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Volume 45 (1998)
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Volume 45, Issue 3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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MuLing Tian, Kazuo Sugiyama, Mituo Kamaike, Makoto Watanabe, John Shac ...Article type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 1-10
Published: September 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to develop an evolutionary algorithm with diverse individuals for use in a computer aided system for car design. The authors constructed a support system for inquiry into car styling configurations consistent with given image concept, taking advantage of genetic algorithms. As the following on from previous work, this paper addresses the premature convergence problem of evolutionary systems based on genetic algorithms, using the concept of a "population-evolution environment" proposed by the authors. Based on this concept, the proposed algorithm evaluates a population of genotypes with respect to a particular set of conditions, which are represented by an external environment and an internal environment. Furtheromore, two internal environment modules have been investigated in this study. The results show that the convergence process has been improved and the diversity of the individuals has increased in the solution population.View full abstractDownload PDF (2824K) -
Itsuko Tokinaga, Kaoru ArouArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 11-18
Published: September 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors review the world of color from viewpoints of visualization of color order. Principal color orders are surveyed their history, guiding principles and variables are considered to present color order systems. Most of the color order systems accompany with thiers color atlas, that can make us understand visually. For the purpose of diffusion of the system, it is so indispensibly. Therefore, NCS (Natural Colour System), a kind of present color order systems has the application closely resemble color atlas in spite of the guiding principles.View full abstractDownload PDF (1015K) -
Yuichiro Kondo, Kiyoshi MiyazakiArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 19-26
Published: September 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to recreate the Ecological System in rice crop agricultural fields. For a case study, we conducted water research, interview, etc. at Inagaki Village of Aomori Prefecture. As a result, we have learned that Inagaki Village has various problems such as water pollution, non-utillization of straw, chaff. But there are also various benefits found like the self-cleaning power of the river, the environmental conservation party. Based on these knowledge, we recreated the Ecological System following the present system of there. This Ecological System is referred herein as the carbonized chaff made from chaff, and used as graywater treatment materials. After using, we reuse it for the compost. Next, we return the compost into the soil, and we can get a safe and high-quality rice with the new straw and chaff. Moreover, we show the feasibility of the Ecological system in a quantitative simulation and the above research studies.View full abstractDownload PDF (1493K) -
Yuichiro Kondo, Kiyoshi MiyazakiArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 27-36
Published: September 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to recreate the Ecological System in rice crop agricultural fields. We conducted the questionnaire form of research at Inagaki Village of Aomori Prefecture as a case study. We distributed about 1403 questionnaires to families, and we gathered some 665 valid answers. The main content of the questionnaire is to cheak the people's relationship with their water environment. Further, we got the rural landscape design available from the regional development. For the analysis, in re-creating the Ecological System, we need five directions : 1) The environment conservation action by housewives as the main factor. 2) The recycling system of kitchen garbage as a necessity in the region. 3) The concern of the people themselves on their environment. 4) The graywater treatment methods available at their homes. 5) The environment conservation action by all inhabitants of the region.View full abstractDownload PDF (1348K) -
Yuichiro Kondo, Hiroyuki Aoki, Kiyoshi MiyazakiArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 37-44
Published: September 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to recreate the Ecological System in rice crop agricultural fields. In this paper, related to the first paper of this study, we made three experiments (Thermogravimetric Analysis, Specific Surface Area, Pore Size Distribution). We discussed about the practical use of chaff as a graywater treatment materials by changing the carbonized conditions. As a result, the following effects were obtained : 1) The carbonized chaff includes carbon less than active carbon, but on the other hand, includes mineral more than active carbon. 2) The carbonized chaff is economically superior to active carbon or charcoal. 3) We can produce the carbonized chaffs by changing carbonized conditions, which have pore size according to the absorbed materials. 4) The life sewage is the main cause of water pollution. So the best method is to use together three kinds of carbonized chaffs which are made from 320 & 520 degree temperature by machine, and natural carbonization in field.View full abstractDownload PDF (1177K) -
Yuichiro Kondo, Kimihide Nagase, Hiroyuki Aoki, Kiyoshi MiyazakiArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 45-52
Published: September 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe experimented on the graywater treatment using carbonized chaff on the life sewage sewer at Inagaki Village in Aomori Pref. as case study. We implemented two experiments. One is middle period experiment (we measured two times at 8 : 00 and 16 : 00 per a day and we continued for 10 days). And the other is short period experiment (we measured every 2 hours ranging from 6 : 00 to 22 : 00 per a day). We measured pH, conductivity, turbidity, DO, water temperature, depth and water speed in respect of treated water and untreated water. As a result, the following effects were obtained : 1) We got good results that pH rised to the level of fishes can breed, DO rised to the level of rice plants can grow up. 2) We identified aquatic lifes that we couldn't find there before in the experiment area. As a results, we can look upon that the graywater is treated by the index biology. 3) We identified that this "clean water" movement by inhabitants couid be developed to the environment beautification.View full abstractDownload PDF (2216K) -
Hisako Sakamoto, Hideto Kawakami, Takahiro MatsuokaArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 53-62
Published: September 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper examines the pictures of the Japanese section, which were taken in the Main Building at the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia. As a result, some pictures show us that the Japanese exhibits were put in exactly the same arrangement as the floor plan of the Japanese official catalogue, as far as we are able to see from the pictures. Although some parts of the section are investigated, the pictures and the floor plan give us a visible three-dimensional image of the Japanese section and visible Japanese exhibits. The names of items and exhibitors described on the floor plan help us to understand the sorts of Japanese exhibits in the pictures. Through the Japanese official catalogue, and the assistance of the explanations of the illustrations in books and newspapers drawn by the same composition of pictures, the American reaction and thoughts on the Japanese exhibits, the relationship with Art Nouveau in America, and the relationship with the Vienna International Exhibition of 1873 become clear.View full abstractDownload PDF (3138K) -
Toshinobu Harada, Masamitsu Moriyama, Fujiichi YoshimotoArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 63-70
Published: September 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDesigners create forms of products, they combinate "Visual Language (V.L.)" of form's basic elements which correspond to "words", and create forms which correspond to "sentences" for expressing formal semantics. However, studies on abstraction of V.L. for making product's curves and surfaces scarcely exist. So, inefficient and inhuman method of making them has been the main current yet. For example, designers control the curvature and make curves one by one by CAD systems. In this paper, at first we abstracted the points at issue of making curves and surfaces by existing CAD systems. Secondly we created V.L. and developed "a system for making curves using V.L." for solving the issue. We discuss its implementation on a computer, and show results of simulations by the system. By using our system, we can make curves by intuitional operations, without indicating the loci of a curve and controlling the curvature.View full abstractDownload PDF (1637K) -
YuChia Chen, Kaoru NoguchiArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 71-80
Published: September 30, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined the effectiveness of visual signs in the road environment. As prerequisites for sign cognition the basic characteristics of visual perception were presented. An on-the-spot survey done in Taipei suggested that sign effectiveness was influenced by environmental and cultural factors as well as by sign design. Furthermore, comparison of the present situation of road signs was made between Taipei and Chiba, and drivers' opinions on road signs in these two areas were classified using the cognitive standards. Taiwanese and Japanese students participated in cognitive experiments where slides of road guidance signs in the two areas were used, and the number of information and background visual noise included in the sign was systematically changed. The results demonstrated that detection rate and correct response rate decreased as the number of information was increased, and were influenced by the kind of information and background noise despite the same number of information. The two groups of subjects exposed to different ways of presenting road signs showed different cognitive responses.View full abstractDownload PDF (1923K)
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