asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) may be present, because the thickness of the interventricular septum was significantly increased, whereas the left ventricular wall thickness was only slightly increased. Left ventricular dimension was enlarged in advanced essential hypertension. It correlated well with decreased ejection fraction (EF), decreased mVcf and increased D/C ratio.

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Anticytoplasmic antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus

Mikio MURAKAMI

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 329-340
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_329

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By the indirect fluorescent antibody technique, sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were used to stain the cytoplasm of proximal tubule cells of rat kidney frozer sections and the cytoplasm of cells in frozen sections of rat liver. Since the cytoplasmic stainings of rat liver were absorbed with ribosomes and the stainings of proximal tubules were absorbed with mitochondria, the sera were thought to contain either anit-ribosomal antibodies or anti-mitochondrial antibodies.
By Ouchterlony methods, some sera produced precipitin lines against 105, 000 G supernatant of rat liver homogenate distinct from the ribosomal system. This antigen activity was present in the first peak of a Sephadex G-100 column chromatograph.

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Anti-ribosomal antibodies in connective tissue disease

Mikio MURAKAMI

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 341-347
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_341

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A Tanned red cell method was used to demonstrate antibodies to ribosomes in the sera of patients with connective tissue disease. Anti-ribosomal antibodies were detected in 43% of the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 36% of Sjogren's syndrome, 13% of progressive systemic sclerosis and 11% of dermatomyositis. In addition, 30% of patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis had these antibodies. No antibodies were detected in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. High titers (more than 1:2560) of anti-ribosomal antibodies were found only in lupus patients who had less frequency of renal involvement, but had cutaneous manifestation. The ribosomes showed heterogeneic antigenicity to digestion with RNase or with trypsin. There was no correlation between the presence of anti-ribosomal antibodies and other serological abnormal findings.
By antibody elution studies, anti-ribosomal antibodies were detected in 4 of 7 glomerular eluates obtained from lupus kidneys taken at autopsy.

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Studies on bile acid and bilirubin in liver disease

Part 1. Clinical significance of serum bile acid in various liver diseases

Yasusuke ISHIKAWA

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 349-357
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_349

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Serum total bile acid concentration in unicteric liver diseases was measured by enzymaticfluorometry, and the relation among surum total bile acid concentration and non-specific liver function tests, bilirubin fractions and liver biopsy specimen was evaluated.
The following results were obtained. 1) Serum total bile acid concentration was elevated in the order of acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Significant elevation was observed in chronic aggresive hepatitis more than in chronic persistent hepatitis. 2) Significant correlation among serum total bile acid concentration and non-specific liver function tests were as follow, Ch-Ease and albumin in chronic hepatitis, TTT, Ch-Ease, albumin and KICG in liver cirrhosis, TTT, ZTT, CCF, γ-globulin, Ch-Ease, cholesterol, albumin and KICG in primary hepatoma, all examined tests except GOT & GPT were correlated with serum total bile acid concentration in total cases. 3) Abnormality of serum total bile acid concentration in acute hepatitis and in chronic aggresive haptitis were second to GPT, in chronic persistent hepatitis fifth in order to GPT, KICG, GOT and ZTT, and in liver cirrhosis, second following KICG. In total, the abnormality was increased in order of primary hepatoma, liver cirrhosis, chronic aggresive hepatitis, acute hepatitis and chronic persistent hepatitis. 4) Significant correlations among serum total bile acid concentration and bilirubin fractions were with esterform bilirubin and the molar ratio of glucuronic acid to ester-form bilirubin (M.R.) in chronic persistent hepatitis, with total bilirubin in chronic hepatitis and primary hepatoma. In all cases, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and M.R. correlated with serum total bile acid concentration. 5) In chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, there was good correlation among serum total bile acid concentration and histological appearance, that is, swelling and increased number of Kupffer cell, destruction of limiting plate, proliferation of collagen and elastic fiber, cell infiltration and distortion of lobular architecture.

