central government of Japan is promoting the compact cities against a backdrop of urban sprawl and declining population. On the other hand, the frequent natural disasters have caused disaster prevention to the urban planning However, it is hard for local municipalities to decide whether or not to consider disaster hazard zones, also it is not clear how to set up guiding zones that take these factors into account. The purpose of this study is to clarify the feasibility of an intensive urban structure with disaster preventions. As a result, it was found that the clearance of the high-risk disaster areas is not realistic because of high land price, therefore, cost benefit analysis between land price and clearance should be applied and considered the most beneficial result to the area.

This paper examines "Gap Filler," a social enterprise based in Christchurch, to comprehend the challenges and trajectory of creative placemaking. Consequently, while the activities of "Gap Filler," which plans and operates experimental and engaging projects fostering community and place integration, have diversified in response to the recovery process from the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquake, "Gap Filler" has consistently executed open, citizen-participatory, temporary, and provisional activities actively contributing to the city's recovery. The findings reveal that "Gap Filler" is at the forefront, offering an opportunity for active public involvement in the city's reconstruction and the establishment of a new urban landscape. Additionally, the results indicate a common approach underlying these activities, emphasizing creativity, playfulness, and civic imagination. In recent years, the focus on realizing the city's potential has centered on harnessing the "power of play."

The increasing severity of food crisis and social isolation and loneliness has spurred interest in the concept of the “edible city”, which seeks to address these challenges by fostering community engagement and promoting sustainable local food systems. This report delves into Christchurch, New Zealand, which aims to transform into an "edible garden city," providing insights into its policies and current status. Analysis of official documentation reveals a concerted effort to promote various initiatives such as home gardens, community gardens, food foraging, edible parks, school gardens, and farmers markets. Additionally, field survey has uncovered the cultivation of food and foraging activities in public spaces, contributing to the development of inclusive communities.

Retraction of : The purpose of this study is to clarify what issues children with foreign backgrounds face in the case of a disaster and examine the measures needed to resolve these issues. As a result, the issues that are essential for survival in case of a disaster were identified. For example, the issue of food and how to cope with being alone. On top of that, there overlap the language and information issues that are unique to " children with foreign backgrounds". To address these issues, it is necessary to know in advance where food can be obtained and where information can be provided in multiple languages. It is also important to connect with the local community on a regular basis and build relationships to help each other.