The author has examined in vitro and in vivo on the influence of photosensitizing dye, Platonin (Thiazolocyanin) upon the activites of cathepsin, glycero-phosphatase, catalase as well as lipase and glyoxalase in the erythrocytes, and obtained the following results.
1) The activities of cathepsin, glycero-phosphatase and lipase of the erythrocytes were added Platonins have increased in vitro, otherwise the activities of catalase and glyoxalase have decreased. The greater the concentration of Platonin become, the more remarkable is the increase or the decrease of the activitces of the said enzymes.
2) In vivo experiment as well as in vitro, the activities of cathepsin, glycero-phosphatase and lipase of erythrocytes was added Platonins have increased, and almost of those of catalase and glyoxalase has decreased, especially in case of addition of pro kg 50 γ Platonin. So it can be said the experiment in vitro and in vivo when added the same decrease of concentration of Platonin; the activities of the said enzymes except lipase is lower the degree of the increase or the decrease by augmentation of times of injection (1-10 times), but the activity of lipase is higher the degree of increase.

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Keto-enol substance in urine, matutinal or preoperative, was determined and traced for three weeks after operation, on various surgical cases of the abdomen. Results obtained were as follows.
1) Levels of KES in matutinal or preoperative urine were generally higher than normal, especially in case of acute inflammatory disease, and the rate of increase was proportionated to extent and severity of the inflammation. Upon non-inflammatory diseases, KES was noticeably increased in the late stage of stomach cancer, successively cholelithiasis, stomach cancer resected, gastroduodenal ulcer in order. In the cases with uncomplicating peptic ulcer the level was markedly low, but in the cases with complication of bleeding or stenosis slightly increased.
2) In the postoperative course, urinary KES was markedly increased within one to three days after operatron and later decreased until normal on the seventh day. In the non-inflammatory cases, KES was further decreased and returned to normal after three weeks. In the cases of stomach cancer and peptic ulcer with complication of bleeding or stenosis, on the other hand, KES was not become normal even after three weeks of operation. In the cases of stomach cancer simply laparotomized, KES was not recovered to preoperative level even after three weeks of operation.
In the cases with acute inflammation the grade and duration of high leveled KES were marked with severity of inflammation, and later decrease in KES was also retarded, not becoming normal level even after three weeks of operation. In acute simple appendicitis, though, the level became normal within seven days after operation.
3) In the cases with postoperative complications urinary KES was increased, and showed retarded decreasing rate.
4) From the results obtained above, it was concluded that determination of urinary KES before and after operation was valuable for judging the course of postoperative recovery and the prognosis.

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Fatigue reaction by the method of D. O. K. was determined on ninety one cases performed major laparotomies, before and after operation for three weeks. Results obtained were as follows.
1) Reaction of D. O. K. determined in uriue, matutinal or preoperative, of various diseases were generally higher than normal, and mostly moderate in the reaction. In the cases with acute inflammation it was significantly elevated with parallel to the extent and severity of inflammation, On non-inflammatory diseases, it was higher in late stage of stomach cancer, bleeding ulcer and intestinal obstruction, successively stomach cancer resected, peptic ulcer with complication of stenosis, cholelithiasis in order. It was lowest and minimum in the cases of uncomplicating ulcer.
2) In the postoperative course, the level of D. O. K was markedly increased in general within one to three days after operation, gradually decreased later until normal on the seventh day, and below normal for two to three weeks until recovery. In the case of stomach cancer resected, the decrease was retarded as compared with that in the case of uncomplicating ulcer and not become normal even after three weeks. The decreasing rate was gradual in the case of acute inflammation, especially in the severe, and not returned to normal even after three weeks. In acute simple appendicitis, though, the level became normal within seven days after operation.
3) In the cases with postoperative complications urinary D. O. K. was increased and showed retarded restoration of the level.
4) From the results obtained above, it was concluded that determination of D. O. K. level in matutinal urine before and after operation was valuable for reading the grade of operative procedure, course of postoperative recovery and the prognosis.

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Influence of early ambulation after gastrectomy or cholecystectomy on fatigue reaction (Hamasaki's urinary KES and D. O. K. reaction) was studied as an aid of fundamental investigation, for early ambulation. From the study it was found that the fatigability was not increased even in the first week of ambulation, in early ambulation group as compared with control group, and relieve of fatigue was rather faster and better in the former in during second and third weeks after operation.

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Influence of hot-bath upon fatigue reaction was studied by estimation of KES and D. O. K. levels in matutinal urine of the operated cases, after five minutes of bathing (42° to 43°C) once every day from the seventh postoperative day. Those cases were ambulated early after gastrectomies for ulcer or cancer and cholecystectomies during intermediate stage of cholelithiasis. Results obtained were as follows.
1) In the group which took bath and ambulated early after gastrectomy for ulcer and cholecystectomy for stone, the relieve of fatigue was faster than the control group, and was much as compared with the group ambulated ordinarily.
2) In the group gastrectomized for cancer the recovery from fatigue was rather retarded in the second week in comparison with non-bathing group, and became almost equal in the end of third week. Comparing with ordinary group, it was nearly same in the second week and became slightly better in the third week, without satisfactory rehabilitation in those three groups. Intention should be paid on the selection of case for taking thermal-bath in the gastric cancer patients uniformly after seventh day of operation.

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In order to analyze the mode of lymphagogic action of histamine, peptone and sinomenine on the thoracic lymph in the cat, the author observed the effects of these substances on the rate of lymph flow from the thoracic duct, protein contents in the lymph and blood sera, blood pressures in the carotid artery, jugular or femoral vein and portal vein, and volumes of the liver and intestines. An attempt was made to find out the difference in the mode of action of lymphagogues in different species by comparing the results of the author's observations on the cat with those on the dog and rabbit reported by other workers.
In the majority of cats the thoracic lymph flow was 0.3-0.7 cc/10 min. and the lymph protein content 3-5 per cent, maintaining these conditions persistently for more than five hours with almost no change. By injecting 2 mg/kg histamine into systemic vein the rate of lymph flow reached the maximum of 2-4 times the normal, and the protein in lymph was concentrated. After administration of 300 mg/kg peptone (Witte) or 3 mg/kg sinomenine the lymph flow was accelerated to the similar degree. In the latter two the coagulability of lymph was reduced. Lymphagogic effects of histamine and peptone were reduced when administered into the portal vein, and likewise these effects were diminished after the ligature of periportal lymphatics. However, this latter procedure weakened the effect of sinomenine only slightly. Benadryl inhibited the sinomenine effect markedly. Both the obstruction of portal vein and that of hepatic vein markedly accelerated the lymph flow from the thoracic duct. However, the protein content in lymph was decreased in the case of the former, while on the contrary, it was increased in the case of the latter.
The injections of 0.5-1 mg/kg histamine, 500-700 mg/kg peptone and 1-5 mg/kg sinomenine all brought about a triphasic depressor response in the arterial blood pressure. In the majority of cases of histamine there was a transient rise in the portal pressure while in other cases it was decreased. The pressure of jugular vein declined in the case of histamine and rose in the case of peptone, whereas the pressure of femoral vein did not show any definite changes in the case of sinomenine. These substances decreased the volumes of the liver and intestines at the initial stage and turned to increase. A marked tachyphylaxis was recognized in all these actions of sinomenine, but in the actions of the other two drugs it was less marked.
From these results, it seems that these three drugs have the effect similar to one another and that the effects of peptone and sinomenine involve histamine release. In all instances the dilatation of capillaries and the increase in the permeability are responsible for the acceleration of the lymph formation, and in the splanchnic area, the intestines, and also the liver seems to be the site of the lymph acceleration. The degree of lymphagogic effects of these drugs in the cat is in between that in the dog and that in the rabbit. This situation may be explained by the fact that the cat does not possess such a well-developed muscular layers of the supra-hepatic vein as possessed by the dog, and the cat is more sensitive to the histamine action of inducing capillary dilatation and permeability increase as compared with the rabbit.

