Die Kollagenlösung aus der Schwanzsehne der Maus wurde bei verschiedenem pH mit Chondroitinschwefelsäure, Heparin und NaCl versetzt, und die entstandenen faserigen Gebilde wurden untersucht. Je besser sich die Fibrillen entwickeln und ihre Querzonierungen deutlicher werden, um so besser werden sie mit großen Farbstoffmolekülen färbbar. Ihre molekularen Gefügelücken werden also dabei größer. Ein kleiner Teil der aus der Kollagenlösung gebildeten Fibrillen zeigte zwar mehr oder weniger deutliche Querzonierungen von 60-70mμ Periodenlänge und beinahe gleichweite Gefügelücken wie die natürlichen Kollagenfibrillen, die übrigen Fibrillen waren alle von weit verschiedener Ultrastruktur und Ultrastrukturdichte.

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1. When the sections of tooth germ tissues are stained with WEIGERT's resorcinfuchsin, the acid insoluble enamel matrix at the formative stage is stained in the same colour with elastic fibers. And, the various shaping substances stained as well as the enamel matrix, are described in the enamel organ cells at each stage of amelogenesis (Fig. 1).
2. The enamel matrix and the above-mentioned substances in the enamel organ cells are singularly stained with resorcinfuchsin, at least, in tooth germ tissues. The other tissue elements of tooth germ are very little stained (Fig. 2).
3. For this staining, tooth germ tissues are fixed by ZENKER-formol or 10% formol, decalcified by 3% trichloroacetic acid solution, and are embedded in celloidin. The sections are transferred directly to resorcinfuchsin solution, without staining the nucleus beforehand, are stained for 2-5 days. And then, the nucleuses are stained by hematoxylin or safranin, mounting in balsam.
4. Pre-enamel and young enamel are stained most deep by resorcinfuchsin in enamel matrix, especially, young enamel is stained homogeneously. Next, the stainability of the matrix for resorcinfuchsin is lost by degrees as it moves to late transitional enamel through early transitional enamel. The alteration of staining rate of matrix by resorcinfuchsin is paralell to the alteration of colour by hematoxylin-eosin stain or MALLORY's stain (Table 1).
5. At the formative stage, the granules stained deep with resorcinfuchsin are observed in infranuclear cytoplasms of ameloblasts of dogs and rats (Fig. 7, 9 and 10), and in infranuclear cytoplasms and intercellular spaces of ameloblasts and in intra- and extracellular portions of stratum intermedium cells, of guinea pigs and rabbits (Fig. 1-6).
Simultaneously with the beginning of matrix formation, the mass of substances which is stained slightly amorphously with resorcinfuchsin appears in the portion of ameloblasts which corresponds to GOLGI's zone (Fig. 2, 6, 7 and 9), and goes away in the completion of matrix formation.
6. It seems that the granules which are stained deep with resorcinfuchsin, in infranuclear cytoplasms of ameloblasts of various kinds of animals, occur from the slightly stained mass in GOLGI's zone, and transfer to enamel prisms through both TOMES' processes and so-called homogenized TOMES' processes (Fig. 7). It is probable that the mass of slightly stained substances at GOLGI's zone is Golgi's apparatus itself or its products, judging from the portion and duration therein.
The so-called homogenized TOMES' processes of dogs and rats are stained with resorcinfuchsin (Fig. 7, 9 and 10).
7. It is, most probably, that resorcinfuchsin stainable granules in stratum intermedium are secreted from stratum intermedium cells and transfer to enamel matrix through intercellular spaces of ameloblasts and stratum intermedium cells. It is not a little interesting to find that, in intercellular spaces of ameloblasts, resorcinfuchsin stainable granules are frequently observed near the basal and distal terminal bar apparatus (Fig. 1, and 6). These substances may, anyway, be used for the formation of interprismatic stbstances.
8. In order to understand the characteristics of these resorcinfuchsin-stainable substances, various histological and histochemical stainings are employed (Table 2).
CHEVREMONT and FREDERIC's test for sulfhydryl group gives positive reactions for enamel matrix, and the transition of reaction rate of matrix is paralell with the transition of staining rate by resorcinfuchsin of it. From this point of view, it is well considered that resorcinfuchsin-stainable substances in enamel matrix will be sulfhydryl group containing potein: keratin or keratin-like substances. It is doubtful, however, whether the granules in enamel organ posess sulfhydryl group or not.

