The objective of this study is to clarify the town development activities initiated by the private organizations in Meieki-Minami area, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture, with a keyword "creative", using "creative" as a keyword.
Firstly, we grasped the challenges issues and requests in the area through by the survey conducted by of the activities in Meieki-Minami Area Community Development Council. From the results, it was clarified that there were issues in were the ease of walking on the sidewalk, the environment and the atmosphere of the area, and also the lack of facilities that would make them want to visit.
Secondly, we grasped the evaluation by of the participants in to the event through using a questionnaire by the survey of the activities in NAGOYA Creative Council. From the results, it was clarified the attributes, the evaluation and the lifestyle of the event participants. In addition, we found that there was a need for facilities such as cafes, restaurants, and galleries were required in the district, and for the continuation of the event was required.

Focusing on the design development of information and communication systems at Mitsubishi Electric, we analyze and consider changes in the role of designers and their design methods (design approaches) from a historical perspective, using participant observation. In the 1970s, when design organizations were started, design work was mainly sketching and model making. In the 1980s, the research on the proposal approach that focused on the concept began. When the bubble burst in the 1990s, products didn't sell, lacking user value. At the same time, in the technology research department, the value-focused zero-look VA method and researches with designers started. In the 2000s, proposals in the future and value-added ones were required even in public recruitment. In this way, the design approach has been applied to real projects (Narita Airport digital signage, etc.).

The aim of this study is to gain insight into the nature of reasoning in design. Although previous research has shown that the abduction in scientific discovery and in design are different, it is insufficient to explain reasoning process in dynamic prototyping. At first, it was pointed out that in design, the discovered event is not accepted, but inferred to be resolved, which is different from the attitude in scientific discovery. Next, the following points were made. There are two cycles of reasoning in the prototyping of design activities, and they work alternately. Both of them share the same cycle of abduction, deduction, and induction in line with Perth's theory of inquiry, but they differ in that the "cycle of inquiry" is responsible for the divergent function of ideas based on a tentative design concept, while the "cycle of solution" is responsible for the convergent function of ideas. It was shown that these need to be understood as inference cycles with different roles.

In this research, "y" shaped curved handle has designed for the visually impaired with guide dogs to reduce the stress on the guide dogs and their users. Since grip of the handle is close to the user's body, the handle don't require its users to be conscious of their left hand. The asymmetric curved handle evenly distributes the transferred load on both shoulders of the guide dog.
The curves of the handle were given based on the shape optimum analysis result assumed shape parameters on prototype of arched type handle.
Walking tests using model of guide dog were carried out to investigate transferred load on guide dogs by "y" shaped curved handle during walking. The result of walking tests explain as follows; 1) The standard type handle increase transferred load on left side of guide dog. 2) "y" shaped curved handle evenly distributes transferred load on both side of guide dog.

This paper is a comparative study of Christopher Alexander's dissertation: THE SYNTHESIS OF FORM; SOME NOTES ON A THEORY, which was submitted in November 1962 and Notes on the Synthesis of Form published in 1964. This analysis revealed the following findings for the theoretical and philosophical background of Pattern Language Approach. 1) There are significant differences between Alexander's dissertation and Notes on the Synthesis of Form. 2) We should recapture Pattern Language Approach from the perspective of systems theory because Alexander deleted the definition of systems from Design for a Brain from his dissertation. 3) Alexander's dissertation has BIBLIOGRAPHY, where he placed emphasis on The Structure of Plans and Behavior. 4) Alexander's dissertation is Platonic as symbolized by the epigraph of his dissertation from Phaedrus although he valued The Open Society and Its Enemies and the philosophy of Karl Popper in his dissertation.

In order to explore the theoretical and philosophical background of Pattern Language Approach, this paper investigated historical documents in various archives around the world. The main findings are that 1) Alexander started his computational design method in August 1959 at the latest; 2) Alexander wrote the section of the computational design method in Community and Privacy; 3) Alexander submitted his first dissertation at the end of 1960; 4) M.I.T. computers, which Alexander used in the PhD program of Harvard GSD, changed from IBM 704 to IBM 709 in September 1960 and from IBM 709 to IBM 7090 in January 1962; and 5) Alexander tried to design the stations of Bay Area Rapid Transit using the theory of “City is not a Tree." These findings suggested three categories of computational design methods by Alexander: Type 1 (Overlapping structure), Type 2 (Tree structure), and Type 3 (Semi-lattice structure).

This paper analyzed Pattern Language Approach from the perspective of systems theory based on historical documents, focusing on elements and structures of generative systems. This analysis revealed that Pattern Language System was derived from the computational design method, which Alexander proposed in Community and Privacy. In addition, this analysis indicated the theoretical background of each system: 1) Diagram Overlapping System, which was proposed in Community and Privacy, might be based on Design for a Brain; 2) Diagram Tree System, which was proposed in Note on the Synthesis of Form, was based on Plans and the Structure of Behavior; and 3) Diagram Semi-lattice System proposed in “City is not a Tree" and “The Theory and Invention of Form" was based on the original systems theory developed by Christopher Alexander.

This paper revealed that Computational Generative Systems such as Diagram Overlapping System, Diagram Tree System, and Diagram Semi-lattice System is philosophically and fundamentally different from Pattern Language Systems based on the comparative analysis of Diagram Semi-lattice System and Pattern Language Systems. “Piecemeal Growth" proposed in The Oregon Experiment is the symbolic keyword for its philosophical and fundamental difference. It was difficult to explore its philosophical background due to the lack of references and footnotes in A Pattern Language and The Timeless Way of Building. The author investigated The Warburg Institute Archive and Karl R. Popper papers in the Hoover Institution Library & Archives based on the one and only footnote in The Oregon Experiment. It revealed that the idea of “Piecemeal Growth" in The Oregon Experiment was derived from Karl Popper. This study suggested that the philosophy of Pattern Language Approach is “Negative Utilitarianism" of Karl Popper.