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The author used the following methods to investigate the multiplication of coli bacilli, which is regarded to be responsible to disturb the healing of the wound in the anastomosis in rabbit.
In the intestine were used 3 portions, namely, upper oral, middle and lower aboral, and in each portion were applied end-to-end and side-to-side anastomosis respectively. After a certain day each portion was resected and cultivated the coli bacilil from the intestinal content with dilution method. Simultaneously pH and diastase values of the intestinal content were measured and the following results were obtained:
1. In the normal rabbit the intestine is nearly sterile and at least the coli bacilli are not found, but from the cecum aboral the coli bacilli and other various bacilli increase in large number.
2. In each intestinal portion there is no significant difference in the pH and diastase value. Trypsin is not certificated.
3. However, in the anastomosis applied intestine a fairly large number of the coli bacilli are observed in each portion.
4. As regards to the method of the anastomosis a tendency of larger increase of coli bacilli is recognized in the side-to-side anastomosis than in the end-to-end anastomosis.
5. It is hard to recognize a definite tendency of the multiplication of coli bacilli in the unit weight of the intestinal content.
6. As to the multiplication, the coli bacilli increase most in number in 5 to 7 days after the operation and in the lapse of 2 weeks they decrease already moderately. This fact is considered to be in a correlation to the term apt to occur the insufficiency of the anastomosis.
7. The values of pH and diastase are hardly different from the normal values and are not influenced by the ascent of coli bacilli to the upper oral portion of the intestine.

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In the anastomosed intestine after the resection, the digestion and the resorption would be disturbed not only by the mechanical irritation, but also by the ascent and the ectopical increase of the coli bacilli. And by the detention action of the increasing bacilli in the liver, the function of the liver would be damaged.
On this conception investigation was made in calculating periodically the number of coli bacilli increasing in the portal vein, bile duct and in the systemic blood circulation of the grown-up rabbit.
The results obtained are as follows:
1. The portalvein, common bile duct and the systemic blood circulation of a grown-up rabbit are physiologically sterile.
2. In the portal vein, the coli bacilli appear in about 30 minutes after the anastomosis of the resected intestine and increase gradually in moderately large number from 2 hours & a half to 3 hours, but afterwards they temporarily decrease slightly or hold the horizontal line and one week later reach the peak, then gradually decrease and come back to the normal state in 3 weeks.
3. In the common bile duct, the coli bacilli appear in about one hour after the operation, afterwards they show no tendency of increase and it is likely that they disappear almost in several hours.
4. The bacilli appear in the systemic circulation also in about one hour after the operation, and show no tendency of increase afterwards and seem to disappear within 3 hours.
5. From the results mentioned above it is understandable that the coli bacilli are resolved directly into the portal vein and reach the liver, where they are seized by a eertain mechanism and the liver plays the leading role on the eradication of the bacilli in the blood stream.
6. The coli bacilli which are resolved into the portal vein after the anastomosis of the resected intestine are occasionally able to enter, even though they are a very few, into the systemic circulation.
7. From the fact that the bacilli in the common bile duct are small in number and disappear early, though they increase in the intestine, it is considered that the bile is mainly infected with its descending route and its ascending infection is not important.

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The author wanted to analyse the excretory and internal secretion of the pancreas before and after the surgical operations in 83 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. Therefore he examined the blood sugar concentration, the glucose tolerance, Staub effect, the lipase and antitrypsin in the serum and the diastase in the blood.
Results obtained are as follows;
(1) Preoperatively: The blood diastase increases or decreases slightly in several cases. The serum lipase is not changed. The serum antitrypsin increases slightly in the severe cases. The blood sugar concentration in normal. The glucose tolerance and Staub effect are normal.
(2) Postoperatively: The blood diastase, the serum lipase and the serum antitrypsin are all elevated. The blood sugsr concentration rises, too. The glucose tolerance is affected. Staub effect becomes negative. These changes are all temporary and are restored to the preoperative level after some days.
(3) After all, before the surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, slight disturbances of the excretory secretion of the pancreas are shown in several cases, and the internal secretion of the pancreas is not affected, After the surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, the temporary disturbances of the excretory and the internal secretion of the pancreas are shown.

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The author examined the functional state of pancreas biochemically and morphologically in 37 normal rabbits under the invasion of pulmonary resection.
Results obtained are as follows;
(1) The blood diastase level is raised to the uppermost on the 3rd day after the pulmonary resection, and is restored to the preoperative level on the 14th to the 21 st day. The blood sugar level rised to reach the peak on the 1st day after the pulmonary resection and falls down to the normal on the 5th to the 10th day. Staub effect is negative postoperatively and becomes positive on the 5th to the Loth day.
(2) As for the histological findings, the parenchymal cells show the atrophy on the 3rd to the 7 th after the pulmonary resection.
There are no remarkable changes in the Islets of Langerhans. A slight increase of β-cells is noticed on the 3rd day.
(3) From the above it is concluded that the pulmonary resection in the rabbits leads to the developement of slight disturbances of the external and internal secretary function of pancreas, but these troubleso recover after some day.

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Origins, ramifications and courses of the inferior mesenteric arterial and venous system were statistically investigated in 120 cadavers of the Japanese.
1) The average distance between the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta and the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery was 4.4 cm. In 82.5% of all cases, the distance was between 3.6 cm and 5.5 cm. It was 0.5 cm longer in the male than the female on the average.
2) The number of the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery was; two in 47.5% of the cases, three in 38.3% and four in 14.2%.
3) The average distance between the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery and its first branch was 3.9 cm. In 78.3% of all cases, the distance was between 2.6 cm and 5.0 cm.
4) In 8.3% of all cases, the lack of the upper branch of the left colic artery was observed, while that of the lower branch was in 48.3%.
5) Most of the inferior mesenteric artery ascended almost vertically at the distance of 1.0 cm to 3.0 cm to the left from the left margin of the abdominal aorta at the level of the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery.