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The three components the Conial, Supraangular and Angular of doemestic fowl's mandible, follow in part the pattern of metaplastic hone formation.

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The liver of the rats was studied histologically after the subcutaneous injections of histamine dihydrochloride daily 3mg for 69-470 days.
1. The liver is mostly of a cloudy very dark reddish colour, swells a little and is brittle, and then parenchymatous degeneration can be presumed.
2. Congestion in the hepatic sinusoids (73.3%) can be seen, and the blood vessels in GLISSON's capsule are mostly dilated.
3. Cloudy swelling (100%) and fatty degeneration (60%) of the liver cells are noted without regard to the injection-frequency, and necrosis of the cells (53.3%) is noted in the animals which were injected with histamine for more than 150 days.
4. Change in the size and of the form, or degeneration of the cell nuclei can be noted, but these are mostly related to the degeneration of the liver cell itself.
5. Groups of the unknown cells appear in the lobulus. The cells give a yellow or a light orange colour by the staining of haematoxylin and eosin. In this study, the authors could not investigate the origin of the cells.

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Bei mehreren Kaninchen wurde die Arterie an einem Ort unterbunden, um ihre Struktur nach einem Halbjahr zu untersuchen.
1. An dem unterbundenen Ort und in dem von hier proximalen Teil der Arterie, in welcher sich der systolische Blutdruck stark steigert, wuchern in der Intima die Endothelzellen, unter welchen die Kollagenfasern und feine elastischen Fasern neugebildet wurden, so daß also sich die Intima stark verdickt. Auch verdickt sich die Media, weil sich die Kollagenfasern und amorphen Grundsubstanzen in ihr vermehren, dagegen bleibt die Menge der elastischen Elemente und Muskulatur unverändert.
2. In dem von der Unterbindung distalen Teil der Arterie, in welcher ein enorm sinkender Blutdruck herrscht, wird die Arterienwand beträchtlich dünner. Die Menge der elastischen Elemente, Muskulatur und Kollagenfasern reduziert sich, in dem Maße: Muskulatur>elastische Elemente>Kollagenfasern. Die elastischen Lamellen in der Media werden beträchtlich dünner und verschwinden vielerorts. Ihre Färbbarkeit mit Resorcinfuchsin vermindert sich.
3. Der Ausfall und die Ausdehnung der Pjs-SCHIFF-Reaktion in der Media und Adventitia bleiben immer fast dieselben, nur daß in der verdickten Intima an der Unterbindungsstelle und an dem von der Unterbindung proximalen Teil die Pjs-SCHIFF-Reaktion und Metachromasie bei der Toluidinblaufärbung von pH 4.1 etwas stärker ausfallen.
4. Wohl bekannt ist, daß bei der Verdickung der Wand der großen Arterien sich der systolische Blutdruck steigert. Umgekehrt, wird aber auch bei der Steigerung des Blutdruckes die Gefäßwand verdickt, indem in ihr sich Kollagenfasern und amorphe Grundsubstanzen vermehren. Bei der Blutdruckherabsetzung wird dagegen die Media hauptsächlich durch die Vermindernng der Muskulatur und elastischen Elemente dünner.

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The results obtained in this investigation are summarized as follows:
1. The glycogen-free ova in the secondary and GRAAFian follicles at the stages of pregnancy and lactation increased as compared with those at the estrous cycle stage, whereas glycogen-laden ones decreased at those stages, and at the stage of estrous cycle after weaning both the glycogen-free and glycogen-laden ova reached the same level as those at the estrous cycle stage. The percentage of the glycogen-free ovaw as higher at the stages of pregnancy and lactation than at the stages of estrous cycle and that after weaning, whereas that of the glycogen-laden ova was lower at the former two stages.
2. The glycogen-free atretic ova in the secondary and GRAAFian follicles increased at the pregnancy stage as compared with those at the estrous cycle one. The glycogen-laden ova decreased at the lactation stage. At the stage of estrous cycle after weaning, both the glycogen-free and glycogen-laden ova reached the same level as those at the estrous cycle stage. The percentage of the glycogen-free atretic ova was higher at the stages of pregnancy and lactation than at the stages of estrous cycle and of estrous cycle after weaning, whereas that of the glycogen-laden ova was lower at the stages of pregnancy and lactation, nearly coinciding with the results about the normal ova in the secondary and GRAAFian follicles.
3. The corpora lutea at the stages of pregnancy and lactation decreased as compared with those at the stage of estrous cycle, and then at the stage of estrous cycle after weaning, the corpora lutea reached the same level as those at the stage of estrous cycle.