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Studies on bile acid and bilirubin in liver diseases

Part 2. Clinical significance of serum bilirubin sulfate in various liver diseases

Yasusuke ISHIKAWA

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 359-366
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_359

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The clinical significance of serum bilirubin sulfate, one of the direct bilirubin, was evaluated in various liver diseases with over 2 mg/dl of serum bilirubin concentration. The diagnosis included 25 cases of acute hepatitis, 8 cases of chronic hepatitis, 8 cases of liver cirrhosis and 16 cases of liver cirrhosis with hepatoma. Bilirubin sulfate was fractioned by Yonei's solvent partition method. The clinical significance of bilirubin sulfate was assessed by comparison of bilirubin sulfate with the other bilirubin fractions and with non-specific liver function tests. The results were as follows; 1) The existence of bilirubin sulfate was confirmed in human sera. Bilirubin sulfate concentration correlated with serum total bilirubin and direct bilirubin, and the correlation with direct bilirubin was higher than total bilirubin. 2) The percentage of bilirubin sulfate in total and direct bilirubin increased in the order of acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. The percentage of bilirubin sulfate was higher in direct bilirubin than in total bilirubin. 3) Bilirubin sulfate showed the following correlation with non-specific liver function tests; with cholesterol in acute hepatitis, with choline esterase in chronic hepatitis and with GOT, cholesterol and bile acid in liver diseases.

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The effects of heat on the growth and uptake of anti-cancer agent of tumors implanted in hamster cheek pouch

Ikuo MIYAKE

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 367-385
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_367

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SV40 induced tumor cells were inoculated to hamster cheek pouches. When the tumor was about 6 mm in diameter, tritiated-5-fluorouracil (³H-5-FU), 1 μCi/g body weight, was administered intraperitoneally, and the unilateral tumor of each animal was warmed at 37°C or 40°C under total body hypothermia (25°C). The uptake of ³H-5-FU into the tumors kept at 37°C for 60 minutes increased about 70% as compared with that of the contralateral hypothermic tumor, whereas 80% increase of the uptake was observed with the tumors kept at 40°C for 60 minutes. The uptake of ³H-5-FU into the tumors of non-treated normothermic animals was higher than that of normothermic tumors under total body hypothermia. Autoradiography revealed that silver grains were diffusely present in the tumor tissue. Their density seemed to increase in parallel with the radioactivity of ³H-5-FU measured with a scintillation counter. The results suggested that capillary permeability might be increased in normothermic tumors under total body hypothermia, whereas circulatory disturbances might develop in the hyperthermic tumors. In order to estimate the anti-tumor effects of the thermal treatment combined with anti-cancer agents, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 50 mg/kg, was administered intraperitoneally, and the unilaterally implanted SV40 induced tumors (about 6 mm in diameter) of hamster cheek pouch were kept at 37°C or 40°C under total body hypothermia (25°C). Thirty days later, the growth of the tumors kept at 37°C for 10 hours combined with 5-FU administration was markedly inhibited as compared with that of non-treated control tumors. As for the tumors kept at 40°C for 8 hours, 20% of the tumors disappeared without 5-FU administration, and 80% of the tumors disappeared with 5-FU administration. It was concluded that hyperthermia (40°C) on the tumor under total body hypothermia had a greater anti-cancer effect than normothermia (37°C).

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Candidiasis attributable to gastric ulcer

Michio YAMAMOTO, Shin KIMOTO, Yoshiko IGUCHI, Keiko AKAGI, Yoshio HIRA ...

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 387-392
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_387

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Candidiasis induced by antibiotics or steroid substances has often been reported. However, we found candidiasis in woman of 47 years which followed gastric ulcer without administration of such substances. This is extremely rare in Japan.

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Effect of levamisole on MLC suppressor cells

Hiromi NOGAMI

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 393-405
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_393

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Alloantigen-sensitized spleen cells suppressed MLC (mixed lymphocyte culture) reaction. In this paper the effect of levamisole (LMS) on MLC suppressor cells is reported. Spleen cells of C57BL mice were used as the responder for MLC, and spleen cells of BALB/c mice as the stimulator for MLC. Suppressor cells were prepared as follows: C57BL mice were injected with 2×10⁷ BALB/c spleen cells into the hind foot pads. Four days later suppressor cell suspensions were obtained from the spleens. LMS-treated suppressor cells were prepared as follows: LMS was injected to C57BL mice once a day for 4 days after the foot pad injection of BALB/c spleen cells. After that, LMS-treated suppressor cells were obtained from the spleens. The dose of LMS was 1.25 mg/kg once a time. The stimulation index (SI) of one way MLC of C57BL mice to mitomycin C-treated BALB/c mice was 9.58, and mitomycin C-treated suppressor cells markedly suppressed the mitogenic response of C57BL responding cells to BALB/c stimulating cells, reducing the response by 88.9%. However, LMS-treated suppressor cells which were treated with mitomycin C markedly reduced this suppressive effect when these cells were added into MLC (responder: C57BL, stimulator: BALB/c) instead of suppressor cells. In contrast, when LMS was prior injected to C57BL mice, or before and after the foot pad injection of BALB/c spleen cells as other methods of LMS medication, LMS-treated spleen cells had no effect on MLC suppressor function. It seemed that LMS affected on MLC suppressor function only when it was given to mice with excessive suppressor cells.