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Length of the various parts in the inferior mesenteric arterial and venous system was measured in 120 cadavers of the Japanese from the view-point of the possible limit of direct rectocolostomy in rectectomy.
1) When the blood supply from the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery (O), through its first branch (P), then the lower branch of the left colic artery or the sigmoid colic artery which is the branch of the left colic artery, to the lowest end of the marginal artery of the desce ding colon (S) in utilized for the direct rectocolostomy, it is necessary in more than half of the cases to have the sigmoid colon remained for the length of 15 cm to 20 cm below the lowest end of the descending colon.
2) When the blood supply from O, through the highest end of the upper branch of the left colic artery (C), to S, i.e. OPCS is utilized for the purpose, it is sufficient enough in most of the cases to have the sigmoid colon remained for the length of only 5 cm.
3) When the inferior mesenteric artery is cut and the blood supply from only the middle colic artery is utilized, the direct rectocolostomy is possible in most of the cases.
4) For the direct rectocolostomy, the inferior mesenteric vein should be cut.

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In the comparative study on the mercury distribtuion in the principal organs, blood, and urine of guinea pigs with acute sublimate poisoning, the author arrived at the following conclusions.
1. The microdetermination of mercury has been conducted by a modified method of the Dithizone method. By properly eliminating Cu io which becomes an obstacle and by paying a sufficient precaution to the preparation of the reagent as well as to the determination procedures, a high sensitivity will be attained and for the microdetermination of mercury contained in organic substances such a method will prove to be an excellent one.
2. The kidneys are proven to show a great affinity to mercury, revealing a marked adsorption of mercury. In addition, the urine as an excretory carrier presents a relatively large amount of mercury next to the kidneys.
3. In the spleen and caecum likewise a considerable amount of mercury has been adsorbed, followed by the heart, lungs, large intestines, Small intestines, and stomach in the order mentioned.
4. The amount of mercury adsorbed in the liver and blood is insignficantly small.
5. The total amount of mercury contained in the urine, blood, as well as in the principal organs is greatest in the kidneys, followed by the urine, caecum, large intestines, liver, blood, small intestines, lungs, heart, stomach, and spleen in the order mentioned.

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By measuring the amount of radio-isotope mercury in the pricipal organs, blood, and urine of the guinea pigs administered with Hg²⁰³ Cl₂, the author obtained the following results.
1. The author devised a method of the detecting and estimating of Hg²⁰³ Cl₂ by oxidizing and degrading Hg²⁰³ Cl₂ into the form of HgS by the Fresenius-Babo method.
2. Hg²⁰³ Cl₂ shows a strong affinity specific to the kidneys; and also a large quanity of it has been excreted in the urine.
3. The amount of Hg²⁰³ Cl₂ adsorbed in the blood and liver is extremely trifle.
4. A portion of Hg²⁰³ Cl₂ introduced into the body of the pregnant guinea pig passes through the placenta and is tranferred and adsorbed in the embryo.

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After administering radio-isotope Hg²⁰³ Cl₂ into guinea pigs the author estimated the quantity of radio-isotope mercury excreted inthe urine and feces. At the same time the author studied the effect of Ca-EDTA administration on the excretion of Hg²⁰³ Cl₂ and also the mercury distribution in the principal organs of the aminals, and arrived at the following conclusions.
1. During the period one to four days after the Hg²⁰³ Cl₂-adminstration the quantity of mercury excreted in the urine increases markedly, and thereafter it tends to decrease rather abruptly. On the other hang, the amount of mercury excreted in feces is greatest during the period from the third to fifth day after the administration, and it tends to decrease somewhat slowly thereafter. The amount of mercury rexcreted in the urine is as much as twice or 2.7 times that excreted in the feces.
2. One week after the administration of Hg²⁰³ Cl₂ a considerably large amount fo it is still adsorbed in the kidneys, but it is detected only in a small amount in the organs such as the liver and caecum, and likewise the quantity detected in other organs is extremely small.
3. The administration of Ca-EDTA tends to increase markedly the amount of Hg²⁰³ Cl₂ excreted in the urine.
4. However, no markedly increasing effect of the Ca-EDTA administration can be recognized on the excretion of Hg²⁰³ Cl₂ in the feces.
5. The amount of Hg²⁰³ Cl₂ adsorbed in the principal organs tends to decrease slightly in the kidneys and liver after the adminstration of Ca-EDTA.

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By loading toxins of S. typhi, S. paratyphi A, B, and E. coli to the bone-marrow tissue culture of normal rabbits as well as loading toxins of E. coli and S. typhi to the bone-marrow tissue culture of normal persons, the author studied the influences of these toxins on the tissue growth; and also by adding the toxins of the same bacilli to the bone-marrow tissue culture of normal rabbits in fluid medium, pursued the influences on the increasing rate of erythrocyte count and hemoglobin content. Further, by loading the serum of patient with typhoid fever to th bone-marrow tissue culture of normal rabbits the author observed the influences of the serum on the tissue growth, and obtained the following results.
1. The toxins of S. typhi and S. paratyphi A and B both possess the action inhibiting the leucopoetic functions of the rabbit bone marrow to the greatest degree, while the toxin of E. coli shows hardly any effect. Moreover, the influences of the toxins of S. typhi and E. coli on the bone-marrow tissue of normal persons are exactly identical with those against the bone marrow of normal rabbits. From these results it is assumed that a direct action of the toxins of S. typhi disturbing the bone-marrow functions plays an important role in causing the leukopenia in typhoid fever.
2. It has been recognized that in the serum of the serum of the patient with typhoid fever there exist factors that directly inhibit the growth of the normal rabbit bone marrow tissue.
3. The direct action of these toxins on the erythrocytes and hemoglobin content in the normal rabbit bone marrow is not so significant. Therefore, the iron-retention in the reticuloendothelial system and another secondary reaction, which are the commonly accepted theory, seem to play a leading role for the anemia in typhoid fever.

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By loading toxins of S. typhi, S. paratyphi A, B, and E. coli to the bone-marrow tissue culture of normal rabbits the author observed the influences of these toxins on the wandering velocity, carbonparticle phagocytosis, and vital staining by neutral red, and next by loading toxins of S. typhi and E. coli to the bone-marrow tissue culture of normal persons studied the influences on the wandering velocity of neutrophils; and still further by adding the serum of the patient with typhoid fever to the bone-marrow tissue culture of normal rabbits pursued the influences on the wandering velocity of pseudoeosinophils; and obtained the following results.
1. The inhibitory action of these toxins on the wandering and carbon-particle phagocytosis decreases in the order of that of S. typhi, S. paratyphi A and S. paratyphi B, and the toxin of E. coli has hardly any such action. In addition, each of these toxins at a certain concentration accelerates the carbon-particle phagocytosis.
2. There can be recognized no difference between the action of toxins of S. typhi and E. coli on the wandering velocity of the neutrophils in the bone marrow of normal persons and the same on the wandering velocity of the pseudoeosinophils in the bone marrow of normal rabbits.
3. The influences exerted on the vital staining of the pseudoeosinophils in the bone marrow of normal rabbits are exactly identical with those on the carbon-particle phagocytosis and the wanderirg velocity, and the intensity of inhibitory action of these toxins on the cell functions decreases in the order of S. paratyphi A, B, and E. coli.
4. From these it has been clarified that the toxin of S. typhi acts directly on the bone marrow and disturbs the cell function of neutrophils and pseudoeosinophils; and likewise the toxin of S. paratyphi A and B impairs these functions to the degree next to that of S. typhi; whereas the toxin of E. coli has hardly no such inhibitory action.
5. In the serum of the patient with typhoid fever there can be recognized a factor that inhibits the wandering velocity of pseudoeosinophils in the bone marrow of normal rabbits.