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In order to compare the concentration grade of nuclear constituents with that of tissue, four values listed bellow were obtained experimentally. Designs of this work were summarized in Table 1.
1. Ratio of weight of dry matter to its raw tissue (m₁/M₁ listed in Table 2). The values were estimated by weighing of raw tissue (M₁) and of its dry matter after vacuum drying (m₁).
2. Specific gravity of liver tissue (M₂/V₂ listed in Table 3). The values were obtained from weight (M₂) and volume (V₂) of liver tissue.
3. Mean weight of dry matter of nucleus (W_n listed in Table 4). The values were calculated from whole weight (W_n) and number (N) of freeze-dried nuclei. Procedures for isolation of nuclei were carried out in 0.7% citric acid solution with successive homogenation and centrifugation. Finally obtained nuclear fraction which was suspended in the same madium was frozen and dried completely in vacuo. Whole number of freeze-dried nuclei was calculated from the number counted with hemocytometer under microscope.
4. Mean volume of nucleus (V_n listed in Table 4). The values were calculated from the size in 0.7% citric acid solution observed through Ramsden microocular.
Two ratios: 1./2.=0.328 for tissue, and 3./4.=0.154 for nuclei, may represent the amount of dry matter per its raw volume and may be considered to be “density” of tissue or nucleus respectively. These results may suggest that the “density” of nuclear level may be less than that of tissue, and even if the value was adjusted by HALE and KEY's estimation, it may not exceed the “density” of tissue level.

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The testicles of snapping turtle are located close to the medial edges of the kidneys and are oval in form. The hilus testis is connected with the duplicated peritoneal mesorphium. A loose connective tissue of considerable thickness lies between the tubuli contorti testis. The tubuli contorti become tubuli recti upon reaching the hilus and then unite into a single duct.
The proper nerves coming into the testis run through the mesorchium into the parenchyma testis. They mainly consist in fine vegetative fibres but a small number of thick sensory fibres are also found intermingled. The vegetative fibres always end in STÖHR's terminal reticula. The sensory fibres, unlike in mammals, always end in the intertubular connective tissue of the parenchyma testis. Their terminations are very simple, consisting mainly in unbranched terminations and sometimes in simple branched terminations with terminal branches running out rather long wavy or looped courses. The terminal fibres sometimes run close up to the tubuli contorti but never penetrate into their spermatic epithelium.
The 1st spermatic duct originating in the hilus testis runs through the mesorphium and then lateralwards through the subserosa covering the corpus suprarenale and then joins the peculiarly constructed 2nd spermatic duct that runs downwards through the loose connective tissue layer formed in the middle part of the ventral side of the kidney. The 1st spermatic duct is a fine duct lined by a one-rowed cubic epithelium and covered by a layer of unstainable connective tissee. The 2nd spermatic duct is small in size and covered by a layer of circularly running spindlelike fibrocytes staining reddish at its incipient part, but the very long-extended 2nd spermatic duct proper has a wide lume, is lined by a one-rowed cubic epithelium, has a well-developed connective tissue circular layer around it and is covered on the outermost side by a longitudinal smooth muscle layer. In the loose connective tissue around it are found very numerous fine aberrant ductuli.
Nerve plexus is formed here and there in the loose connective tissue around the 2nd spermatic duct. This consists of many vegetative fibres and a few sensory fibres and send out nerve branches toward the 1st spermatic duct and the testicle.
The terminations of these sensory fibres are very simple in formation and are only sparse in the 1st spermatic duct and the proximamlmost part of the 2nd spermatic duct. But in the 2nd spermatic duct proper, the number of the terminations grows the larger, as we go down the further and beside the simple branched type, some instances of branched terminations are also found. Such branched terminations are particularly frequent around the 2nd spermatic duct in the part where it runs along the urethra and is free of the accompanying aberrant canaliculi.
Upon passing over into the ductus ejaculatorius, it runs along the lateral side of the anal canal and finally opens out into the anal canal. This duct grows smaller in size distalwards. It is lined by a one-rowed cylindrical epithelium and the longitudinal muscle layer around the circular connective tissue layer covering it becomes slowly poorer in development as the duct goes distalwards.
A rather large number of sensory fibres are found around the ductus ejaculatorius, forming their terminations around or inside the muscularis and in the subepithelial connective tissue. The termination are of the unbranched or the simple branched type and the terminal fibres often run out complex courses.
The epithelium of the urinary bladder is a strataified cylindrical one and the muscularis covering the outside of the propria mucosae is considerably well developed, forming a circular layer in most places but in some places forming a lonigtudinal one. The muscularis is covered on its outside by the submucosa and the serosa.