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Cell proliferation stimulating factors in the supernatant of embryos and adult muscles of chickens

Fumio TAKAHASHI

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 407-418
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_407

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Factors stimulating cell proliferation were extracted from the supernatant of chick embryo carcases and adult chicken leg muscles of the same strain.
Partial purification was done, and the mechanism of stimulation (without supplements) and physicochemical properties were studied.
1). There were at least two or more stimulating factors for cell proliferation of chick embryo fibroblasts in the supernatant of embryo carcases and adult leg muscles of chickens.
2). The embryonic stimulating factors were several times more active than the muscular ones.
3). One of these stimulants was basic and had a low molecular weight protein-like component.
4). One of the partially purified stimulants showed its strongest activity on DNA synthesis in a chick embryo fibroblast system.

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Guanidino compounds in mouse brain

I. Brain guanidino compound levels in twelve strains of mice

Chiaki HIRAMATSU

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 419-425
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_419

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1. Brain guanidino compound levels in twelve strains of mice (including El and CBA, both of which are characterized by epileptic dispositions) were analysed fluorometrically after reaction with phenanthrenequinone in alkali solution, using a guanidino compound analyser (JASCO G-520).
2. Taurocyamine, guanidinoacetic acid, N-acetylarginine, creatinine, arginine and methylguanidine in brain were identified and calculated by comparison with the peaks of each authentic sample. The analysis sensitivity was very high and less than 0.1 nmole of guanidino compound was sufficient for determination.
3. The concentrations of guanidino compounds in brain varied considerably from strain to strain. Higher taurocyamine levels were found in CBA, El, ddY, AKR, C₅₈ and RF strains. The highest level was found in the CBA strain, although this variation was not specific for the strain with an epileptic disposition.
4. Higher methylguanidine levels were found in CBA, El, DBA, D₁₀₃, C₅₈ and C₃H strains. Extraordinary high levels were observed in CBA and El strains.
5. Higher levels of N-acetylarginine were found in DBA, D₁₀₃ and C₅₈ strains. The lowest level was found in the Zb strain.
6. The highest guanidinoacetic acid levels were found in the CBA and El strains.
7. Taurocyamine, guanidinoacetic acid and methylguanidine may play some important role in the seizure mechanism, because their brain levels were high in the strains with an epileptic disposition (CBA and El).

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Guanidino compounds in mouse brain

II. Guanidino compound levels in brain in relation to convulsions

Chiaki HIRAMATSU

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 427-434
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_427

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1. Brain guanidino compound levels in ddY mice were analysed in the pre-convulsive stage, during convulsion and at the post-convulsive stage of convulsive seizures induced by pentylenetetrazol or electric stimulation.
2. Significantly increased levels of taurocyamine was found in the pre-convulsive stage, just after pentylenetetrazol injection. This recovered temporarily to normal levels during convulsion, though the level increased again in the post-convulsive stage. Marked increases in creatinine were observed throughout the convulsive seizure induced by pentylenetetrazol; i.e. in the pre-convulsive stage, during convulsion and in the post-convulsion stage.
3. Significantly decreased levels of taurocyamine were found during electrically induced convulsions. Increased levels of creatinine were found in the pre-convulsive stage.

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Comparison of senile changes in the cerebral cortex due to progressive supranuclear palsy and senile brains

Ken SASAKI

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 435-453
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_435

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1) The frequency and microscopic morphology of senile changes are compared, in frontalcut Bodian preparations, in two cases of progressive supranuclear palsy (ages 62 and 71) and 14 control senile brains (between the ages of 70 and 91).
2) Neurofibrillary tangles were found in all the control brains with a predilection for hippocampal areas. Senile plaques were found in 86 per cent of all the control cases. Most were small and primitive, with great individual variations in frequency. The numbers of neurofibrillary tangles and of senile plaques did not correlate, but rather were dissociated. No relation was found between the number of tangles and/or senile plaques and the ages of the control patients.
3) Two cases of progressive supranuclear palsy showed no senile plaques. Neurofibrillary tangles were more numerous than in the control senile cases. Tangles were found in the outer and middle layers of the cerebral cortex and in the pontine basis. In Bodian preparations, most were black, presenting fine tangles with string and mesh forms. The nucleus and cell plasma were preserved in contrast to senile brains. But in the hippocampal areas, differences in form were not observed between tangles of progressive supranuclear palsy and control brains.