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By the addition of toxins of S. typhi, S. paratyphi A, B, and E coli to the bone-marrow tissue culture of guinea pigs the author pursued the influences of these toxins on the functions of megakaryocytes, and obtained the following results.
In the case of the toxins of S. typhi and S. typhi and S. paratypbi A, the appearance of vigorous platelet separation is markedly limited, indicating a marked decrease in the megakaryocyte functions of the bone marrow loaded with these toxins. On the other hand, in the case of addition of the toxin of S. paratyphi B the decrease in the megakaryocyte function is slight, whereas the toxin of E. coli brings about no fall in the megakaryocyte function but rather accelerates it slightly.
From these findings it is believed that direct inhibitory action of these toxins on the megakaryocytes constitutes one of the important factors in the mechanism of thrombocytopenia in typhoid fever.

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In the fluorescence microscopic study of ascites cells vitally or supravitally stained with acridine orange, which were aspirated from mice, rabbits, rats, cats, doge, monkeys, human, pigeons, and chicken the author obtained the following results.
1. For the vital staining the simple culture method devised in our department is most suitable and as for the concentration of the medium the dilution of 10⁴ is most appropriate.
2. The fluorescence picture by the supravital staining of the ascites cells turned out to be a degenerated picture in vital staining.
3. Active phagocytes have nucleus and cell body stained green and those more active and smaller cells are difficult to be stained and they become stained deep as they degenerate.
4. Ascites phagocytes all possess a series of common characteristics, namely, a peculiar movement pattern, the massing tendency of cytoplasmic granules and nuclei of complicated shape; and these characteristics resemble those of the fluorescence picture of monocytes in blood. Moreover, this similarity tends to be greater in the higher class of animals.

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The author conducted comparative study under a fluorescence microscope between the ascites phagocytes on one hand and monocytes of blood and subcutaneous histiocytes on the other both from normal mice and stained by acridine orange, and further compared the phagocytes of the mice under stimulation and the subcutaneous histiocytes as well as the phagocytes at the time when the greater omentum is resected. In addition, the author ntilized the findings on monocytes in human monocytic leukemia as the reference; and obtained the following results.
1. In the case of active cells of monocytes in blood, the nucleus and cell body present green fluorescence, and the nuclear membrane and nuclear meshwork are indistinct. Reddish orange cytoplasmic granules do not tend to agglomerate but the majority of them are situtated around the nucleus. However, with the lapse of time both nuclear membrane and meshwork grow more distinct, and also the reddish orange cytoplasmic granules begin to agglomerate to a certain degree.
2. In the case of the subcutaneous histiocytes both under normal condition and at the time of stimulation the nuclear meshwork is coarse and the nuclear membrane is thick and clear-cut, and reddish orange cytoplasmic granules are great and almost uniform in size. Moreover, these granules are diffusely scattered but never tend to agglomerate.
3. In the ascites at the time of stimulation amall phagocytes are more numeroua, and these cells are poorly stained. However, the nuclei and cell bodies present a clear and deep green fluorescence, and reddish orange cytoplasmic granules do not necessarily tend to agglomerate, and their size is almoat uniform. With the lapse of time, both the nucleus and cell body are stained deep, also the cytoplasmic granules begin to agglomerate.
4. In the study of the senilization of phagocytes by inhibiting the cell regeneration by removing the greater omentum, the nuclei become green with yellowish tone and the reddish orange cytoplasmic granules, losing their agglomerating tendency, are scattered diffusely, but unlike subcutaneous histiocytes their size is extremely variable, and the cell body reveals a degenerative picture.
5. In the bone-marrow tissue culture of human monocytic leukemia by the simple method of our own device and in the medium of ascites, and vitally stained with acridine orange, the fluorescence picture of the monocytes at regeneration and senilization stages resembles qeite closely to the findings of human ascites phagocytes.
6. From these comparative study of fluorescence pictures of these various cells, it has been verified that ascites phagocytes unlike histiocytes are the cells quite closely related to monocytes.

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By staining supavitally or vitally pleural fluid phagocytes of mice and rabbits in acridine orange the author observed them under a fluorescence microscope, and obtained the following results.
1. In the pleural cavity of both mice and rabbits there are phagocytes possessing a peculiarly-shaped nucleus and reddish orange cytoplasmic granules with agglomerating tendency.
2. These pleural fluid phagocytes reveal the findings exactly identical with those of ascites phagocytes, therefore, it seems that both are the same kind of cells and they are closely related to monocytes. Moreover, the fluorescence picture of the rabbit phagocytes as compared with that of mouse phagocytes resembles more closely to that of monocytes.

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With the purpose to elucidate changes in heart sound and electrocardiogram in liver diseases, the author studied 85 cases of infectious hepatitis and other liver diseases, and obtained the following results.
In the infectious hepatitis irrespective of age or sex, changes such as brachycardia or tachycardia, fall in blood pressures, and abnormality of heart sound can be recongized along with the progress of symptoms, but with exception of fatal hepatitis circulatory insufficiency rarely occurs in any of them. Moreover, these pathological changes are mostly reversible, and in some the murmur of heart sound remains in definitely.
As for the findings of electrocardiogram, such findings as a decrease in the height of T-wave, fall in ST, elongation of QT, low potential difference and bloking of the left leg, that determine the damages in the heart muscle can be found in 47.8 per cent of acute hepatitis, in 41.5 per cent of chronic hepatitis, and in 33.4 per cent of liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, judging the liver functions from serum proteins, colloidal reaction, and serum bilirubin values, along with the diminution in the liver functions, the findings that indicate damages of heart muscles can be recognized. Likewise changes in the picture of the liver in autopsy are closely associated with the damage to the heart muscle. Similarly there seems to be a definite relationship between the liver functions and the autonomic nerve system. Again judging from the elctrocardiogram, the murmur of the mitral valve in this diseass consists mainly of hematokinetic problem due to pathological change of the left papillary muscle but not due to the organic change of the mitral valve itself.