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Longitudinal mucous folds in the oesophagus in goat are found only in its lower parts. The epithelium there is of thick stratified flat nature and regularly arranged small papillae grow into it from the very thin propria mucosae. The longitudinal muscularis mucosae is only poorly develped in the lower oesophagus. The submucosa contains much fat tissue, but the blood vessels therein are very ill developed, perhaps owing to the absence of oesophageal glands. The tunica muscularis of striated muscle fivres consists of an inner longitudinal and an outer circular layers, which grow somewhat thicker downwards, but in the lowest part of the oesophagus, the direction of the muscle fibres is exchanged, fibres in the inner layer running circularly and those in the outer layer longitudinally, another layer of circular smooth muscle fibres is formed inside the inner layer above.
The first forestomach or the rumen of goat is provided with few folds on its mucous membrane but stomach papillae resembling those on the tongue are formed on it. The epithelium here is a stratified flat one, only 1/3-1/4 of that in the oesophagus in thickness. The papillary formation from the propria into the epithelium is good in the stomach papillae but inferior in other parts. Lamina muscularis mucosae is also anything but well developed, being utterly absent outside the incipient part of the rumen. The submucosa containing neither fat tissue nor mucous glands, the blood vessels here are very ill developed. The tunica muscularis contains some striated fibres in the incipient part, but in other parts, these fibres are replaced by smooth muscle fibres and the tunica comes to consist of thin inner circular and outer longitudinal layers.
Of the nerve fibres coming into the oesophagus, the somatomotor fibres accounting for the largest majority and originating in the n. accessorius end in motor endplates.
The vegetative fibres entering the oesophagus comprise sympathetic and vagal parasympathetic fibres and first run into the AUERBACH's plexus, which is very poorly developed, for the number of the vegetative fibres for the goat's oesophagus is much smaller than that for the gullets of man and other animals containing numerous smooth muscle fibres. In the lower oesophagus of goat, however, the AUERBACH's plexus contains some small ganglia. The MEISSNER's plexus in the submucosa is also very ill developed, containing no nerve cell.
The ganglion cells in the AUERBACH's plexus are mostly of the DOGIEL's Type I, but the development of their nerve processes is very inferior. The vegetative fibres always end in STÖHR's terminal reticula, particularly in good formation in the muscularis mucosae.
Thick sensory fibres originating in the n. vagus are found distributed in the oesophagus of goat too. These run first to the AUERBACH's plexus, a part of them ending here, but the majority run further into the submucosa and form their terminations spreading thence into the propria from the muscularis mucosae. These sensory fibres are found in a larger number and show somewhat more complex terminal mode in goat than in dog and snapping turtle, but no such high-class glomerular or complex branched terminations as found in the human oesophagus were ever found in goat.
The sensory terminations in the AUERBACH's plexus consist in specific branched terminations with their rather numerous thick terminal fibres running peculiar looped courses while showing frank change in size spread out over rather wide areas. The sensory terminations in the propria, however, are merely of simple branched type, and comprise those with little winding terminal fibres and those with peculiarly winding terminal fibres (the so-called snake-like terminations). The terminal fibres run up very close to the underside of the epithelium but never further into it.
In the incipient part of the rumen, where the tunica muscularis is well developed