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An autopsy case of liver cirrhosis with hepatic encephalopathy and intracranial bleeding

Akiharu WATANABE, Masaki IZUMI, Shigeki MIZUTANI, Toshitake FUJII, Mas ...

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 455-461
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_455

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Bloody cerebrospinal fluid indicated that the neuropsychiatric abnormalities observed in a cirrhotic patient with a chronic type of hepatic encephalopathy were due to intracranial vascular lesions. Autopsy findings revealed hemorrhagic infarction at the left frontal pole and subarachinoideal bleeding at the occipital lobe. It is particularly important to realize that abnormal mental states occurring in patients with cirrhosis of the liver may be due to many other conditions leading to coma.

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Effects of oligopeptides containing L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine and L-tryptophan on excitability of identifiable molluscan giant neurones

Akinori SAKAI

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 463-482
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_463

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1. Two spontaneously firing giant neurones (the TAN, tonically autoactive neurone and the PON, periodically oscillating neurone) were identified in the suboesophageal ganglia of an African giant snail (Achatina fulica Férussac). The effects of oligopeptides containing L-Phe, L-Tyr, L-Trp etc. in regard to the excitability of these two neurones were studied.
2. Three oligopeptides had marked inhibitory effects on the TAN. The critical concentrations to produce the effects were: L-Lys-L-Phe-L-Tyr (3×10^-610^-5 kg/l), L-Phe-L-Tyr (3×10^-610^-5 kg/l) and L-Phe-L-Trp (10^-53×10^-5 kg/l).
3. The TAN inhibition caused by these oligopeptides was probably due to a direct hyperpolarizing effect on the neuromembrane. The ionic mechanism of the effect was not Cl^- dependent. These inhibitory oligopeptides did not influence the action potential or the rhythm observed when the neuromembrane was depolarized by the injection of a transmembrane current.
4. Besides the three inhibitory oligopeptides, the following aromatic oligopeptides had slight inhibitory effects at a high concentration (2×10^-4 kg/l): L-Trp-L-Trp, L-Trp-L-Tyr, L-Phe-L-Phe, L-Phe-L-Phe-L-Phe, L-Tyr-L-Tyr, L-Tyr-L-Tyr-L-Tyr.
5. Oligopeptides examined in this study, other than the substances mentioned above, containing L-Phe, L-Tyr, L-Trp, L-His, L-Met etc. had no effect on the TAN.
6. The same three oligopeptides, that were inhibitory on the TAN, had inhibitory effects on the PON. The critical concentrations, higher than those for the TAN, were as follows: L-Lys-L-Phe-L-Tyr (5×10^-510^-4 kg/l), L-Phe-L-Tyr (10^-42×10^-4 kg/l) and L-Phe-L-Trp (2×10^-4 kg/l). Substances examined in the present study, other than the three inhibitory oligopeptides, did not affect the PON.

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Studies on lung cancer therapy

Part I. Experimental studies on the effect of immunopotentiators in cancer immuno-chemotherapy

Toshimasa MITO

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 483-495
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_483

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Four immunopotentiators (OK-432, PS-K, Bestatin, Levamisole) were used in combination with chemotherapy for treatment of Lewis lung carcinoma in BDF₁ mice. Tumor inoculation was done on Day 0 and chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide 200 mg/kg and ACNU 20 mg/kg followed on Day 7. Each immunopotentiator was administered on Day 2, 3, 4 or on Day 5, 6, 7 or on Day 7, 8, 9 or on Day 10, 11, 12. The effect of immunopotentiators depended on the combination timing of immunopotentiators and the chemotherapy, the combination timing being different for each immunopotentiator. A marked antitumor effect and the highest survival rate were observed when OK-432 was administered on Day 2, 3, 4 or on Day 10, 11, 12. PS-K did not show definite additional antitumor effects in every timing. The administration of Bestatin on Day 7, 8, 9 resulted in a good survival rate, but if it was given on Day 5, 6, 7, the survival rate was lower than that of control group. A good antitumor effect was observed when Levamisole was administered on Day 5, 6, 7 or on Day 7, 8, 9. At the same time, the influence of immunopotentiators on delayed hypersensitivity by picryl chloride was investigated. Also in this study, the time-dependent effect of immunopotentiators was observed. These results were similar to those of the study with the survival rate.