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The correlation between the white and red fibers of the skeletal muscle and the large and small alpha ventral horn cells in peripheral neuromuscular system was studied in cats.
In order to damage selectively the small nerve fibers 0.0066% sublimate solution was injected into the cat peripheral nerve (after HIRATA). By this procedure, the degeneration of the small ventral horn cells and of the red muscle fibers was selectively caused, while the large ventral horn cells and white muscle fibers were slightly affected. To damage the large nerve fibers, 80% alcohol was used (after HIRATA). In this case, the large ventral horn cells and the white muscle fibers were selectively degenerated.
From the results, the following correlation may be reasonably inferred:
large ventral horn cell→large peripheral nerve fiber→white muscle fiber
small ventral horn cell→small peripheral nerve fiber→red muscle fiber
The peripheral nerve was lesioned at its entering point into the supplying muscle and their regeneration was strained, 10-25 days after the animals were sacrificed, then the spinal cord was examined with NISSL staining and the muscle with Sudan-Black-B. Each number of the degenerated large and small ventral horn cells and that of the red and white muscle fibers were counted.
The muscles used were the M. biceps brachii, M. palmaris longus, M. gracilis and median head of M. gastrocunemius, and the innervation ratio of these muscles were 1:195.9, 1:102.7, 1:154.6 and 1:209.3 respectively.
The ratio of the number of the large ventral horn cells to that of the white muscle fibers (the innervation ratio to the white muscle fiber) was smaller than that of the small ventral horn cells to the red muscle fibers (the innervation ratio to the red muscle fiber) except for the M. gracilis.
The ratio of the number of the degenerated large ventral horn cells to that of the small ventral horn cells was 1.66:1 in M. biceps brachii, 1.88:1 in M. palmaris longus, 1.58:1 in M. gracilis, 1.79:1 in the median head of M. gastrocunemius.
The ratio of the number of the white muscle fibers to that of the red muscle fibers was 1.41:1 in M. biceps biachii, 1.51:1 in M. palmaris longus, 1.94:1 in M. gracilis and 1.53:1 in median head of M. gastrocunemius, respectively. It may depend upon that these muscles participate not only phasic movement but also stronger tonic contraction than other muscles.
The arrangements of the cells groups in the ventral horn were as follows:
M. biceps brachii is mainly supplied by the dorsolateral group, M. palmaris longus by the retrodorsolateral group, M. gracilis by the ventrolateral group, the median head of M. gastrocunemius by the central group, respectively.

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With the planimeter the author measured the area of splenic dullness in normal persons, patients with infectious hepatitis. liver cirrhosis, cholcystopathia, mechanical jaundice, endocarditis lenta and several patients with other diseases, and obtained the following results.
1. The expansion of area in the spleen can be recognized in 93 per cent of acute hepatitis and in 62.2 per cent of chronic hepatitis. Moreover, splenomegaly is marked at the initial stage of the acute case, and in most cases it disappears within about 50 days. In the chronic hepatitis generally splenomegaly disappears in about 60 days, but in some it persists for a relatively long period of time with poor prognosis.
2. Since in infectious hepatitis the low palpability and highly expanded area of dullness are the evidences of splenomegaly, an emphasis need be placed on the importance of measuring area of splenic dullness in diagnosing this disease.
3. In infectious hepatitis the swelling of the liver has a considerable correlation with the swelling of the spleen, and moreover, the greater the swelling of the liver, the correlation can be said to be that much closer. However, even in the case where the liver is unpalpable, the swelling of the spleen can be quite great, and therefore, it seems difficult to decide at once the mutual realtionship between the two.
4. As for the relationship between the area of the spleen and the liver functions examined in infectious hepatitis correlation in not necessarily clear from the relationship between the spleen and the findings of Takata reaction as the serum colloid reaction, serum proteins, especially the albumin content, albumin globulin ratio, serum bilirubin titer and the degree of bilirubinuria and urobilinogenuria, but in the results of synthetic judgment and observations carried out in the course of disease a relatively parallel relationship can be recognized.
5. That in diseases other than infectious hepatitis such as in liver cirrhosis and hemolytic jaundice, a marked splenomegaly can be recognized, and in hepatoma, cholecystopathia, and mechanical jaundice with exception of a few cases no splenomegaly can be observed offers an important clue for the differential diagnosis of these diseases. Moreover, in endocarditis lenta and Basedow's disease likewise splenomegaly can be recognized though it seems natural from the cause of disease, this is important for diagnosis in the consideration of other symptoms. Splenomegaly can not be observed in gastric ulcer, lung tuberculosis, nephritis, polyneutritis and diabetes mellitus.

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The author pursued the changes of portal pressures and closed venous capillary pressures in normal dogs and in the normal dogs with experimental liver disturbances induced by allyl formate and carbontetrachloride and at the same time studied the picture of intrahepatic portal and intrahepatic venous capillaries by X-rays, and obtained the following results.
1. The portal pressures in normal dogs show the maximum of 120 mm H₂O and the minimum of 70 mm H₂O with average of 93 mm H₂O, and the pressures of closed hepatic venous capillaries show the maximum of 136 mm H₂O and the minimum of 95 mm H₂O, with the average of 118 mm H₂O. In the roentgenograms intrahepatic venous and portal capillaries can be traced to their fine ends as they flow in slow curves.
2. In the observations conducted at the interval of every 30 minutes for 5-6 hours after subcutaneous injection of 0.04 cc/kg allyl formate both portal pressure and closed hepatic venous pressure shew a marked rise, reaching their maximum one and half to two and half hours after the injection, thereafter showing a decreasing tendency. In the roentgengrams of intrahepatic veins and portal the shadow of blood vessels is poor and especially the direction of peripheral capillaries is indistinct.
3. In the observations conducted for 5-6 hours after the subcutaneous injection of 2.0 cc/kg carbon tetrachloride, both portal pressure and pressure of closed hepatic venous capillaries, rising graudally, reach the maximum three or three and half hours after the injection, thereafter showing a falling tendency. The roentgenograms of intrahepatic veins and portal veins show irregular or nodular blood flow and the decrease in the number of venous branches.
4. After subcutaneous injections of 0.01 cc/kg allyl formate or 0.3 cc/kg carbon tetrachloride per day successively for five days and measuring the portal pressures and pressure of closed hepatic veins on the sixth day, both show higher values than in the case given one single acute injection of a large dose. Roentgenograms of intrahepatic veins and portal veins reveal the nodular uneven direction of vessels markedly and irregularly.
5. Braching of intrahepatic venous capillaries and portal veins both present almost the same findings in their roentgenegrams.

