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深水 義之, 長石 道博
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1046-1051
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
視覚の誘導場とは, 図形の周りに静電場のような場を仮定し, パターン認知などの視知覚現象を説明する心理学的概念である.最近, 視覚の誘導場について詳細な定量化, 精密なモデルが検討されると共に, パターン認識など工学的な応用が進んでいる.視覚心理現象をベースにした視覚の誘導場は, これまで難しかった人間の感性評価などでの有効性が期待されている.
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総論
村岡 洋一
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1624-1625
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/08/17
ジャーナル
フリー
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情報のWebから計算・デバイス・ソフトウェアのグリッドへ
首藤 一幸, 田中 良夫, 関口 智嗣
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1626-1631
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/08/17
ジャーナル
フリー
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全世界のWeb情報アーカイブ構築への挑戦
山名 早人
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1632-1637
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/08/17
ジャーナル
フリー
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セマンティックWebへ
津田 宏
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1638-1641
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/08/17
ジャーナル
フリー
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テキスト情報の高度利用と計算技術
萩原 純一, 進藤 達也
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1642-1645
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/08/17
ジャーナル
フリー
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映像コンテンツ制作の現状と展望
中川 伊希, 中川 邦彦
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1652-1656
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/08/17
ジャーナル
フリー
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オールトランジスタカラーテレビの製品化
赤津 光治, 岩崎 忠彦, 廣田 亮一
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1657-1660
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
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海老澤 嘉伸
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1669-1676
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/08/17
ジャーナル
フリー
Subjects were placed, in complete darkness, and asked to elicit a saccade from a repeatedly flashing stimulus in the center of the visual field to a saccade target located 10 deg to the right of the stimulus. The stimulus produced several phantom flashes basically in the direction of the saccade; they were mislocalized to the saccade target, when the flashing frequency was high (e.g., 500Hz). The stimulus was extinguished near the saccade in time. The subjects reported the position of the finally perceived phantom flash. The results of the two experiments showed that the degree of mislocalization decreasing flashing frequency, but it is not affected by the luminance of each flash or the average luminance of the flashing stimulus. Our previous study suggested that the degree of mislocalization depends on the attended position during the saccade. The results of the present study were discussed related to the attention shift.
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岡林 繁, 山崎 晃範, 杉江 昇, 畑田 豊彦
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1677-1683
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
Generally, decreasing the depression angle of HUD images, drivers can perceive more information displayed on the HUDs. However, when distance to the displayed image is not so long and the depression angle is very small, drivers sometimes perceive “double-images” displayed on the HUDs. We have first proposed and verified the hypothesis that the “double-images” stems from driver's convergence response delay.Observing driver's eye movement using EOG, we have found that the convergence response closely depends on the depression angle of HUD image. We have also found a finite depression angle, causing version of the driver's eyes to watch the HUD image, shortens the rise-up time of the convergence response and then improves the “double-images”. Next we examined how the version works to improve the “double-images”, focusing on a saccadic suppression of visual information. Finally, we have developed a cognitive model that can explain the process of representing objects as HUD images at varying distances within a 3D space.
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北島 律之, 白土 和彦, 竹田 仰
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1684-1689
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
A simple reaction time for the auditory modality is significantly shorter than that for visual modality. When stimuli in both modalities are presented, however, human beings often give preference to the visually presented information. This cannot be explained by the reaction time for each modality. The present experiment has examined whether visual stimuli were preferred or not in a spatial-choice task that requires a saccadic eye movement to respond. Light and sound stimuli appeared at different positions almost simultaneously, so subjects had to move their eyes quickly to one side. The results showed visual preference in this spatial-choice task, and this effect was stronger than in spatial-choice tasks that require responding by pushing buttons. We have discussed the relations between these phenomena and orienting attention model.
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梅谷 啓二
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1690-1696
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
A tumor stimulates the growth of small blood vessels for feeding itself. Tumor-derived small blood vessels are an intrinsic part of the tumor's development and progression. Radiographic depiction of tumor-derived small vessels is a useful tool for a basic medical study of malignant tumors. A high-resolution X-ray imaging system with a spatial resolution in the micrometer range was developed at SPring-8 for the depiction of newly formed blood vessels in animal models of cancer. The imaging system is composed of two types of detectors. One is an X-ray indirect-conversion type detector, which is a fluorescent-screen optical-lens coupling system using a high-sensitivity HARPICON pickup tube. The other type is an X-ray direct-conversion type detector, which incorporates an X-ray direct-sensing SATICON pickup tube. Small tumor blood vessels with diameters of around 15μm were observed after injecting a contrast material to the artery in experiments using small animals.