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Studies on lung cancer therapy

Part II. Chemotherapy with Neocarzinostatin in advanced lung cancer

Toshimasa MITO

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 497-507
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_497

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Neocarzinostatin (NCS) is an acidic protein with proven antitumor activity in experimental animals and it is now undergoing clinical trials as a cancer chemotherapeutic agent. In the pharmacokinetic analysis of NCS in rabbits, the agent was distributed at high concentration in the lungs. So NCS was administered in advanced lung cancer. Fourteen patients, 9 with squamous cell carcinoma, 5 with adenocarcinoma, were treated with 0.12 mg/kg/day by drip infusion for 5 consecutive days. Courses were repeated at 3-week intervals if allowed by bone marrow recovery. Total doses ranged from 15 to 200 mg, and one patient with squamous cell carcinoma was induced into a good Partial Response. Dose-limiting toxicity was myelosupression, anemia in 7 patients, leucocytopenia in 10 patients and thrombocytopenia in 7 patients. Myelosupression was more pronounced in patients who had received more than 100 mg of NCS. Nadir of leucocyte and thrombocyte decreased with each course. Other toxicities of NCS included anorexia, vomiting and fever. The pharmacokinetics of NCS after i.v. injection were examined in patients with lung cancer with pleural effusion. The concentration of NCS in blood decayed rapidly as a diexponential function with time. NCS was rapidly excreted in the urine, and high concentrations of NCS were detected in pleural effusions.

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Histological studies of the lung in allergic respiratory responses

Part I. Histological investigations of lung biopsy specimen from patients with allergic respiratory diseases

Hiroshi HARADA

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 509-530
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_509

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Histological investigations of lung specimen and bronchial membrane from patients with bronchial asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis were performed by the technique of transbronchoscopic biopsy. The results are summarized as follows.
1) Histological changes such as interstitial and peribronchiolar mononuclear cell infiltration, and septal thickening were observed in lung specimens from patients with bronchial asthma. Histological changes of bronchial membrane were also observed in these cases.
2) In patients with bronchial asthma, histological changes in bronchiolar-alveolar regions were closely related to age, positive immediate skin reaction and precipitin to Candida, serum IgE level and micronodular shadow on chest X-ray film. The degree of histological changes in segmental bronchus were related to age at onset and positive immediate, late, and delayed skin reaction to Candida. Asthmatic patients with marked histological changes in segmental bronchus showed more decreasing ratio of FVC, FEV 1.0%, MMF, V50 and V25 than the other cases.
3) Granulomatous change in one case and Masson body in another were observed, alveolitis in three and peribronchiolar cell infiltration in four of five patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

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Histological studies of the lung in allergic respiratory responses

Part II. Histological investigations of the lung in experimentally sensitized animals

Hiroshi HARADA

1980 Volume 92 Issue 3-4 Pages 531-544
Published: April 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.92.3-4_531

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Hypersensitivity pneumonitis and bronchial asthma were experimentally developed with adjuvant and aerosolized antigens used together and separately. Histological investigations of the lung were performed in several conditions depending on the use of adjuvant or antigens. The results were as follows.
1) In animals treated with BCG only, pulmonary histological findings such as granulomatous changes, small clusters of mononuclear cell accumulation, interstitial mononuclear cell infiltration and septal thickening were observed. Granulomatous changes in the condition consisted of predominant epithelioid cells.
2) In animals sensitized by aerosolized antigens only, marked histological changes such as cell infiltration around the alveolar septum and bronchiolar wall were observed in the use of Candida antigen. On the other hand, granuloma formation and cell infiltration around vascular wall were predominantly found in the use of Aspergillus antigens.
3) The incidence of granuloma formation and the degree of mononuclear cell infiltration tended to increase with the use of high concentration of antigen.
4) Histological findings such as granulomatous changes and cell infiltration were marked in the animals sensitized by both adjuvant and antigens.

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