We compared the curving styles of two shrine reliefs which contain the representative forms as 'Wave of Ihachi' and 'Dragon of Yoshimitsu'. The two reliefs were carved by Takeshi Ihachi and Yoshimitsu Goto, two famous wood carvers in Chiba of Edo period. We abstracted the main contour lines and the geometrical characteristics of the sculptures according to the curvature spectrum of the 3D-scanning models and analyzed the composition of the characteristics. The result shows that 'Wave of Ihachi' is composed by a lamination of flat planes with similar silhouette, which is a typical curving style of oriental sculpting, and 'Dragon of Yoshimitsu' is composed by surfaces orienting to the imagined frame inside the sculpture as a curving style close to the way of western sculpting. Two sculpture forms were recomposed by geometrical characteristics and made into models to explain difference between the two curving styles for the sculpture exhibition.

The purpose of this study was to propose a method for creating wooden toys with educational effects that would promote the healthy growth of children and to popularize this method of creating designs accurately and easily. The method is based on the Human-Centered Design (HCD) process as it is applied to the design research and development of wooden toys. In this research, we propose a method of creating toys that fulfills the developmental needs of children who are users. Therefore, the characteristics of this study are based on the ideal scenario of the user and focus on the extraction of the educational value from the analysis of qualitative information obtained through observational surveys of children. The effectiveness of the proposed method in this research was tested by evaluating a prototype project with the participation of university students and the results showed that this method was effective in promoting the educational growth of children.

In this research, our purpose was to highlight the form characteristics of the bent-wood cantilever (1932) and Paimio (1932) chairs of architect Alvar Aalto (1898-1976), and then analyzed and compared them with the chairs of contemporary Marcel Breuer (1902-1981) by focusing on the support frame and seat and back shapes of both designers' chairs.
First, we focused on the support frame and materials, and diachronically analyzed both designers' chairs to examine the process leading up to Aalto's designs, by comparing points of similarity with Breuer's steal pipe chairs, which preceded Aalto's chairs, and then to Breuer's bent-wood chairs, which followed. Next, we compared and analyzed the seat and back shapes of both designers' chairs. Finally, through our process of analysis, we were able to show the distinct features of the support frame and shape of Aalto's chairs in comparison to chairs with similar features.

When a new technology is applied, the design often changes accordingly. At that time, if there is insufficient discussion about design, there is a concern that the technology will not be accepted by consumers. In the automobile industry, the use of mirrorless technology—which excels in safety—is now drawing attention. Although many technological advantages have been reported, very few studies have evaluated these systems from a design perspective. In this study, the preference for design of mirrorless technology was evaluated from the viewpoint of purchase intention. In addition, the characteristics of individuals with an intention to purchase were analyzed, which highlighted that consumers regularly collect information about cars and place importance on design. Finally, this study evaluated effective design attributes of mirrorless cars using rough set, extracting combinations such as "the bumper is rectangular and mirrorless." This study has important implications for the adoption of automobiles with mirrorless technology.

From the viewpoint of linguistic characteristics, a typical sitcom was used as a target and an analysis was made of the differences in the design of sitcom between US and Chinese sitcoms. In the analysis, major classifications such as "gap with immaturity", "mixture of reality and fiction", "transfer of energy", "difference between implicature and explicature", "sound factor", "reconfirmation of innate difference and attribute difference" are used. And more subdivided elements were used. Scenes appearing at the beginning of each program were randomly picked up from the point where laughter was thought to have been triggered by language and voice. The percentage of insertion points caused by sound was 3%-4% in both countries. It was shown that in the U.S, the ratio of "pitch of sound" is high, and in China, the ratio of "synonyms and misunderstandings with similar sounds" is high.

We have developed a program called "Let's stand up and draw art in the sky!" in which patients perform rehabilitation exercises based on interactive changes in VR images, and the level of exercises achieved is reflected in the images as feedback; and have conducted a clinical study by utilizing this program for sitting-down and standing-up rehabilitation exercises. In a recovery-phase rehabilitation hospital, the patients who used the program rated their enjoyment of rehabilitation significantly higher than those who did not use the program. The patients who used the program also found that rehabilitation was more enjoyable after the exercise than before. In addition, the number of movements increased significantly with continuing exercises over a long time period. Among the visitors who used the program for rehabilitation at the day care facility for the elderly, the "Level of Vitality", "Level of Willingness", and "Level of Satisfaction" toward rehabilitation improve when exercises were continued over a long time period, which can lead to motivation.

What makes one city's atmosphere different from another's? People may look at cities, but the atmosphere is what they feel. The main purpose of this study, which arose from a search for the answer to that question, is to clarify the logic underlying the uniqueness of a given place. I believe that the atmosphere of a city can be defined as the peculiar nature, idiosyncrasies, and features of that place-that is, its uniqueness. The purpose of this report is to clarify the "elements" that form the "one city's atmosphere different from another's", and to use a diaglam summarizing the concept of a place perception as a clue I conduct and analyze a questionnaire with the purpose of clarifying the "recognition of the atmosphere of a city" of the people who live there. The idea of " the uniqueness of a given place" is applied to the questionnaire results in the two towns, and the constituent elements of the "one city's atmosphere different from another's " that are found from there are tried to be clarified. This finding suggested that "natural elements" is the "factor element" that forms the "diference".

The development of devices and recognition technologies has been increasing experience-based displays utilizing users' behavior recognition. However, it is difficult to tell users under display environments what behaviors they are expected to engage in. In this paper, behavior communication means are proposed which use pictograms. With making adjustments in compositions and forms solely to communicate behaviors as well as creating still and animated pictograms, comparisons were made among test subjects in their 20's through 70's regarding their ratio of correct answers and average time needed to achieve behaviors. As for evaluation experiments for the test subjects in their 20's, while their ratio of correct answers varied for still pictograms, 88.5% or more of them were able to understand all behaviors for animated ones. In addition, it was found that behaviors could be communicated also to middle-aged and senior test subjects but they tended to need longer time to do so. These outcomes were applied to experience-based displays that convey the common intangible cultural assets of Japan including Shinto shrines and furoshiki.

Throughout Japan, many local governments, organizations, and other communities produce their animated characters. Those characters, known as "local characters", symbolize the local area and are used in its media content. Local characters became increasingly popular around 2010 when many regions actively sought to produce their characters. Nevertheless, this tendency has since declined, and nowadays their continuous use in local areas has become a challenge.
In this study, we aimed to clarify the production process of symbolic design used effectively by their communities through the analysis of the "local character" phenomenon. Based on the results of a survey questionnaire targeting local characters' operating organizations, we categorized production patterns that were beneficial for the efficacy of the characters' production purposes. Finally, we analyzed the relationship between the 'efficacy of the production purpose' and characters' 'production process'.

The goal of this research is to construct a group of photographs that identify human kansei types to design novel things. This paper is a part of it, and show a result of the follows: can the state level of the attributes in images show the preferences of an individual?, and which image attributes and state levels are useful to classify kansei types? 51 evaluators ranked 16 mental image photographs from one that matched their own kansei in conjoint analysis. As a result of cluster analysis using the output data, the utility values between levels were different from the evaluators. Therefore, it was concluded that the preference of an individual can be identified from the aspects of the image. And, the importance of "saturation" and "luminance contrast", and the trend of utility values of these levels were different from the evaluators. Therefore, it was concluded that these attributes and levels are useful to classify kansei types within the photographs used in the experiment.