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磯野 春雄, 倉田 晃二, 山田 千彦
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1697-1702
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
Elderly people tend to perceive color as more yellowish than younger people do, and their ability to discriminate between blueish colors deteriorates as they grow older. This paper describes measurements of visual chromatic spatial and temporal frequency responses in subjects aged 60 to 75 years old to gain a better understanding of age-related changes in color perception and to clarify some differences between young and elderly people. We found that visual chromatic spatial and temporal frequency responses to ayellow-blue (dominant wavelength : 565-445 nm) stimulus were significantly reduced in comparison with those to a red-green (495 nm and its conjugate) stimulus. The results suggest that weakened optical functions in the eye and in the power to send visual signals from the retina to the nervous system are likely causes of this deterioration of color -contrast sensitivity.
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油井 慶康, 神谷 祐樹, 橋本 直己, 中嶋 正之
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1703-1708
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
We investigated the effect of frame delay on stereoscopic vision by using a moving object in a virtual environment. The object was translated along the x-, y-, or z-axis or was rotated around the x-, y-, or z-axis while changing its speed and size. The effect on stereoscopic vision was measured by using the method of limits by changing the delay (i. e., the number of frames) between left-eye image and right-eye image. The measurements clarify the change tendencies with a maximum number of delays and allow the viewer to enjoy clear stereoscopic images when frame delay occurs.
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三島 剛, 清山 信正, 今井 篤, 大出 訓史, 都木 徹
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1709-1716
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
A speech recognition system with a manual error correction has been developed to produce closed captions in live broadcasting programs such as news programs. Speech recognition errors, however, are not corrected completely because the correctors often miss errors due to lack of care or successive erroneous words. In this paper, we propose a method that detects errors automatically to assist manual correction. A coustic parameters were extracted from both correct and erroneous results of all morphemes produced by speech recognition systems. Templates which can precisely distinguish between errors and correct results, were then constructed by genetic algorithms (GA) and discriminative training. Consequently, theerrors are detected by comparing the acoustic parameters of an unknown recognition result with the templates. Experiments have confirmed that presenting erroneous words by using the proposed method is effective for improving corrector error detection.
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田崎 新二, 安東 哲也, 合志 和洋, 古賀 広昭, 和田 親宗
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1717-1726
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
A 3D stereo image makes a more powerful and realistic impression than a 2D image. We want to clarify the optimal projection conditions for educational facilities and amusement arcades that use 3D stereo images. First, we clarified the degree of impression due to screen for 2D and 3D stereo images. The impressions of 3D stereo images became more powerful and realistic than those of 2D images as the screen size was widened. We statistically examined the opinions of viewers of 2D and 3D stereo images, which were obtained from questionnaires. Visual fatigue sometimes appeared after they watched 3D stereo images, specially when a projection method using two projectors (one for the right-eye and the other for the left-eye) was used. This fatigue appears to be partially related to the projection-size difference. Visual fatigue became more serious when the difference extended beyond 1% of the original size. Using these results, we designed an assembly rack for two projectors (3D stereo projectors) to keep the size difference below 1%.
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崔 雄, 鄭 承珠, 橋本 直己, 長谷川 晶一, 小池 康晴, 佐藤 誠
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1727-1732
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/08/17
ジャーナル
フリー
Creating reactive motions with existing motion-capture systems is difficult because they require a variety of task environments. To overcome this drawback, we propose a reactive motion capture system that combines the existing motion capture system with a haptic device and a human-scale virtual environment. Our objective is to acquire reactive motion data generated from the interaction between haptic display units and the virtual environment, using the fact that a person's actions in actual situations can be represented by the reactions of the person to actual objects. We asked the subject to trace the rim of the front of a cube under six task conditions and measured their finger trajectories as motion data. The results demonstrated that our proposed system is useful for generating data for natural-looking motions similar to real-world motions.