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In observing the influences of injections of DOCA, cortisone, ACTH, and droplet intravenous injection of sugar-regulating agent on the changes of blood pressures in closed hepatic venous capillaries as well as on the intrahepatic portal veins, in the mature dogs with acute hepatic disturbances induced by administering allyl formate, the author obtained the following results.
1. After intramuscular injections of 2 mg/kg DOCA, 20 mg/kg cortisone, 2 IU/kg ACTH, or droplet intravenous injection of 50 cc/kg sugar regulating agent, each into normal mature dogs, there can be observed no influences on the pressures of portal veins and closed hepatic venous capillaries as well as on picture of intrahepatic capillaries.
2. When 2 mg/kg DOCA, 20 mg/kg cortisone, or 2 IU/kg ACTH is injected intramuscularly into the dogs given a subcutaneous injection of 0.04 cc/kg allyl formate one hour previously, the rising tendency of the portal pressure and closed hepatic venous capillary pressures is inhibited, and moreover, the roentgenogram of intrahepatic capillaries reveals a slight improvement in the direction of blood vessels, especially the shadow of peripheral capillaries. Furthermore, DOCA shows the most prompt and effective action, while the effect of ACTH appears slightly later.
3. When influences of droplet intravenous injection of 50 cc/kg sugar regulating agent on the portal pressure, closed hepatic venous capillaries pressues and intrahepatic capillary picture are similarly observed, no improvement can at all be recognized in the hepatic circulatory disturbances in allyl formate poisoning.

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In the sutdy on the relationship between the so-called auto-liver antibody that acts against the liver tissue antigen and the serum protein picture, mainly in the cases of infectious hepatitis, the author arrived at the following conclusions.
1. The total serum protein in the case positive to the so-called auto-liver-antibody is a little lower than that in the case negative to this antibody.
2. In the case postive to auto-liver-antibody, γ-globulin is markedly increased in volume as compared with the case negative to the antibody.
3. As for the changes in the serum protein fractions, when auto-liver-antibody titer is at peak in the clinical course, albumin, α-and β-globulins rather tend to decrease as compared with these before or after such a peak period, while γ-globulin shows a slight increase. However, along with a fall or disappearance of this antibody titer γ-globulin shows a decreasing tendency. From these results it can be assumed that there is a close relationship between the mechanism increasing the content of γ-globulin and the mechanism producing auto-liver-autibody in hepatitis, especially in infectious hepatitis and liver cirrhosis.

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By loading homogenous and heterogenous visceral antibodies as well as homogenous and heterogenous antisera of organs, extracted from the same or different species of animals previously sensitized by the respecitve antigen of the same and different of animals to the same and also different species of normal ani, als, the author studied the changes in the serum protein pictures and visceral antibody titer in respective group of animals, and obtained the following results.
1. When rabbits are sensitized by the extracts of various viscera (liver, stomach and caecum, etc.) of normal doges or rabbits, a decreasing tendency in the total serum protein can be recognized during and after the sensitization
2. In the sensitization mentioned above, the picture of the serum protein fractions during and after sensitization reveals a decrease in serum albumin and an increase in γ-globulin, and at the same time α-globulin and β-globulin are seen to fluctuate prior to the fluctuation of γ-globulin. Moreover, in the case of sensitization by the heterogenous visceral antigen the changes in the serum protein fractions are more marked than those in the case sensitized by homogenous antigen.
3. The rate of rise in the visceral antibody titer when sentitized by various visceral antigens parallels approximately with the change in γ-globulin.
4. The total protein of serum when loaded with antisera of the homogenous or heterogenous viscera (liver, stomach, duodenum, etc.) to respective species of animals shows a decreasing tendency both during and after the loading of such antisera.
5. As for the loading of the various visceral antisera above mentioned, the picture of serum protein fractions, irrespective of homogenous or heterogenous visceral antisera, reveals a slight decrease in serum albumin and β-globulin, not so marked changed in γ-globulin, and a relative increase in α-globulin. About one week after loading these antisera the serum albumin decreases; γ-globulin increases; and these fractions fluctuate preceding the changes in α-and β-globulin fractions. In addition, one week after the loading α-globulin fluctuates in parallel with the change in γ-globulin, while β-globulin in parallel with albumin.
6. Th production of titer of antibody against these visceral antigens at the time loaded with various visceral antisera approxmately parallels with the changes of γ-globulin.
7. From the fact that the decrease in albumin fraction is more marked in the group loaded with the liver antiserum than in the groups loaded with other visceral antisera as observable in the serum protein picture in the comparative study between the group loaded with liver antiserum and the groups given other visceral antisera, the relative visceral specificity and the course of liver disturbances due to the specificity have been veirfied.

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This investigation was performed on 67 carcinoma of the cervix patients who were subjected to the Okabayashi Operation during the period from June 1957 to Dec. 1958. These patients consisted of 50 unselected cases, the 2 cases who had the postoperative retroperitoneal suppuration, and 15 cases who were subjected to the preoperative x-ray radiation on one side. The bacteriologic examination with Good-pasture's and methylenblue staining was done on the primary sites of cancer, the parametrial tissues and the regional lymph nodes after the serial section. The further investigation was extended to the histological examination concerning the inflammatory reactions.
Following results were obtained:
1) The rates of detecting bacteria in the primary sites of carcinoma, parametrial tissues, and lymph nodes were 54.0%, 22.3% and 21.8% respectively. No relationship with the clinical stage was found.
2) The rate of detecting bacteria from the standpoint of C. P. L. classification (IMAI) was same in each type as far as the primary sites concerned, but in both the parametrial tissues and lymph nodes the type L was meaningly higher than type C and P.
3) According to Nagase's classification there were present no significant difference regarding the primary sites and parametria, but in lymph nodes the type II was meaningly higher than the type I in rate.
4) The relationship with growth-type of carcinoma was as follows: Those having the endophytic type in growth were revealed to have the higher incidence of bacteria in both the primary sites and lymph nodes compared with those of exophytic type.
5) Dividing the parametrial tissue into the superior, middle, and inferior parts, the last was meaningly low in rate compared with the superior and middle parts. This was seemingly due to the anatomical relationship of lymph-vessels.
6) As regard to lymph nodes, the hypogastric nodes were 28% and the obturator nodes, superior iliac and inferior iliac nodes were around 15% each in rate. As regard to the relation of the detection rate with the size of lymph nodes, it was revealed that the larger the lymph nodes are, the higher is the incidence. It is, however, noticeable fact that even the bean-sized lymph nodes were not always negative of bacteria. It should be kept in mind, therefore, on the removal of lymph nodes at the time of operation to avoid mashing the lymph nodes as far as possible for protecting the postoperative infection.
7) Those having the metastasized lymph nodes or the parametrial infiltration of cancer were revealed to be higher in rate than those having neither the infiltration nor the metastasis.
8) The lymph nodes and the parametria which were positive of bacteria in the primary sites of cancer were higher in rate than those having no infection in primary sites.
9) The variety of bacteria investigated mostly consisted of cocci and far less of bacilli.
10) No influence to detection rate was arisen from by X-ray preoperative treatment as far as dosage of 1.164 r to 1.392 r concerned.
11) 3 out of 50 cases were complicated with the postoperative retroperitoneal suppuration.
12) It was disclosed that in all three parts, primary sites, parametria, and lymph nodes, those having the servere inflammatory reaction not always showed the high rate of bacteria-detection. It highly seems to us that other factor aside from the bacterial infection, probably anti-carcinoma protecting reaction, could play the important role for the inflammatory reaction of parametrial tissue and stromal tissue of the primary sites of cancer.