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1. Fine vegetative fibres are found distributed in the chorioidea of the eye of snapping turtle. The fibres come into close relation with the perivascular plexus and probably end in STÖHR's terminal reticula.
2. The nerve fibres supplied to the ciliary and iridic muscles originate in the rather thick parasympathetic fibres from the n. oculomotorius. These fibres do not form the usual motor end-plates, but end in a peculiar net system of fibres showing frequent change in size, which is remarkably similar in structure to the nervous terminal net observed in the paraganglia of mammals. Such a finding suggests that the above muscles are involuntary muscles resembling the heart muscles in function. No sensory termination could be found in the ciliary body and the iris.
3. The nerves coming into the cornea originate in the plexus ciliaris and comprise thick sensory fibres as well as fine vegetative fibres. The vegetative fibres form in the substantia propria corneae terminal reticula which stand in close contact with the corneal cells. The sensory fibres are originally derived from the n. nasociliaris and end in branched terminations beneath or in the anterior corneal epithelium. Nerve fibres ending in the posterior epithelium are not rare either. These too are of sensory nature in all probability.
4. Neither hairs nor glands are found in the eyelids of snapping turtle, but the sensory nerve distribution is not essentially different from that in man. In their skin part, sensory fibres are comparatively abundant. The fibres run up close to the underside of the epidermis and form their unbranched and simple branched terminations there. In the lidmargin with its well-developed stratum papillare and small papillae growing out thence into the epidermis, the sensory fibres are much more abundant than in the skin part and end in simple or sometimes in rather complex branched terminations. In the palpebral conjunctiva sensory fibres are extremely few and form only very simply formed terminations.
5. The conjunctiva bulbi is rather rich in sensory fibres, including some of thick calibre. These fibres usually end in unbranched and simple branched terminations subepithelially, but intraepithelial fibres are not rare either.
6. The third eyelid of snapping turtle contains more sensory fibres than does the human plica semilunaris. These fibres too, as in the conjunctiva bulbi, end either in very simply formed subepithelial terminations or intraepithelial fibres.

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1. Beim Huhn werden farbspeicherungsfähige Histiocyten und ihre Vorstufen, wie bei den Säugetieren, unter dem mehrreihigen flimmernden Zylinderepithel am zahlreichsten und daran anschließend unter dem mehrschichtigen Plattenepithel zahlreich gesehen. Im Gegensatz zu den Säugetieren erscheinen sie auch unter dem Riechepithel. Unter dem nicht flimmernden kubischen Epithel der Phonationseinrichtung, Syrinx, in der Teilungsstelle der Trachea und der Nasennebenhöhle sind sie kaum zu sehen.
2. Am zahlreichsten treten farbspeichernde Zellen auf in der Nasenhöhle: in der Wandung des Respirationsweges, besonders an den Abhebungen ihrer Wandung; im Rachen: um die Mündung der Tuba auditiva, an der Pharynxfalte und am Ösophaguseingang; im Kehlkopf: am Kehlkopfwulst und in der Ventralwand der Kehlkopfhöhle; in der Luftröhre: zwischen den Knorpelspangen in dem Unterteil der Trachea; in der Syrinx an der Teilung der Trachea: ober- und unterhalb der Paukenhaut. Alle diese Stellen sind ja diejenigen, welche bei Atmung und Futtereinnehmen in verschiedener Weise leicht gereizt werden.
3. Um den lymphatischen Apparat in der Wandung des Rachens und Kehlkopfes und die Mündung des Drüsenausführungsganges kommen farbspeichernde Zellen zahlreich vor.
4. Um Drüsen, Venengeflechte und Fettgewebe in der Tiefe der Schleimhaut und in der Nähe der Knochen- und Knorpelhaut werden, wie bei den Säugetieren, mit Farbstoff vollgestopfte, große Histiocyten gesehen.
5. Die farbspeichernden Zellen sind beim Huhn durchschnittlich etwas kleiner als bei der Maus und Katze.

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