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堀田 裕弘, 荒田 真司, 本田 和博, 村井 忠邦, 高松 衛, 中嶋 芳雄
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1733-1736
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/08/17
ジャーナル
フリー
ステレオ静止画像において, 物体・背景部分における画質差が総合画質にどのような影響を与えているかを調べるために, 物体・背景部分で異なる符号化パラメータで作成した画像を用いて主観評価実験を行った.評価結果を解析した結果, 総合画質は物体・背景部分の画質を表す評価値で精度良く推定でき, 総合画質には物体・背景部分いずれかの低画質部分が強く影響していることが示された.
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堀田 裕弘, 櫛田 明, 本田 和博, 村井 忠邦, 高松 衛, 中嶋 芳雄
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1737-1739
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/08/17
ジャーナル
フリー
視差補償符号化により, 左右画像で画質差が存在するステレオ静止画像の総合画質を推定するための基礎検討として, 左右画像それぞれの画質評価値を用いて, ステレオ静止画像の総合画質を推定する方法について検討した.左右画像における低画質画像と高画質画像のそれぞれの主観評価値を説明変数として分散分析を行い, 有意と判断された要因を用いて重回帰分析を行うことで, ステレオ静止画像の総合画質を推定した.結果として, 低画質画像と高画質画像の主観評価値の線形和で, ステレオ静止画像の総合画質を精度良く近似できることがわかった.また, 総合画質に対して, 低画質画像は高画質画像よりも約4倍近い影響があることがわかった.
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荒関 卓, 栃内 香次, 北島 秀夫
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1740-1747
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
Adaptation speed improvement in adaptive equalizer is proposed and evaluated for relay stations in the Japanese digital terrestrial broadcasting system, ISDB-T (Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting for Terrestrial). Adaptive equalizers are advantageous in hardware implementation, but their cancelation performances for time variable environments have not been studied. In this paper, the use of tap selective approaches are proposed for LMS and RLS algorithms. Computer simulations show that the methods for achieving high performance are applicable to actual relay station systems in time variant transmission environments.
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小林 正幸, 西川 俊, 石原 保志, 三好 茂樹
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1751-1758
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
音声認識を利用して, 発話内容をリアルタイムでかな漢字混じり文とすべての漢字のルビを同時に提示するシステムを開発し, 本学の講義場面で使用した.この際に, 実施したアンケート調査の結果から, 特徴的な機能であるリアルタイムルビ付加の効果と有効性を検証した.
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海老澤 嘉伸, 天野 亮
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1759-1763
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
本研究では, 左右に出現する視標の確率を4 : 1と1 : 4にした二つの実験条件間で, サッカード反応時間 (SRT) と指押し反応時間 (MRT) を比較し, 出現確率の高いほうの視標に対して, 両反応時間が短くなることを示す.MRTは, 視標出現位置での注意レベルを反映していると考えられているため, 視標出現をより強く予期した方の位置での注意レベルの上昇と, それが原因となってSRTの短縮が起こったと考えられる.
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阿部 徹, 生岩 量久, 村崎 出, 吉田 哲雄, 富樫 純一
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1764-1769
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
We developed a high efficiency power amplifier with a pre-distortion circuit that uses temperature compensation in the ISDB-T STL/TTL in the SHF band. This equipment works in the 7GHz band and greatly reduces distortions caused by non-linear characteristics of the amplifier by using a pre-distortion circuit. The amplifier consists of a pre-distorter, a power amplifier section, a control circuit for the temperature compensation and an ALC circuit to keep the output power constant. It maintains a great stability during temperature changes by controlling the input level of the pre-distorter according to the measured temperature in the power amplifier section. This amplifier has an excellent
C/N ratio of 53 dB with an output of 2 W (OFDM average power) and a power efficiency of 2.2%.
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高野 邦彦, 若林 良二, 岡村 悦章, 野村 大輔, 青山 浩久, 秋山 裕紀, 武藤 憲司, 鈴木 弘, 島田 一雄
2003 年 57 巻 12 号 p.
1770-1773
発行日: 2003/12/01
公開日: 2011/03/14
ジャーナル
フリー
本論文では, ホログラフィ立体像を無線伝送する方法について提案する.提案手法では, 3次元情報を1枚の干渉縞パターンに変換可能なホログラフィと, 画像を音声情報に変換して伝送可能であるSSTV方式を組合せ, 計算機合成ホログラムの無線伝送実験を行った.その結果, 伝送されたホログラムから, 比較的良好な立体像が再生可能となることが明らかとなった.
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