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The skeletal muscles of the mammals were stained with Sudan-black-B, phosphorylase reaction and glycogen staining and the functional differentiation of the muscle fibers was histochemically attempted.
1) Smaller muscle fibers were better stained, while larger ones were less stained with Sudan-black-B.
2) Phosphorylase reaction was strongly positive in larger muscle fibers, while it was negative in smaller ones.
3) Serial sections were made from the same part of the muscle and the same part of these sections were investigated by Sudan-black-B staining and phosphorylase reaction, in which the fibers heavily stained with Sudan-black-B were negative for phosphorylase reaction and vice versa.
4) There was intermediate type of fibers, which were slightly positive for both Sudan staining and phosphorylase reaction.
5) Glycogen staining of the muscle fibers showed that larger muscle fibers contained more glycogen.
From these results, it would appear that white muscle fibers get the source of energy by anerobic glycolysis.

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Many studies on functional differentiation of the spinal anterior column cells have been performed by Granit and other physiologists, but its histological appraisal has not been made yet.
The author investigated various parts of the spinal cord of cats with glycogen staining, phosphorylase reaction and keto-enolic granula staining. The large cells of the lateral nuclei in the anterior column cell group of the cervical and lumbar enlargements had strongly positive phosphorylase reaction and more glycogen and keto-enolic granules, while in the thoracic anterior column or in the medial nuclei of the cervical and lumbar enlargements, the larger cell group was hardly seen and there were mostly the smaller cell groups with negative or extremely weak phosphorylase reaction, less glycogen and less keto-enolic granules.
The author has stated in Part I that the white muscle fiber has more phosphorylase and less dehydrogenase, while the red muscle fiber has more dehydrogenase and less phosphorylase. From these facts as stated above, it is considered that the anterior column cells of the lateral nuclei of the cervical and lumbar enlargements innervating the muscles of the extremities with phasic movement are the larger ones and have different metabolic system from that of the smaller cell group of the thoracic anterior column or the medial nuclei innervating the muscles of trunk with tonic function.

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The author studied the serolochemical properties of phosphorylated proteins by POCI₃, that is, the cross-reactions of phosphorylated human serum albumin (PHuSa) with antibodies of phosphorylated crystalline hen's egg albumin (PEa) were observed by applying the precipitin tests (viz. the precipitin ring test and the serum agar precipitin test) and the active Arthus's test given to guinea pigs. And the following results were obtained.
1) PEa, when injected into rabbits, produced antibodies which gave precipitin reaction with PHuSa. However these anti-PEa sera also reacted both with PEa and unchanged egg albumin (Ea).
2) The anti-PEa sera reacted with PHuSa also by the Oudin's serum agar technic and it was presumed from this reaction that the PHuSa anti-PEa reaction was a single antigen antibody reaction system.
3) By increasing phosphoryl groups introduced into Ea, no remarkable changes given to the antigen titer of anti-PEa sera were found.
4) The PEa anti-PEa reaction was compared with the Ea anti-PEa reaction by applying the serum agar technic and the number of precipitate bands of the former was equal with that of the latter. But the moving speed of precipitate bands of the former was slow than that of the latter.
5) The Arthus's reaction between PHuSa and antibodies in guinea pigs actively sensitized to PEa was kypt positive, but as to these animals the Arthus's reactions with both PEa and Ea were also kept positive.

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The author studied the physicochemical properties of phosphorylated proteins by POCI₃ and also studied the reactions of phosphorylated proteins with antibodies of original proteins. And it was proved that the phosphorylated egg albumin (PEa) was different from the original egg albumin (Ea) in the physicochemical properties and also proved that the reactions of PEa with antibodies of Ea were different from the reactions of Ea. And the results were as follows.
1) Comparing with Ea, PEa contained phosphoryl groups. And the quantity of phosphoryl groups increased, in some extent, in accordance with the quantity of POCI₃ additioned in Ea.
2) Comparing with the Ea solution, the PEa solution showed incoagulability on boiling also showing insolubility near the isotonic point and was far more viscous and then showed the slightly fast moving parties and a moving tendency as one component by filter-paper electrophoretic method.
3) The antigen titer of anti-Ea sera decreased in inverse proportion to increasing phosphoryl groups introduced into Ea.
4) The PEa anti-Ea reaction was compared with the Ea anti-Ea reaction by applying the serum agar technic and the number of precipitate bands of the former showed a tendency to get into one by increasing phosphoryl groups introduced into Ea and the moving speed of precipitate bands of the former was slow than that of the latter.
5) The Arthus's reaction between PHuSa and antibodies in guinea pigs actively sensitized to Ea was kept positive, but this Arthus's reaction was weak than that of Ea.
6) It was presumed from the above results that the phosphorylation of Ea antigen destroyed a part of determinant groups of it.

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The author studied the sensitization of animals with POCI₃. Namely guinea pigs and rabbits percutaneously sensitized to POCI₃ showed the allergic skin reaction by reinjecting POCI₃. And the results were as follows.
1) When POCI₃ was injected into the skin of normal guinea pigs, the direct skin reaction was kept positive up to 1/500 of POCI₃ in 0.1cc olive oil, after 24 hours.
2) When POCI₃ was injected into the skin of normal rabbits, the direct skin reaction was kept positive up to 1/1, 000 of POCI₃ in 0.2cc olive oil, after 24hours.
3) When 1/5, 0001/10, 000 of POCI₃ in 0.1cc olive oil was reinjected into the skin of intracutaneously sensitized guinea pigs, it showed the allergic skin reaction.
4) When 1/5, 0001/10, 000 of POCI₃ in 0.2cc olive oil was reinjected into the skin of rabbits actively sensitized by skin inunction, it showed the allergic skin reaction.
5) When the same quantity of POCI₃ was injected into the skin of normal animals and sensitized animals the skin reaction of sensitized animals was far more strong than that of normal animals.
6) From the above results it became clear that POCI₃ was a substance possible to sensitize animals.

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In order to clarifing the pathways of epileptic convulsion, the following experiments were performed by the author.
The same fieldes in the diencephalon of the cat were selectively damaged with the Horsley-Clarke's stereotaxic apparatus, and I-3 weeks after the operation the animals were artifically convulsed with the injection of 10% cardiazol into the cerebral cortex. The resultes were as followes:
1) By the damaging the bilateral Forel's field, the epileplic convulsion was efficiently intercepted, namely, among the 25 operated animals the 23 cases had no convulsion by a cardiazol injection, and only 3 convulsed.
2) By the large damaging on the bilateral nucleus of the thalamus, epileptic convulsion was also intercepted, namely, among the 3 operated animals the 2 cases had no convulsion by a cardiazol injection.

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By damaging the pathways of epileptic convulsion with the Horsley-Clarke's stereotaxic apparatus, the transient disturbance of muscle tones was observed, in the operated animals, but there was no such serious complication occured as motor palsy, tremor, athetoid movement, choreiform movement, disturbance of the eyes, defectiv feeding movement, disturbance of the voice.

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The precise histological examination revealed that the area, of which selectiv damaging intercepted the epileptic convulsion, corresponded to the bilateral small spherical regions having a diameter of 2-3mm with H₂ of Forel's field as its center.
The large damaging of the bilateral nucleus medialis of thalamus was also effective to intercept the epileptic convulsion.

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Epileptic convulsions were caused by local injection with metrazol in the motor cortex of cats. In each stadium after the onset of convulsions, resections of the motor cortex and lesions between the lenticular nucleus and the brain leg, between the lenticular nucleus and thalamus, between the black substance and red nucleus and between the black substance and peripheral parts was performed. Then the convulsions were continously recorded and investigated using electromyogram. The propagating mechanism was as follows:
1) The stimulation in the motor cortex provocated excitment in the lenticular nucleus and thalamus after a fixed time. Then after another fixed time the excitment in black substance and red nucleus was caused. It means that the excitment part mobilizes to the lower center with the elapse of time.
2) By the resection of the mortor cortex, the convulsions were able to be kept within 2 seconds after the onset of convulsions. Therefore the excitment in the lenticular nucleus and thalamus delayed 2 seconds more.
3) The resection between the lenticular nucleus and brain leg and the total resection between the leuticular nucleus and thalamus and between the black substance and red nucleus can inhibit the convulsion within 12 seconds after its onset. Therefore the excitment in the black substance and red nucleus delayed 12 seconds.
4) The lesion between the black substance and peripheral parts was able to inhibit the convulsions independently from time. It is regarded that, there are no centers in the lower parts, which are influenced by convulsions.
5) In order to have a long duration of the convulsions during a fixed time the the motor cortex must take in it.

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Convulsions were caused in cats by metrazol injection. The parts between the inner capsule and brain leg were lesioned in many directions with synchro-symmtero-encephalotome within 12 seconds after the onset of convulsions. The changes of convulsions were continously recorded and studied using an electromyogram.
1) The lesions in both side and in upper parts brought no stop of convulsions.
2) At lesion in lower parts, we found the stop of convulsions in 1/3 cases and that in inferolateral parts 1/2 cases. In others no changes were seen.
3) At the lesion in superolateral parts there was the stop of convulsion in only few cases.
4) In the lesions mentioned above no important propagating ways of convulsions were fonnd.
5) At the lesion in the central part the convulsions do not stop at the upper half but stop when it comes to the upper part of pyramidal way in the lower half.
6) The parts in which main propagating ways are found are at the lower half of the central part.
7) Consequently the pyramidal fiber is not important to the propagating of convulsive excitment.

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Using the standard strains of Sal. typhi 57 S and R taken from the departmental stock, the author investigated the effects of freezing-drying treatment of bacteria on the specificity of their substrates, the permeability of inhibitors, and the properties of enzyme system, and also observed the differences in enzymatic properties of two strains. The following results were obtained.
1) It was observed the increased permeability of the surface of cells treated by freezing-drying method to inhibitors; NaN₃, NaF and HXA.
2) Both strains of bacteria tested could not oxydize gluconate and citrate in fresh state, whil the freezing-dried cells of Sal. typhi 57 R could that in some extent.
3) There was marked decrease of the oxydation capacity for pyruvate by the freezing-dried cells of both strains.
4) From the viewpoint of stoichiometrical studies, it could posturate the presence of different pathway for the degradation of glucose besides Embden-Myerhof's pathway, presumably Warburg-Dicken's shunt, in the fresh cells of Sal. typhi 57 R. But in the freezing-dried cells of both strains the degradation might be carried out through Embden-Myerhof's pathway.

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Using the standard strains of Staphy. aureus and albus stocked in author's department, the author carried out the investigations just in same way as preceeding paper (Part I). The results obtained are following.
1) The freezing-dried cells of both strains showed increased permeability to inhibitors, namely, KCN, NaN₃, NaF, and HXA, compared with the fresh cells of these bacteria.
2) The oxydation of succinate by the freezing-dried cells of both strains were not inhibited in the presence of malonate, while that oxydation by Sal. typhi was inhibited.
3) The oxydation capacity for pyruvate were markedly decreased on the freezing-dried cells of both strains.
4) In the sight of stoichiometrical studies, it could be postulated that the oxydative degradation of glucose by freezing-dried cells of Staphy. aureus might be carried out mainly through the Embden-Myerhof's pathway; and the Warburg-Dickens' shunt was also supposed to be present in the fresh cells of that bacteria. The other pathway for the degradation was thought to be exist in Staphy. albus in either case, fresh or freezing-dried.

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Using crystalline hen's ovalbumin, an experiment on passive Schulz-Dale reaction in guinea pigs was done. The results are as follows:
1). After 24 hours of incubation period, the minimal sensitizing dose of antiserum which would cause passive Schulz-Dale reaction in guinea pigs is 0.5 unit per 1 ml guinea pig blood.
2). As the dose of sensitizing antibody increases, the dose of antigen lessons, but the critical dose depends upon the individual animal. Furthermore no definite propotional relation exists between the two.
3). The minimal antigen dose on minimal sensitzing antibody dose is the binding zone equivalent dose by Ogata's method or the 1/4 of it.
4). The most appropriate antigen dose to cause anaphylaxis to the isolated guinea pig intestine which is passively sensitized is the binding zone equivalent dose of the antibody used in this reaction.
5). Comparing bovine serum which is complex antigen and crystalline hen's ovalbumin which is simple antigen, the minimal antibody sensitizing dose is extermely small in quantity in the latter when in passive Shulz-Dale reaction.

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In the case of Schulz-Dale reaction, the author reports a new device which enables to put testing material into the inner cavity of the isolated guinea pig intestine. Using this device, the effects of antigen, histamine, acetylcholine, peptone and benadryl upon serous and mucous membrane were examined. The results are as fallows:
1). Compared in using testing material to serous membrance, contraction could be caused to isolated guinea pig intestine by using only a little testing material (The dose of nourishing fluid being 50 ml, 1/101/20 dose in reactive critical dose).
2). The ratio of reactive critical concentration from serous and mucous membrone is:
antigen 1:2032
histamine 1:25
acetylcholine 1:50
peptone 1:50
benadryl 1:1000

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At the experiment of the passive intestine Schulz-Dale reaction in guinea pig, the actions of antigen, histamine and acetylcholine were compared each other on the desensitization and suppression by benadryl. The results are as follows:
1). Desensitization is established by antigen but not by acetylcholine. It seems that desensitization sometime is established by histamine.
2). Suppressive action by benadryl in its critical concentration shows that antigen is nearer to histamine than acetylcholine.
3). Benadryl concentration in order to abate contracted intestine is the same as in the case of contraction by antigen and histamine but needs higher concentration for the contraction by acetylcholine.

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